Hello, and welcome to the Third Quarter Fiscal Year 2025 Cardinal Health Incorporated Earnings Conference Call. My name is George, and I will be the coordinator for today's event. Please note that this conference is being recorded, and your lines will be in listen-only mode for the duration of the call. I would now like to turn the call over to your host today, Mr. Matt Sims, Vice President of Investor Relations, to begin today's conference. Thank you.

Welcome to Cardinal Health's Third Quarter Fiscal '25 Earnings Conference Call. Thank you for joining us. Today, we have our CEO, Jason Hollar, and our CFO, Aaron Alt, with us. You can find the earnings press release and investor presentation on our Investor Relations website. As we will be making forward-looking statements, please be aware that these involve risks and uncertainties that could lead to actual results differing significantly from those anticipated. For more details on these risks, please refer to our SEC filings and the forward-looking statements slide in our presentation. During our discussion, comments will be presented on a non-GAAP basis unless specifically noted as GAAP. Reconciliations between GAAP and non-GAAP for relevant periods are available in the supporting schedules attached to our press release. Now, I will hand the call over to Jason.

Thank you and good morning everyone. Today, we reported strong third quarter results, which demonstrate the continued acceleration of the momentum we've established in recent years, the underlying strength of our business and the effectiveness of our strategy. In today's increasingly complex macro environment, our role as health care's crucial link is more important than ever. We bridge the clinical and operational aspects of health care, delivering end-to-end solutions that touch every part of the care continuum. Customers and manufacturer partners confidently rely on us to safely, securely and efficiently deliver essential products and services to the right place and time. Our team continuously navigates evolving market conditions and regulatory complexities within the health care industry, allowing us to act with urgency and flexibility to best serve customers and patients. We create tremendous value for our partners through the breadth and scale of our offerings. With our strong competitive positioning and the positive trends underpinning our results, our business has proven to be incredibly resilient. It should also be noted that while our industry relies upon an efficient and effective global supply chain, Cardinal Health has a strong U.S. footprint with over 99% of our enterprise revenue generated here. Roughly 95% of our segment profit is generated from four of our five businesses, which are as yet largely unimpacted by tariffs or other regulatory actions. And we have invested approximately $7 billion in the last two years in the United States, including recent acquisitions, expanded domestic manufacturing, new distribution nodes, technology and automation which has directly supported the delivery of our country's health care. As always, we proactively monitor proposed legislation and regulation, and as I said before, we continue to support the overarching goals of increasing patient access, affordability and innovation in health care. Moving on to our results. Our performance this quarter was driven by strong utilization trends and execution across our most significant business, Pharmaceutical and Specialty Solutions, and our three growth businesses reported another, which are becoming an increasingly important part of our overall mix. Most notably, the broad-based performance reflected profit growth from all five of our operating segments, an indication that our relentless focus on advancing our strategic priorities is delivering real measurable impact. It is also worth mentioning when looking at the strong pharma results, we're seeing the first positive benefits from the acquisitions of GI Alliance and Integrated Oncology Network, both of which in early days are performing consistent with our expectations. And within our higher margin other businesses, at-Home Solutions, Nuclear and OptiFreight, we see continued potential to expand our capabilities and create additional value. We are pleased to complete the acquisition of Advanced Diabetes Supply Group at the beginning of April and would like to extend a warm welcome to the ADSG team. As a result, we are pleased to again raise our fiscal '25 EPS guidance and have great confidence in our ability to generate sustainable long-term growth for the future. In summary, we are encouraged by the performance this quarter, which validates the strength of our strategy, the discipline of our teams and our conviction in our trajectory heading into the fourth quarter. With that, I'll turn it over to Aaron.

Thanks, Jason, and good morning. Q3 was a strong financial quarter for us, as we continue to do what we said we were going to do: invest in the business, drive growth in pharma and the three other growth businesses and continue the turnaround of GMPD. Overall, we grew operating earnings by 21% and EPS by 13%, even while comparing against the prior period to the customer contract expiration and while executing and integrating our recent acquisitions. The outstanding performance of pharma up 14%, anchored our earnings results with further momentum provided by all three of the other growth businesses, together up 22%, and continued profit growth in GMPD. In total, our results led to earnings per share in the quarter of $2.35. As a result, we are raising and narrowing our full year EPS guidance to a range of $8.05 to $8.15. Let's review the results, starting with Slide 4. Total company revenue was flat at nearly $55 billion on a reported basis. Adjusting for the contract expiration, revenue increased 19% versus the prior year with strong demand across pharma and all three of the growth businesses and other. We drove strong operating leverage in the quarter. Total company gross profit dollars increased 10%, while SG&A increased a more modest 4% notwithstanding our investments across the business and recent acquisitions. Digging deeper, SG&A actually decreased slightly year-over-year when normalizing out the additions of GI Alliance and ION, reflecting the strong cost control efforts and efficiencies pursued by the team. This led to operating earnings growth of 21% versus the prior year. Moving below the line. Interest and other increased by $38 million to $65 million in the quarter, primarily due to previously anticipated acquisition-related financing costs. Our third quarter effective tax rate was 22.4%, a 2.5 point increase from prior year due to the non-repetition of some positive discrete items in the prior year. Q3 average diluted shares outstanding were 240 million shares, 2% lower than a year ago, due to our share repurchase efforts. The net result for Q3 was EPS of $2.35, growth of 13%. Now turning to the segments, beginning with pharma on Slide 5. Third quarter revenue was relatively flat at $50.4 billion. Excluding the customer contract expiration, revenue increased 20% driven by brand and specialty pharmaceutical sales growth from existing and new customers. This included approximately 7 percentage points of revenue growth from GLP-1 sales. In Q3, we saw a continuation of strong pharmaceutical demand across the business within brand, specialty, generics and consumer health and from our largest customers. We also saw growth from new customers, and we are especially pleased with the successful onboarding of Publix during the quarter, which was made possible by the collaborative effort between the Cardinal and Publix teams. Q3 delivered segment profit of $662 million, growth of 14%. This was driven by all of contributions from brand and specialty products, our MSO platforms including GI Alliance, BioPharma Solutions including Specialty Networks and by positive generics program performance, this growth was partially offset by the customer contract expiration. As a reminder, we closed our acquisition of ION in Q2 and of GIA on January 30. So the quarter included positive results from both businesses. We continue to be excited about these additional higher margin revenue streams which, as we've said, are anticipated to contribute approximately 3 percentage points to our pharma segment profit growth this year. Finally, our generics program continued to see positive performance, including strong volume growth and consistent market dynamics. Let's turn now to our turnaround business, the GMPD segment. Revenue increased 2% in Q3 to $3.2 billion, driven by volume growth from existing customers. We were particularly pleased to see Cardinal Health brand growth of 3% during the quarter, which was actually a couple of percentage points higher when normalizing for billing day differences between periods and currency fluctuations. GMPD segment profit increased to $39 million in the quarter driven by the net benefit from our cost optimization initiatives. The team continues to be aggressive in executing its simplification strategy to deliver operational efficiencies and best serve our customers. Finishing with the businesses reported in other, as seen on Slide 7. Third quarter revenue increased 13% with profit growth across all three operating segments. Now turning to the balance sheet. We ended the quarter with a cash position of $3.3 billion. We've delivered adjusted free cash flow of $1.2 billion year-to-date and have continued to deploy capital according to our disciplined capital allocation framework. We've invested $315 million back into the business so far this year. We have more than fulfilled our baseline commitment and repurchased $750 million in shares during the year as we completed $375 million of accelerated share repurchases in March. The average price of our year-to-date share repurchases has been $117 per share. And during Q3, we deployed $2.8 billion for the closing of our majority position in GI Alliance. Now let's talk about our full year guidance for fiscal year '25 with only one quarter left to go. Reflecting the strong Q3 results, we are raising and narrowing our fiscal '25 EPS guidance to a range of $8.05 to $8.15, an $0.18 increase at the midpoint of our prior guidance. Given the better than expected adjusted free cash flow year-to-date, we also are now expecting adjusted free cash flow at the high end of our prior guidance range approximately $1.5 billion. We are narrowing our interest and other guidance to the lower end of our previous guidance, now $200 million to $215 million primarily reflecting the strong cash flows. As a result, we borrowed less than we anticipated to complete the ADSG transaction. This guidance implies roughly $75 million in INO next quarter now that we've completed our acquisitions of ION, GIA and ADSG. As a reminder, our interest in other line also includes the income that GIA recognizes from its minority equity positions in ambulatory surgery centers. For context, we expect about $10 million of other income from the ASC positions in Q4. We are also updating our effective tax rate guidance to a range of 23% to 23.5%. Moving on to our segments, starting on Slide 10. For pharma, we are raising our segment profit guidance for the full year to 11.5% to 12.5% growth, driven by the continued broad-based demand we've seen in core pharma and specialty. Of note, Q4 is expected to contain a higher-than-usual amount of investment-related costs as we near completion of our Consumer Health Logistics Center, continue to invest in technology and continue to add capabilities while scaling our MSO platforms. While individual customer timelines have varied, we are confirming that we have now completed customer onboarding that makes up approximately $10 billion of new customer revenue in fiscal year '25, setting us up for further growth in fiscal year '26. For GMPD, we are narrowing our guidance to the lower end of our prior fiscal year '25 guidance range, now $130 million to $140 million. Even with this narrowing of guidance for GMPD, the team is making good progress, and the fourth quarter should reflect a meaningful step-up in profitability as a result of the actions taken in the last several quarters. There are a few factors that support our guidance. First, Q3 showed a positive change in trajectory for Cardinal Health brand volume, including strengths we saw as we exited the quarter. Second, the team has continued to respond to environmental adversity by finding incremental cost saving actions, including a reduction in force, which occurred at the end of Q3. Third, our guidance has always signaled that the fourth quarter would be our highest seasonal quarter in terms of segment profit, just like last year. I should note that while Q4 will be impacted by the earlier rounds of tariffs between the U.S., Mexico and Canada, most of that early impact will be offset in the quarter or will be recognized in future periods when the related product is sold. As a result, the onset of tariffs is not expected to have a direct material financial impact on the fourth fiscal quarter for any of our businesses. In other, we now expect fiscal year '25 revenue growth of 17% to 19% and segment profit growth of 16% to 18%, driven by stronger organic growth across the businesses and anticipated contributions from ADSG during the fourth quarter. We expect ADSG to be slightly accretive to EPS immediately despite the one-time impact of an acquisition-related inventory fair value step up, which will be unique to Q4. Now given the highly dynamic environment in which we are all operating, today, we will provide early context on next year. We are only six weeks away from our Investor Day on June 12, by which time we expect to have more visibility on macro events and to offer more concrete thoughts on fiscal '26 and beyond. In pharma, we expect to continue to benefit from positive utilization growth, our strong core foundation, which includes our leading Red Oak enabled generics program and our partnerships across a diverse and growing customer base. We expect strong growth in specialty, both in our upstream BioPharma Solutions and our downstream services, including our MSO platforms, which continue to expand. We are confident in our ability to navigate changes to the U.S. health care ecosystem, whether that is the administration Section 232 review of the pharmaceutical industry or the recent drug pricing executive order. Based on what is known at this time, we do not currently expect meaningful changes to our economics from these actions because of our unique value proposition and ability to respond as needed. In other, we expect continued strong demand and organic growth fueled by the secular tailwinds of the markets, our leading competitive positions and our investments. The addition of ADSG to at-Home Solutions will be accretive to our business as we work to quickly unlock synergies. In GMPD, Jason will shortly talk about the aggressive actions we're continuing to take to reduce the burden of the tariffs on our customers and on our business. We remain committed to the GMPD turnaround and are relentlessly focused on ensuring GMPD retains a viable and improved financial profile. While we need more clarity on the nature, geographic reach, intended duration and resulting financial impact of the reciprocal and targeted tariffs, the operational improvements the team has made give us confidence that GMPD fiscal year '26 segment profit will be at least consistent with fiscal '25 levels. Finally, in fiscal '26, having lapped the negative working capital unwind of the customer contract expiration, we expect robust cash flow generation. We remain committed to our disciplined capital allocation framework, prioritizing internal investments such as our new Consumer Health Logistics Center, strengthening our balance sheet with incremental debt pay down, returning capital to shareholders and prioritizing tuck-in acquisitions in areas of strategic focus, as you saw in our earnings release this morning. Bringing this all together, overall, the largest and highest growth parts of our business are resilient and well-positioned to continue growth in fiscal year '26, and we are confident in the enterprise achieving double-digit non-GAAP EPS growth next year. In closing, our team is steadfast on pursuing operational execution while investing for long-term growth. We have a plan. We are executing against it. And we look forward to sharing more at our upcoming Investor Day on June 12. With that, I will turn it back over to Jason.

Thanks Aaron. Stepping back, there is a lot to be excited about with our results this quarter. Not only did we see earnings growth in each of our five operating segments, but we also saw significant growth in our high priority growth areas Specialty, Nuclear, at-Home solutions and OptiFreight. We have more work to do with GMPD, but I am pleased with the operational improvements we have achieved even in a more uncertain macroeconomic environment. So let's go a little deeper. In Pharmaceutical and Specialty Solutions, the positive third quarter performance reflects sustained momentum across the segment, highlighting our disciplined approach to operational execution and prioritization of the core. It is our customer-focused execution that led to the successful onboarding of Publix during this quarter. We consistently aim to provide all of our customers with industry-leading support, and the team has continued to drive above target, on-time delivery metrics with historically high service levels. Another critical component of our success in the core is our partnership with Red Oak which continues to fulfill its dual mandate of securing product access and controlling costs. Specialty remains central to our long-term growth strategy with compelling opportunities to drive meaningful and differentiated value and accelerate our growth. We were delighted to share the news about GI Alliance's recent acquisitions, furthering our mission to deliver integrated high-quality and patient-centered specialty care across the United States. Notably, Urology America and Potomac Urology marked GIA's expansion into urology, reinforcing its commitment to building a comprehensive multi-specialty model. We are encouraged by the latest additions to our portfolio and see clear evidence that our strategic approach of providing community-based physician practices, a comprehensive MSO platform is working. Turning to GMPD, where the team's rigorous focus on executing the GMPD improvement plan led to solid growth for the quarter. Along with the efforts to further streamline our cost structure, we were pleased to see stronger growth of our Cardinal Health branded products. We're also pleased with the recent commercial progress, including a new long-term distribution agreement with a notable health system. Now I know that you're all interested in some further color on tariffs. We understand the importance of the United States competing in a fair global market, and we are engaging with the administration to try to mitigate impact to patient care. Our focus has been on GMPD, given that the other four operating segments representing 95% of our segment profit are largely unaffected by the announcements to date, and we anticipate their robust business models will continue to minimize ongoing impacts. Within GMPD, we have been proactive and aggressive in implementing mitigation actions to reduce the burden on our customers as much as possible. This includes increasing U.S. manufacturing capacity in key categories such as syringes and incontinence, diversifying our supplier network away from higher-risk jurisdictions, identifying and onboarding alternate sources of supply including, in some cases, prestocking inventory, deploying AI in support of our tariff planning and compliance and further reducing our internal cost structure. Only after aggressive mitigation actions like these are accomplished do we consider price adjustments. So far, these actions and others have helped us already mitigate several hundred million dollars of exposure. However, based on today's tariffs, we would still anticipate roughly $200 million to $300 million of remaining gross tariff costs in fiscal '26 before further mitigation. We anticipate mitigating the majority of these costs through continued operational actions and price adjustments, which we are already working on with our customers. As Aaron said, we are working to ensure that GMPD retains a viable financial profile. We are all too aware of the burden that GMPD and Cardinal Health shoulder during COVID, resulting in significant financial losses, and we are highly focused on ensuring that costs are minimized but also shared more equitably in this case. In proactively working with our customers, we are seeking a scenario which does not result in market scarcity of key products or disruptions to supply. And now finishing with our other businesses. With strong performance across the three operating segments, this continues to be an area where we see substantial runway for growth, thanks to our differentiated offerings, support of secular trends, strong competitive positioning and investments for the future. Within Nuclear and Precision Health Solutions, we continue to see above-market growth in our core business and saw over 30% growth in Theranostics this quarter, reflecting meaningful growth in the demand for products within our oncology and urology portfolio, such as Illuccix and Pluvicto. We're also excited about the potential of new therapeutics to enhance the treatment of Alzheimer's and other conditions. Our positioning as the go-to partner for radiopharmaceutical innovators is evident when we consider recent activity, including our announcement that we've entered into an agreement with GE Healthcare to manufacture and distribute Flyrcado, a first-of-its-kind pet agent for enhanced diagnosis of coronary artery disease. In at-Home Solutions, we are delivering on our clear strategy to win in this rapidly growing part of the industry. We continue to invest in automation to bolster the productivity, quality and safety of our supply chain, which has been a driver in our all-time high operational metrics. The business is on an extremely solid foundation as we have begun the integration of ADSG, which in its early weeks is tracking as planned. We continue to expect the synergistic combination of ADSG and at-Home Solutions to create value for patients and enable us to grow profitably as the overall diabetes care market expands well into the future. And in OptiFreight Logistics, we are driving consistently strong performance. With the team's ability to deliver action-driving insights, more customers are expanding on our platform. In closing, this quarter's strong results driven by solid contributions across all five operating segments demonstrate the clarity of our strategic direction and underlying strength of our business. The broad-based momentum we're seeing across the enterprise reinforces our confidence in the path ahead and our ability to accelerate through the remainder of fiscal year '25. While we continue to monitor the broader landscape, we are confident in the resiliency of our business and this team's ability to deliver. Our focus remains on the disciplined execution of our strategy to best serve our customers and drive long-term value creation. Thank you to our team for consistently going above and beyond to fulfill our role as health care's most trusted partner. With that, we will take your questions.

Our first question today is from Lisa Gill at JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Thanks very much. And thank you for all the details Jason. I appreciate the comments around the tariffs, and I look forward to more when we get to the Analyst Day. I really want to focus my question on what you talked about in the quarter, really strong brand and specialty sales growth. Can you talk about where that's coming from? Do you think that changes due to the IRA under Part D, is that driving it? I know underlying utilization costs continue to go higher when we think about pharmaceutical costs. Just any color that you can give around what you're seeing from a volume perspective and how sustainable you think that is as we move into '26?

Thank you for the question, Lisa. While the reduction in out-of-pocket maximums may have some impact, it's nearly impossible to pinpoint exactly how. It's important to note that our growth is quite broad-based so there are various factors contributing to it. The strength we've experienced this quarter actually began before this period and spans different areas of our business. In discussing the reasons for earnings growth in the pharma segment, we pointed out several categories, including generics and overall branded products. Notably, we have maintained strong performance in Specialty, experiencing mid-teens growth in our specialty distribution for several years, and this quarter continued that trend. Our BioPharma Solutions business also showed solid performance, contributing nicely to profits, although it had a smaller impact on top-line revenue. This included benefits from the Specialty Networks last quarter, and we are seeing year-over-year positive momentum. Additionally, we introduced new Managed Service Organizations, ION and GIA, which added to our broad-based performance, both organically and through acquisitions this quarter, aligning with what we've seen in previous quarters. The new customers we began onboarding in our second quarter are starting to contribute, and this quarter marks the first comprehensive impact of the anticipated $10 billion in new customer business for the year. Even though our revenue remained relatively flat, excluding the large customer transition, we experienced about 20% volume revenue growth driven by the factors I mentioned, including GLP-1s accounting for approximately 7% of that growth. Overall, we continue to see robust, consistent growth in the low to mid-teens range, driven by these various elements.

And Lisa, to the point of your question on the carryforward, while we are not providing a specific guide on pharma today, we'll provide more details on that at our Investor Day, it is the case that we are carrying forward in '26, assuming a positive utilization environment, we're assuming consistent market dynamics and good performance in the generics program as we move into next year as well as continued strong growth in specialty, both upstream and biopharma and downstream in the MSO platforms as well as benefiting from those customer wins that Jason referenced earlier.

Next question please.

Our next question is coming from Allen Lutz of Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thanks for taking the question. I guess I'll kind of flip Lisa's question and ask you, are you seeing any script headwinds from consumer weakness related to tariff concerns and the weaker macro? Wondering if any consumers are pulling back on prescriptions, or has the growth really been resilient across the board. Thanks guys.

Yes. Nothing in particular, no. And while we're just into the first month of the next quarter, there's no trend changes that we see kind of real time here as well. And when you go back in time to some of the more significant types of macro events like the Great Recession, to use an extreme example, even in that environment, we saw pharmaceutical demand remain quite resilient. So we are privileged to be in an industry that typically does not see significant volatility in the face of especially more minor type of macro events. The more significant they get, there could be some impact. But it's not consistent with what we've seen historically being a very cyclical type of industry. And another key point with all of that is beyond just the lack of cyclical nature of it, this is an industry that does have very favorable secular trends. You've heard me talk quite a bit about whether it's the demographics or the innovation that continues to be the lifeblood of this industry. That does continue and will continue under any type of macro scenario event. And so we're feeling really good about the setup for the industry and our role specifically.

Next question please.

We will now go to Elizabeth Anderson of Evercore ISI. Please go ahead.

Thanks for the question. This is Joanna for Elizabeth. So I think we know Cardinal brand revenue is about one-third of total GMPD revenue. Can you give us an update, what's the AOI percentage? And what percentage of Cardinal Health branded do you expect to recover about USMCA? Thank you.

I believe the question was about the profit mix of Cardinal Health brand, and we do not disclose revenue information.

Right. So the only information that we'll provide is revenue-based and roughly $4 billion of our GMPD revenue is from Cardinal Health brand. It is clearly a higher margin relative to national brands, but we are not going to break out the specific pieces there. Aaron highlighted in his comments that we did see good volume growth for Cardinal Health brand overall being at 3%, but when normalized for FX and a number of operating billing days that was closer to 5%. And that was led by our most important categories within Cardinal brand or leader categories that do have higher margin and the types of products that we are investing most into.

And it's also the case that our team is very focused on wherever appropriate, pursuing the USMCA and exemption protocols. And the team is focused there and we've been deploying new tools to ensure that we are mitigating tariffs wherever possible based on those exemptions.

Next question please.

Thank you. We'll now move to Eric Percher of Nephron. Please go ahead.

Thank you. I'll take the tariff question a slightly different angle. So if we look at the one-third of Cardinal brand, could you speak to what is required there to offset the exposure that you have? And when you speak to $200 million to $300 million incremental, how does the action to offset for Cardinal brand differ from national brand? And is there a general expectation of ability to pass that on if needed, at national brand versus more responsibility for offset falling to you at Cardinal brand?

Yes. Of the remaining $200 million to $300 million, the majority of that given the significant operational actions and the other several hundred million, so more than 50% being mitigated, plans are already in place. Given that, that is already after those mitigation actions, we would anticipate the majority of that $200 million to $300 million to be in the form of pricing. So we're already kind of working through the operational aspects and getting to that remaining component. We'll continue to look for opportunities to minimize that as much as possible, but that is the underlying assumption that we're basing that on. Within national brand and that component of your question, that's largely a pass-through. And so there will be some short-term type of noise that goes along with that. But it's largely a fee-for-service type of relationship. And so the pricing we are talking about, the vast majority of it would be on the Cardinal Health side of it.

Next question please.

We'll now go to Michael Cherny of Leerink Partners. Please go ahead, your line is open.

Hi, good morning. Congrats on a nice quarter. Just want to come back to the tariff question, especially as you think through the starting point for fiscal '26. I appreciate the update. I think it was $200 million to $300 million expected tariff impact at this point in time that you're obviously working to mitigate. As you think about where GMPD sits as a jumping off point, should we think about, based on what you know now at least, that being the max impact and that the new update both, a is a framing of the downside; and b, is much more tariff oriented than anything else? It seems like everything else on the GMPD recovery still seems to be on track. So just trying to bridge the delta from previous versus current views and figure out how much precisely of that is specifically the net impact of tariffs.

Yes. The more significant part certainly the majority of it will be in the form of the tariff impact that flows through. I think about it, just let's start with kind of puts and takes from '25 to '26. We would anticipate all the things that we've been talking about and the drivers of the business this year continuing. So we anticipate continued growth with Cardinal Health brand, largely driven by the underlying industry, but continued improvements in underlying mix as well as our ongoing cost reductions. You heard from Aaron that we made further reductions in our headcount here in the third quarter to ensure that we are doing our part to mitigate this as much as possible. But then that will be offset to some degree with the impact in the near-term that we do anticipate from the portion of the $200 million to $300 million that is not passed along in the form of pricing. So those are the puts and takes that are the key contributors to that and very consistent with the prior commentary we made about the underlying drivers of the business.

Next question please.

Next question will be coming from Kevin Caliendo of UBS. Please go ahead.

Thanks for taking my question. I want to shift actually over to the potential pharma tariffs and how to think about the impact to you guys and how it impacts the chain. Like do you have enough comfort contractually that you, as a distributor and a purchaser of the drug, can pass through whatever the ingredient cost tariff is to pharmacies? And is there a potential opportunity here for you? Is there any potential risk? Just trying to understand how the process might work and how you fit into that and how it affects your financials.

Yes, certainly. As a distributor with a 1% margin, we have lower risk in our pharmaceutical business. We typically take ownership of the products in the United States, which is important for our customers and ultimately for patient affordability. We closely monitor any changes to pharmaceutical pricing. I am confident in our business model, which has evolved over the years, but the core value we provide in safely and efficiently delivering these products has remained constant, regardless of price changes or tariffs. We have seen in the past, such as with insulin price reductions, that the value we deliver remains unchanged, and accordingly, we expect our compensation to also stay unchanged. While we cannot predict exactly what will transpire in the future, we are optimistic about our contracts and the overall business model. The historical context shows that our value is recognized and rewarded by our customers through ongoing arrangements. While your question focused on pharmaceuticals, I want to mention that our other businesses have similar discussions and structures. For instance, OptiFreight has minimal direct exposure. We are confident about the 95% of our segment profit generated by four out of five of our businesses. We will actively manage these areas to ensure we are meeting the needs of our customers and patients while also maintaining strong business models across these four divisions. We will continue our efforts to mitigate any impacts related to GMPD.

Next question please.

We'll now move to George Hill of Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead, your line is open sir.

Good morning, everyone. Thank you for taking my question. I wanted to ask about the margin expansion in the pharmaceutical sector. Aaron, it seems we have been experiencing margin growth in pharma even with the increased sales in specialty and brand drugs. Could you help clarify the contributing factors to this margin expansion? Specifically, how do you rank the impacts of acquisitions, new customer growth, and the generics program against the challenges of client loss and the effects of changing mix in brand and specialty? I would appreciate any insights on the positive and negative drivers behind this margin expansion.

Thank you for your recognition of our efforts. The pharma team has intentionally focused on increasing our gross margin. The factors you mentioned are indeed the right ones, as we continue to prioritize the growth of the specialty segments of our portfolio. This area of our business has higher margins and is expanding at a much faster rate than our core, lower-margin segments. The addition of higher-margin revenue streams through the MSOs is aiding this growth, although it’s still early for us considering the recent timing of the benefits. All these elements are converging to enhance our gross margin. Additionally, I should highlight our satisfaction with the team's management of our SG&A expenses. As a 1% business overall, we are keen on managing both aspects of the P&L. I want to point out that if you exclude the SG&A additions from acquisitions, our SG&A actually decreased this quarter. This reflects our commitment to preparing the business for long-term success as we move forward.

Next question please.

Next question is from Eric Coldwell of Baird. Please go ahead.

Thanks very much. A quick one here on the mention of taking advantage or at least looking at the exemption protocol on tariffs. I'm curious, one, do you have Nairobi protocol protections in place today for any of your products? Two, could you give us a sense on what types of products you think would be most applicable? And then three, what is the process? Do you simply say, discounts, we're not going to pay a tariff? Or do you actually have to get affirmation from U.S. Customs before doing so? Thanks very much.

For a little bit of perspective, a little without going too far, which is we do actually have some protections in place as the tariff discussion has continued. As I said earlier, our team has continued to lean into where the existing protections are and what additional products may be benefited by exemption protocols. And so that is part of the team's ongoing efforts as well as we assess the broader portfolio. We are not going to identify today because it is broadly immaterial to interpret at an enterprise level for us. But just take away that the team is turning over every rock in an attempt to identify where we have those opportunities.

Yes. What I would add is consistent with what Aaron was saying, just to give you a little more color. It is something we've used for the last couple of years, so it is not new to us, and it's covered hundreds of different products SKUs that we have. So we have a pretty good understanding of it, and we will continue to monitor very closely any ongoing evolution and usage of it.

Next question please.

Next question will be coming from Erin Wright of Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Can you provide more details about the customer onboarding process related to the new customer wins? Is there anything new to highlight in that area? Additionally, how should we view this in relation to the growth in the pharmaceutical sector and the timing of the onboarding process? How is it progressing compared to your expectations at this time? Thank you.

Yes. There are always puts and takes to any new customer onboarding, but we did reaffirm the $10 billion of incremental new customers for this year. I did comment just briefly in my earlier comments, but to repeat it here. Onboarding did begin in the second quarter. But when you look at the $10 billion, it is spread fairly evenly between the third and fourth quarter in terms of the biggest impact. So it started in Q2 and now has gotten to the full rollout of those customers that we anticipate for the remainder of this year. But like I said, there are puts and takes, but we feel very good about certainly the benefit that we are seeing and the current year being consistent with what we thought.

Next question please.

We will now move to Daniel Grosslight of Citi. Please go ahead.

Hi everyone. Thank you for the question. I wanted to explore more deeply the process of implementing price increases to counteract some of those GMPD tariffs. From what many large health systems have publicly shared regarding their supply costs, it appears they believe that a significant portion of these costs will remain fixed for at least the next year. Most publicly traded companies seem to agree that about 70% of their supply costs are fixed. I'm interested to know from your viewpoint how much of the price increases you plan to implement are contractually required and how much will you need to make the case that if these prices aren't accepted, you won't be able to supply them. Additionally, regarding the $200 million to $300 million in gross tariff costs, what percentage do you anticipate can be alleviated through these price increases?

Yes. I mean, I will touch on the last piece first. The majority of the $200 million to $300 million is pricing and that's after all those other actions. And I'm not sure we are all saying anything that's too significantly different from one another. Because as I indicated, the vast majority of what we're doing here is through other non-pricing actions to minimize that impact. And we are going to work very collaboratively with our customers to find solutions. Some product categories are absolutely overweighted from low-cost overseas locations that carry with them very low margins. Those are the products that are the most difficult and costly to bring into other locations. When you think about the profile of where we take our product, as I mentioned in the past, only about 10% of our product comes out of China. Well why that 10% still exists is that it is incredibly low-cost, more commoditized types of products or some other reason that makes it more challenging to be able to resource. That type of product cannot be resourced easily elsewhere or we would already do that. So there are exceptions to all that, and not every product is going to see price increases, not every product is going to see the same level of price increases. And our primary focus is to find something that works for us. That is not creating significant losses for the business while ensuring that we protect most importantly, for the supply of those critical products to our customers.

Next question please.

We will now move to Ryan Rhyee of TD Cowen. Please go ahead sir.

Thank you for your question. I wanted to discuss fiscal '26. You are aiming for double-digit EPS growth despite the potentially challenging macro environment. When considering the five businesses you operate, with three in the other segment, it appears that four out of five are performing well and should be relatively shielded from tariffs. As we analyze what drives this double-digit growth, you've provided some guidance on GMPD, with more details possibly coming. Is it accurate to say that the pharma segment will be the main contributor in fiscal '25, especially when excluding M&A impacts and customer shifts? It seems that the underlying growth, particularly in consumer spending, suggests that GMPD might not be the primary driver at this stage.

Great question. Let me offer some more perspective. Obviously, we are not yet done with our fiscal '25 and our budgeting efforts are still underway, and we are working hard to get ready for our Investor Day in a mere 6 weeks. But we thought it was important to provide some perspective on '26 today just given the broader macro environment, which is very, very dynamic. Look, if you think back to what Jason said at the start of our call, we have momentum in our business broadly at the enterprise level. The businesses tend to be very resilient as well. And as a result, we believe the basket of businesses we run are positioned to continue to grow in fiscal year '26. And we were purposeful in calling out the double-digit EPS growth next year which is really the combination of the various profiles that our businesses have. There is not a lot terribly different between how you heard me describe pharma, positive utilization, continued generics program performance consistent market dynamics, strong growth in specialty, upstream, downstream, the benefit of the customer wins. That is all contributing to that double-digit EPS growth next year. Similarly, on the other businesses, the three businesses that we've revealed more to the outside world in the last 18 months right, continued strong demand there. And we continue to invest in all three of those businesses to certainly support and grow the revenue and profit growth within those businesses as well. And all three businesses have secular tailwinds that have contributed to their performance so far this year and that we expect to continue on into the business as well. And as you pointed out, we can't forget about the M&A, right? GIA, they announced two acquisitions yesterday. They are doing what they said they were going to do or what we said we were going to do when we announced the deal. And with ADSG having closed 29 or 30 days ago, we are very pleased with how that integration is already operating. So that will also be a contributor there. And so really just net-net, as we think about the puts and takes that Jason has called off with tariffs on GMPD, we were purposeful in calling out that we expect that business to perform at least consistent with fiscal '25. We view that as a positive sign. It's driven in no small part by just the sheer operational execution and the level of detail at which that team has been operating now for the last couple of years, their ability to also handle the tariff environment. When you put all those pieces together, that's what's bringing us to the double-digit EPS growth for next year. And I promise we will provide more details at our Investor Day in six weeks.

Next question please.

We'll now move to Steve Baxter coming from Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.

Hi, I appreciate all of the tariff discussion. I was hoping that you could just maybe be a little bit more descriptive about what level of tariffs are actually considered in this growth estimate that's being discussed. I mean for example, for China, is this the full 145%? I guess for the rest of the world, is it the current 10%? Or are you assuming something closer to what was proposed on Liberation Day? And I guess, how do we think about what happens if there is to be some moderation for example, in the China tariffs at some point over the next several months? I guess like what happens to the price increases that you'll be putting through? Are you needing to agree to reverse those if the tariff situation changes? I would love to just to understand that dynamic a little bit better. Thank you.

Yes. There's a lot there. So the short answer is this is absolutely based upon what we understand literally today. So as everything evolves, we've got a great process and model set up to be able to manage this real time. There is a lot of game theory that goes into trying to answer the second part of your question because it's not just the tariff rates. It's the relative tariff rates. Because the types of products that we have outside the United States tend to have a profile that are more commoditized, higher content of labor cost, things that under, I think, most likely scenarios for tariff rates would indicate that they are probably going to remain outside the United States. There are certainly some products that will continue to come into the U.S., like what we've already done with our syringes and other products. So we'll continue to look at the relative rates to determine what that is. And of course, make sure that we're working with our customers all along the way for supply to ensure that we are protecting them with that. We made good progress in getting more to North America and the United States in particular. We're now up to about one-third of our underlying value of production is coming out of the U.S. This is the single largest country in which we operate. And then secondary to that would be Mexico, so that the combination of North America is now over 50%. So we feel pretty good about our setup. We clearly have a very diverse global footprint that has served us well through this process. But it is not bulletproof to the extreme rates. And so as I mentioned before, that 10% in China is the biggest driver of tariff dollars. And so that will impact the math as we go forward.

Next question please.

We will now move to Brian Tanquilut of Jefferies. Please go ahead, sir.

Hey good morning guys. Maybe I'll just circle back to Kevin's question from earlier on potential pharma tariffs. If I think about historical trend, right, generic inflation was a benefit to drug distributors such as yourself. So just curious, I mean, if tariffs are pushed through for drugs, should that be inflationary? Or is there anything I'm missing in that thought process? Thanks.

Yes. We continue to look at it from a spread basis, and it is a matter of the buy and sell side and not just any one side of that. And so there have been some instances historically that you're talking about. There's also been plenty of instances where the two have moved in tandem as well. So we see consistent market dynamics that continues to be in the environment today, and we think it is prudent to assume that, that will continue going forward.

Next question please.

Thank you. And our last question will be coming from Steve Valiquette of Mizuho. Please go ahead.

Great. Thanks. Good morning. Thanks for taking the question here. So the company's ending inventory level on the balance sheet seemed pretty normal for a March quarter with some typical inventory drawdown during fiscal 3Q. Can you just remind us, is there any dynamic for this year where it makes sense for the company to procure higher levels of certain product inventory ahead of potential tariffs either in the pharmaceutical or medical segments? Or should we just assume fairly normal inventory levels for the company exiting fiscal '25 and into early fiscal '26, the way things stand right now? Thanks.

Yes. I think you should assume it's fairly normal. I did the math myself. I think we're up maybe like 8% in inventory, and it is obviously fairly in-line with overall growth that we’re seeing in much of the business. I did make some comments around some target aspects within GMPD. That’s an element of what we were managing through there. But I wouldn’t think about anything extraordinary that’s being done elsewhere in the enterprise. Because back to your math there, at $16 billion, that is less than 1 month’s worth of sales. And so if you try to escalate that quickly, it obviously creates an incredible burden on the balance sheet and cash flow. So we have to be able to manage within that.

And to that point, I’d be a bad CFO if I didn’t observe that cash flow remains a strong focus for us, and our teams are working hard to ensure that we’re optimizing our cash flow both in fiscal ‘25 and years going forward. And we’ll talk more about that at Investor Day as well.

We have no further questions at this stage. I'd like to turn the call back over to Jason Hollar for any additional or closing remarks. Thank you.

Yes, thanks. Thanks for all the great questions and attendance here. Just real quick, really pleased, obviously, with the quarter shows the continued momentum that we have as a business, but also very pleased with the underlying strategy progression that we're seeing. Bringing these new businesses underneath the Cardinal Health umbrella has been fantastic. Everything is at least what we had anticipated, the people probably the best part of it. We see this being really great drivers of our longer-term growth. And just again welcome the ADSG team with us, and continue to look forward to working with all the other new entrants as well. All right. Take care.

Thank you very much. Ladies and gentlemen, that will conclude today's conference. Thanks for your attendance. You may now disconnect. We wish you a good day, and goodbye.