Welcome to TTEC's Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. This call is being recorded at the request of TTEC. I would now like to turn the call over to Paul Miller, TTEC's Senior Vice President, Treasurer and Investor Relations Officer. Thank you, sir, and you may begin.

Good morning, and thank you for joining us today. TTEC is hosting this call to discuss its third quarter results for the period ended September 30, 2024. Participating on today's call are Ken Tuchman, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of TTEC; Kenny Wagers, Chief Financial Officer of TTEC; and Shelly Swanback, Chief Executive Officer of TTEC Engage. Yesterday, TTEC issued a press release announcing its financial results. While this call will reflect items discussed within that document, for complete information about our financial performance, we also encourage you to read our third quarter 2024 quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Before we begin, I want to remind you that matters discussed on today's call may include forward-looking statements related to our operating performance, financial goals, and business outlook, which are based on management's current beliefs and assumptions. Please note that these forward-looking statements reflect our opinions as of the date of this call, and we undertake no obligation to revise this information as a result of new developments that may occur. Forward-looking statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expected and described today. For a more detailed description of our risk factors, please review our 2023 annual report on Form 10-K. Before we proceed, I want to mention that our call today will not address any questions about Mr. Tuchman's September 27, 2024 proposal to the company's Board of Directors to take TTEC private. As the company shared in the press release on September 30, the Board formed a special committee of independent directors to consider Mr. Tuchman's proposal. And the committee, in consultation with independent legal and financial advisers, is evaluating and considering that proposal. A replay of this conference call will be available on our website under the Investor Relations section. I will now turn the call over to Ken.

Good morning, and thank you for joining us today. As shared in prior quarters, 2024 is a transitional year for TTEC. Across the company, we remain focused on our four priorities: winning new clients and continuing to execute our diversification strategy, enhancing our portfolio of AI-enabled CX solutions, improving our operational agility, and strengthening our financial performance. In the third quarter of 2024, revenue was $529 million, and non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA was $50 million. The dynamics of the CX industry and the macroeconomic environment continue to create headwinds as select clients delayed decision-making and/or focused on near-term cost savings. The uncertainties around the election and the Fed's monetary policies have added to this wait-and-see mindset. Despite these market realities, our teams continue to close new business. CX remains a high priority as we engage in productive CX conversations with current and potential new clients. We believe these initiatives will normalize over the course of the next six months and lead to a more attractive demand environment. We recently held one of our regularly scheduled client advisory board meetings, which included CX operational and technology-focused leaders from many of our largest clients. The conversations highlighted their business priorities and focus areas as they navigate the current environment and set their priorities for 2025. Let me share a few recurring themes. Clients are weighing the promise of AI against the necessary work required in their systems, data architecture, and CX infrastructure to realize the full benefits. Pilots are delivering encouraging results; however, expense, accuracy, data protection, and organizational readiness concerns continue to be top of mind. A more integrated and holistic view of CX processes and technology stack are a priority. Regardless of their current landscape, clients are looking for ways to get more value from their CX investments. They're focused on activating new AI-enabled capabilities and building tighter integrations between their contact center, CRM, and analytics platforms. With limited near-term budget increases, clients are pursuing savings to invest in future innovation. This approach will increase operating efficiencies, improve the quality of customer experience, and strengthen brand differentiation. I deeply value these in-person discussions with our advisory board and appreciate hearing what is top of mind for the CX executives and their companies. As the market continues to evolve, these discussions help validate our innovation agenda as well as uncover new growth opportunities for both of our business segments. Now let's discuss TTEC Engage. Despite the current wait-and-see mindset in some pockets of the market, we continue to win new clients and expand our relationship in our embedded base. We are on track to meet our goal of a dozen new meaningful client relationships by year-end. These wins are strategic and diversified across industries, including financial services, healthcare, and retail. As we've shared before, we're keenly focused on winning new clients that will scale profitably as we leverage our expanded geographic footprint. In addition, we continue to make progress selling new work types into our embedded base. This new business includes AI-enabled solutions for back office, revenue generation, fraud prevention, learning and knowledge services, as well as work in new lines of business within several of our vertical portfolios. For example, in the fourth quarter of 2023, we launched a loan origination support program with a leading digital financial services brand. Based on our strong performance, the account has grown to hundreds of associates, delivering five different work types, including care, quality, tech support, knowledge, and workforce management as a service. Another example includes a recent win with a long-term healthcare client. This exciting new opportunity extends our footprint into the provider market with patient access and back-office support services. Increasingly, our new and existing business opportunities are offshore and leverage our expanded geographic footprint. The headcounts in our new geographies have scaled 43% from the second to third quarter of this year. In addition, more than 60% of the annual contract value of our five new client wins this quarter will be delivered offshore. While we're excited about this trend, it is important to note that the deal size of our offshore contracts are initially smaller. As illustrated in previous examples, these relationships have the potential to grow as we introduce new work types into the account. Our focus on innovation continues to be a priority, with an emphasis on practical use cases and applications. Our product and engineering teams have built a deep understanding of the evolving AI landscape for CX and have prioritized our roadmap based on what solutions are ready today and what will be potentially viable in the future. Above all, we're focused on delivering solutions that can be implemented successfully and will return a positive ROI for our clients and our business. Let me share a few examples. The ability to process call and digital transcripts at scale using AI is fueling operational efficiencies and revenue growth opportunities for our clients. Insights gleaned from real-time customer interactions are delivering benefits across multiple industries. These benefits include improving coaching effectiveness in e-commerce, identifying customer journey pain points in luxury retail, and accelerating sales in automotive. We anticipate the impact from these insights will continue to grow as pilot programs move into production with our clients. We're also making progress with voice and digital language translation as the quality of these AI-enhanced services rapidly evolves and improves. We are developing native language translation tools to meet our client's practical use cases and cost requirements and see language translation as a substantial area of future opportunity. Now let me switch gears to TTEC Digital, where we create value at the intersection of contact center, CRM, AI, and analytics, underpinned with software engineering and lead with consulting. As the CX technology landscape continues to evolve, clients are leaning into our deep CX expertise to help them navigate their path forward. Here are a few highlights. We're on pace to close more than 60 new strategic clients in 2024. These clients typically begin their relationship with us in one specific CX solution and have the potential to expand with adjacent services. More than 75% of our bookings last quarter were with existing clients who are choosing us for additional CX solutions. Year-to-date, through September, the total number of clients with revenues greater than $1 million continues to grow. And our recurring revenue has increased quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year. While we've made progress, we also faced some headwinds in the second half of the quarter with delayed decision-making by clients on several of our larger deals. Consequently, our digital professional services revenue was lower than expected in the third quarter. As many of our current clients complete their contact center cloud migrations, they're considering the next CRM, contact center, or AI investment. As I mentioned earlier, while clients are enthusiastic about the potential of AI, they must address data and organizational readiness before they commit to full-scale rollouts. To provide clients with a low-risk environment to test, learn and deploy their AI solutions, we built a technology innovation environment, which we call SandcastleCX. And when combined with our technology management approach, called SurroundCX, we're providing innovation and continuous technology optimization, so clients can easily create, change, tailor and evolve their cloud-based AI CX platforms over time. This year, approximately 45% of our top 100 clients have deployed well-defined AI projects with us. These projects are yielding positive results and are making the case for full-scale implementations. Our ability to help clients integrate their myriad of technology solutions and activate relevant AI capabilities continues to set TTEC Digital apart. For example, we closed an exciting new opportunity with a professional services firm using our enterprise knowledge, engineering and content intelligence solutions. This three-year CX engagement includes a comprehensive overhaul and reclassification of all the clients' unstructured data so it can be used for various CX and AI applications. For a global technology integrator, we modernized their CRM systems and created a data-driven sales optimization solution that serves 1,700 sales executives in 62 countries. With a 92% adoption rate, the program has delivered over 150,000 new sales opportunities with substantial increases in data accuracy and win rates, and with a large media and entertainment client. We are in the midst of a multiphase transformation, in which we're migrating over 4,000 on-premise contact center associates to a cloud platform. Once that phase is complete, we will be launching several AI capabilities, including self-service bots, agent assist, and analytics. These are just a few of the many AI-enabled transformation initiatives underway. Through our ongoing partner diversification strategy, we've added new capabilities to our portfolio of CX solutions. We're excited about the growth in these new partnerships and are now selling and implementing projects with all of the leading CX technology platforms. Before I hand it over to Kenny, I'd like to recognize and thank Shelly Swanback for her many contributions to the company over the past two years. As we previously shared, Shelly has made a personal decision to leave TTEC at the end of this year for health reasons. She will be missed, and we wish her all the best as she takes a well-deserved break. Supporting a smooth transition, I'd like to formally welcome John Abou to our company as President of TTEC Engage, a 27-year industry veteran and proven leader in the BPO space. John joined us several months ago and is already making a material impact, a great cultural fit. John brings both growth and operational expertise to his role, leading our Engage, go-to-market, and operational teams. In conclusion, while taking more time than expected, we're prudently working through various challenges during this transition year. We are executing against our top strategic priorities while also taking the necessary cost reductions and profit improvement actions. This strengthens our balance sheet and returns the company to long-term revenue growth and increased profitability. As a management team, we're focused on our path forward and are actively executing on our strategy and improvement initiatives. On behalf of the Board of Directors, our leadership team, and our employees around the world, we look forward to continuing to share our progress in the quarters to come.

Thank you, Ken, and good morning. I will start with a review of our third quarter financial results before discussing our full-year 2024 financial outlook. In my discussion of the third quarter financial results, reference to revenue is on a GAAP basis, while EBITDA, operating income, and earnings per share are on a non-GAAP adjusted basis. A full reconciliation of our GAAP to non-GAAP results is included in the tables attached to our earnings press release. Turning to our consolidated third quarter 2024 financial results. Revenue was $529 million, a decrease of 12.2% over the prior year period and relatively unchanged sequentially. Adjusted EBITDA was $50 million, or 9.5% of revenue, a decrease from $64 million, or 10.6% of revenue in the prior year period and an increase from $46 million, or 8.7% of revenue in the prior quarter. EPS was $0.11 compared to $0.48 in the prior year period and $0.14 in the prior quarter. Foreign exchange had a nominal impact on revenue in the third quarter over the prior year period, while positively impacting adjusted EBITDA by $2 million, primarily in our Engage segment. At the company level, we delivered the third quarter within our performance expectations. In our Digital segment, our recurring managed service offerings continue to deliver double-digit revenue growth. However, for the reasons mentioned by Ken, our professional services revenue was negatively impacted by the unanticipated delays in closing select larger deals. In our Engage segment, topline performance met our expectations and was relatively in line with the prior quarter. We are encouraged by the improved profitability in both our Digital and Engage segments, reflecting the early benefits from our profit optimization initiatives. Turning to our third quarter 2024 segment results. Our Digital segment's third quarter 2024 revenue was $116 million, down 13.2% over the prior year period and relatively unchanged sequentially. The year-over-year results are a difficult comparison as the reduction primarily relates to a large one-time on-premise product sale in the prior year period for one of our existing clients. As previously communicated for our 2024 outlook, the one-time on-premise related revenue is declining overall as more clients migrate to cloud-based CX delivery, partially offset by the growth in recurring revenue related to cloud infrastructure. TTEC Digital professional services and recurring revenue together increased by 5.9% year-over-year in the third quarter. We continue to deliver solid results in our recurring managed services offerings, which increased 12.9% year-over-year and 4.2% sequentially. Managed services represented approximately 65% of Digital's total revenue in the third quarter of 2024 compared to 51% in the prior year period. We are pleased with the demand for our CXaaS managed services solutions. Related to our CX professional services offerings, revenue declined over the prior year and sequentially by 6.4% and 5.1%, respectively. As shared, select clients unexpectedly delayed the timing of larger engagements, which impacted the third quarter and is adding pressure to our fourth quarter outlook. While we continue to view this dynamic as temporary, the trend could take a few quarters before normalizing, as it is influenced by many macro factors. Digital's third quarter 2024 operating income was $14 million or 12.5% of revenue. This compares to $19 million or 14.5% in the prior year period and $15 million or 12.8% in the prior quarter. While we had a healthier revenue mix than the prior year, it was offset by lower revenue previously mentioned and the investment in talent to support our continuous effort to diversify our offerings for 2025. Digital's backlog for the full year is $446 million or 92% of our 2024 revenue guidance at the midpoint, in line with the prior year. We are encouraged by Digital's overall strong pipeline that has been growing in terms of the number of deals, but has reduced in average deal size due to the growing number of pilot projects attached to AI initiatives. Our Engage segment revenue was $414 million in the third quarter of 2024, down 11.9% over the prior year period and relatively unchanged sequentially. Operating income was $20 million or 4.8% of revenue compared to $28 million or 5.9% of revenue in the prior year. Sequentially, operating income increased 35% with an approximate 130 basis point improvement as a percentage of revenue. Overall, we are encouraged by our Engage segment's sequential performance, and most importantly, the increase in profitability. This is primarily a function of our efforts to transition through the headwinds shared earlier this year and executing upon our profit optimization initiatives without impacting our delivery quality. We are more effectively managing our operations and overall cost structure by further enabling technology and improving our processes. We also strengthened our leadership team with tenured industry hires to continue accelerating our efforts and advancing our performance in key areas. Consistent with our messaging last quarter, the quality of Engage opportunities remain strong, and we are seeing encouraging signs based on client's discussions around CX delivery strategies. However, clients are prioritizing initiatives that will yield cost savings near term and postponing new program investments into next year. Engage's last 12-month revenue retention rate was 85%, compared to 96% in the prior year. The decline is primarily explained by the revenue reduction from one large client in financial services mentioned earlier this year and declines in our seasonal healthcare volumes, primarily due to changes by clients to moderate the level of customer support to address cost pressures. I will now share other third quarter 2024 metrics before discussing our outlook. Free cash flow in the third quarter of 2024 was a negative $100 million compared to a negative $53 million in the prior year. The decline was primarily related to the impact of the accounts receivable factoring facility discontinuation, previously communicated when we announced the latest amendment to our credit agreement. This discontinuation negatively impacted our cash flow by $82 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and by $101 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Normalized free cash flow in the third quarter of 2024 was a negative $19 million and positive $7 million year-to-date. The year-over-year improvement reflects improved working capital conversion and lower capital expenditures, partially offset by lower profitability. Capital expenditures were $9 million or 1.7% of revenue for the third quarter 2024 compared to $22 million or 3.6% in the prior year, with most expenses related to our geographic expansion. Our normalized tax rate was 58.3% in the third quarter of 2024 compared to 20.5% in the prior year. The increase is primarily a function of the ongoing impact of the U.S. valuation allowance recorded during the second quarter, whereby the benefits of the future tax credits from the U.S. pretax losses couldn't be recognized. In addition, there were several profitable foreign jurisdictions where the income tax expense was driven higher. As a result, we ended up with a low global pretax income in relation to the net positive tax expense, for which the U.S. tax loss couldn't be offset. As of September 30, 2024, cash was $97 million with $1.028 billion of debt, primarily representing borrowings under our $1.2 billion credit facility. Partially offset by positive cash flow from operations, net debt increased $116 million over the prior year, largely due to higher interest expense and the discontinuation of our accounts receivable factoring facility last quarter. We ended the quarter with a net debt-to-EBITDA ratio of 4.49x, in line with our internal forecasts. Looking forward, we anticipate our net debt and leverage to decline in the fourth quarter and into next year due to the positive cash flow from operations, prudent capital allocation, proceeds from assets held for sale, including a large real estate asset that was not used in operations as disclosed in our Form 8-K filing and disciplined working capital management. Lower anticipated interest rates will also support our free cash flow and debt reduction efforts. Further, on November 4, 2024, TTEC's Board of Directors suspended the company's semiannual dividend as part of its ongoing shift to prioritize debt reduction. Turning to our outlook and closing remarks. At the company level, we are reiterating full-year 2024 guidance, but expect revenue and profitability to be towards the lower end of the ranges provided last quarter. At the segment level, the appropriate contribution adjustments are made to reflect our third quarter actual results and updated fourth quarter forecast. For TTEC, on a consolidated basis, the midpoint of our guidance range is unchanged, with revenue at $2.235 billion and EBITDA at $209 million or 9.3%. In our Digital business, we are forecasting revenue and EBITDA of $483 million and $66 million or 13.8% at the midpoint of our updated guidance range, down from $490 million and $73 million or 15%, respectively. This is below our prior guidance range, primarily impacted by the previously mentioned revenue moderation in our professional service offerings. In our Engage business, we are forecasting revenue and EBITDA of $1.752 billion and $142 million or 8.1% at the midpoint of our updated guidance range, up from $1.745 billion and $135 million or 7.8%, respectively. This is slightly above the midpoint of our prior guidance range. Please reference our commentary in the Business Outlook section of our third quarter 2024 earnings press release for our expectations for our 2024 full-year guidance at the consolidated and segment level. In closing, we are achieving many of our key objectives that we set forth during this transitional year. In TTEC Digital, we are diversifying our CX technology partnerships and broadening our expertise and capabilities across contact center, CRM, AI, and analytics solutions and remain confident in the long-term market demand for our CX technology and service capabilities. In TTEC Engage, we are winning and launching new client programs across our expanded geographic footprint, working through the previously mentioned headwinds and executing upon our profit optimization initiatives. As we transition to 2025, we remain focused on our strategic priorities and resolute in our ability to return TTEC to long-term organic growth and increased profitability.

Thanks, Kenny. I want to remind everyone that our call today will not address any questions about Mr. Tuchman's proposal to take TTEC private. As we open up the call, we ask that you limit your questions to one or two at a time. Operator, you may open the line.

Operator instructions. Our first question comes from Mike Latimore of Northland Capital Markets.

I have a couple of questions regarding the Digital business. Your guidance suggests there may be a strong acceleration in the fourth quarter, potentially leading to double-digit year-over-year growth. What gives you confidence in that outlook? Are there deals that didn't close which you expect will close? What factors are contributing to this?

Kenny here. We're optimistic about Digital and have been all year. As we approach the end of the year and review our Q3 results, we also look ahead to Q4. Some deals shifted from Q3, but Dave is confident they will close in Q4 or Q1. The end of the year can be tricky for large consulting projects, as we navigate the timing of closures around December 31 and January 1. Overall, we feel confident in our trajectory for the next two to three quarters, based on our bookings and backlog.

So assuming you do even hit the lower end of the Digital guidance, you get back to growth, is that something that maybe is sustainable where we could see kind of that business growing year-over-year going forward?

Yes, Mike, we do see that. There is a significant mix between product sales and the consulting business. Currently, we are in the planning phase for 2025. As we evaluate our practices and the potential we see for 2025, along with the supportive factors in our favor, we also need to address the decline in product sales. This results in a mixed outcome at the top line, but we are very confident about the health of the business moving forward.

I believe that as we pursue our initiatives to diversify the business within Digital with our new partners, we remain optimistic about the AI projects that are starting. Ken highlighted earlier that 75% of our deals are coming from existing clients, which is encouraging because it suggests that we can engage in multiple projects with these clients. Typically, these deals close faster, so that contributes to a positive outlook. Our pipeline continues to be strong, and we have an increasing number of opportunities and promising deals with our partners. Overall, things look good. However, as Kenny noted, this time of year can be challenging. Last year, Q4 was significant for us in terms of closing deals, and Dave's team is focused on finalizing as many deals as possible in this quarter.

Yes, I think we should highlight that clients in general are focused on cost in 2024, which has led many to delay projects. This trend is evident across various IT services companies. We feel more confident looking ahead to 2025, as interest rates are expected to decline, and hopefully, political uncertainties will be resolved. This should lead to a stronger emphasis on initiating larger projects. From the feedback we're receiving, clients are currently facing budget constraints which have caused them to postpone projects. However, they can only delay for so long before they must adapt to new technologies to remain competitive.

Our next question comes from Maggie Nolan of William Blair.

It's Kate Kronstein on for Maggie. I had a question about healthcare payer clients that were a weak spot last quarter. Can you touch a little bit on what you're seeing in this client cohort this quarter?

Yes. Well, last quarter, we talked about a lot of our payer clients just making some decisions relative to saving money, right, the cost pressures that they have and staffing differently for our seasonal ramp, which is Q4 and into Q1 a bit. And so I'd say no change there. I mean, things have played out this quarter, and we see Q4 similar to what we talked about last quarter. I mean, they're continuing to face a lot of cost pressure in the healthcare industry. And so they're making choices in terms of cutting costs. And now the good news is there are lots of conversations that we're having about starting to think about using offshore talent, offshore resources, some technology, things that have typically been a little bit off-limits, if you will, from a healthcare payer perspective. And so those are early conversations. But I expect that we'll continue to have those conversations here through the end of the year and into next year and see some proof of concepts underway in the next couple of quarters.

Okay. Great. And then one final question. On the cost-saving initiatives, do you guys still expect that those will provide roughly $30 million in savings in 2025? Or has that expectation changed at all?

No. As we mentioned last quarter, $10 million of in-year savings in 2024 and annualized savings of $30 million in 2025. And we've executed well on that to our internal numbers coming out of Q2 into the Q3 results. And so we do expect those numbers to manifest in 2025.

Operator instructions. Our next question comes from the line of Cassie Chan from Bank of America.

Are you anticipating a longer ramp-up period for these as well? You mentioned some macro issues that are causing concern. Could you elaborate on that? Why do you expect that those issues won't continue? Additionally, are you encountering similar concerns in conversations with other clients, not just the new ones?

Cassie, we didn't hear the beginning part of your question, sorry about that. You might have been on mute. Can you just repeat your question?

Yes. So I just wanted to ask a little bit about the select client delay projects and implementations that you guys had mentioned. So the first part is just, are you sort of expecting a longer ramp-up period for those as well even after they closed in the fourth quarter or first quarter of next year? And you mentioned some macro issues that they're concerned about. So what are those? Are you hearing those in other client conversations as well?

Let me break it down by each business segment. On the Engage side, we are pleased to be on track to establish around a dozen new significant client relationships. They are starting small in terms of ramp-up, partly because many are utilizing our new offshore locations. There’s no real change in this area; we are focused on ensuring successful client launches and scaling from there. For a few of the new clients on the Engage side, we are already broadening the services we provide. So, this continues as we’ve discussed in previous quarters. On the Digital side, the comments from Ken and Kenny addressed some delays with certain projects moving forward. This doesn't indicate a delay in the ramp-up or execution of the projects, just in their initiation. We are focused on closing these deals in Q4 so we can kick them off in the latter part of this year and into early next year.

Okay. That's helpful. And then I guess the higher tax rate, the 40% to 46%, just talk a little bit more about that. Is that also the right way that we should think about in terms of 2025 modeling purposes? And is 4Q kind of a good jumping-off point that we should think about in terms of at least the first half of '25, understanding that you're not obviously providing formal guidance right now?

Thanks for the caveat at the end. Yes. The normalized tax rate, what I said in the call is exactly where we see over the next couple of quarters. And so to your point, with the deferred tax asset or with the valuation allowance that we had in the previous quarter, it's just really a mix issue between our pretax income in the U.S. versus our income in the rest of the world and what that effective tax rate is. And so, again, not giving guidance on what we're looking at into the future just yet for 2025. But that's where we're at in our Q3 results, and we anticipate relatively the same in Q4.

Our next question comes from Joe Vafi of Canaccord.

This is Will Johnston on for Joe. Nice to see the strong growth in new geos this quarter. Do you mind just giving us a sense for your offshore investment program in 2025? And do you think you could potentially accelerate this program given the demand dynamic this quarter?

I would like to say that our commentary about geographic expansion in 2024 remains accurate. We are pleased with the performance of those regions. Since the first quarter of this year, I have mentioned that the investments made in 2022 and 2023 have prepared the company for offshore diversification in our products and services that are now available in the market, as there is significant customer demand for offshore solutions and new business lines. We have executed this strategy well this year, laying the necessary groundwork. Our capital expenditures are beginning to trend down as we have completed our investments. The way we’ve performed offshore this year sets the stage for continued success in 2025. Diversification is among our top four priorities, as Ken pointed out earlier. Therefore, you will see increased offshore activities in 2025, aligned with customer demand, as we deliver strong products and services in the offshore sector.

Great. And are you seeing any changing dynamics in kind of the cadence of scaling smaller deal sizes offshore?

Do you want to take it? Yes.

I wouldn't say there are any significant changes. Offshore programs tend to generate revenue more quickly than onshore services, which we've discussed in previous quarters. However, it really depends on the client; some prefer to start with 50 agents while others may want hundreds. Interest in our new markets remains strong, particularly in Latin America and Africa. We also have a few clients in the banking, financial services, and insurance sectors where we're expanding our support across different lines of business. Overall, the dynamics remain consistent with what we've been discussing over the last couple of quarters.

Our last question is from Jonathan Lee of Guggenheim.

Tremendous to see the uptick in offshore here, and thanks for the color there so far. But to clarify, are further investments needed to ramp offshore revenue? And are you seeing any existing onshore customers maybe think about moving some of their volumes offshore?

Yes, I'll take the investments first, and then I'll let Shelly take the second half of your question. What I would say is the footprint has been laid, right? We are in the countries and in the Tier 1, Tier 2 cities that we are very happy with, right? The customers want to be in the cities that we expanded into over the last two years. And so from an investment standpoint, I would tell you at this point, now that the foundation is laid, the facilities are there, the human capital, infrastructure is in those companies, if you will, to support growth and scale, any investment would be specific to new revenue and growth on a customer-by-customer basis, i.e., internally, Jonathan, I would say we can go across the parking lot in South Africa or Rwanda because we're expanding beyond the building that we currently have. So I would say it's a good matching of revenue and expense from an investment standpoint, all based on new clients growing with us in the footprint that we have.

Yes. I would add that a significant portion of our work is in regulated industries, which must remain onshore, and that has not changed. However, some clients are proactively looking to shift certain work offshore, which was previously done onshore. Nevertheless, the offshore projects we are currently undertaking with clients are supplementary to the onshore work rather than a replacement. We will monitor how these dynamics evolve. We're actively engaging with our clients, and where we identify opportunities for onshore work to be conducted offshore, it will enhance profitability for us. We are taking a thoughtful approach to this strategy.

Appreciate that. And secondly, can you share more color on the velocity of debt reduction you'd expect in the coming quarters? And maybe some of the drivers of your ability to pay that down just given where cash flow is today versus some of the investments needed to drive some of your expansion?

Yes, Jonathan, I don't know if I can expand much more than what's in the press release or what's out there, right? We are committed to debt reduction, as you see our profitability increase, as you see our free cash flow from operations increase. We had the asset sale. You saw the disclosure on the dividend. And so, as we've been talking over the previous quarters during this transition year, we are focused on debt reduction, we are focused on our capital structure, and it is those input metrics, if you will, that we will continue to double down on to continue to drive down those ratios to the levels that we would be happy with over the coming quarters.

Thank you for your questions. That is all the time we have today. This concludes TTEC's Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. You may disconnect at this time.