Good day. And welcome to the Third Quarter 2024 Nabors Industries Earnings Conference Call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. After today’s presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to William Conroy, Vice President of Corporate Development and Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining Nabors' third quarter 2024 earnings conference call. Today, we will follow our customary format with Tony Petrello, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer; and William Restrepo, our Chief Financial Officer, providing their perspectives on the quarter’s results, along with insights into our markets and how we expect Nabors to perform in these markets. In support of these remarks, a slide deck is available, both as a download within the webcast and in the Investor Relations section of nabors.com. Instructions for the replay of this call are posted on the website as well. With us today, in addition to Tony, William and me, are other members of the senior management team. Since much of our commentary today will include our forward expectations, they may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties as disclosed by Nabors from time-to-time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. As a result of these factors, our actual results may vary materially from those indicated or implied by such forward-looking statements. Also, during the call, we may discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as net debt, adjusted operating income, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted free cash flow. All references to EBITDA made by either Tony or William during their presentations, whether qualified by the word adjusted or otherwise, mean adjusted EBITDA, as that term is defined on our website and in our earnings release. Likewise, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, references to cash flow mean adjusted free cash flow, as that non-GAAP measure is defined in our earnings release. We have posted to the Investor Relations section of our website a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most recently comparable GAAP measures. The presentation accompanying today’s discussion includes important disclosures that apply to this call. Please also note this call does not constitute an offer to sell or buy or the solicitation of any offer to buy or sell any securities, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities law of any such jurisdiction. No offering of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act of 1933. In connection with the proposed transaction, Nabors and Parker intend to file a registration statement on Form S-4 with the SEC, which will include a joint proxy statement and a prospectus. Nabors and Parker will file other documents regarding the proposed transaction with the SEC. Before making any voting or investment decisions, investors and security holders of Nabors and Parker are urged to carefully read the entire registration statement and joint proxy statement and prospectus when they become available, as well as any amendments or supplements to these documents because they will contain important information about the proposed transaction. With that, I will turn the call over to Tony to begin.

Good morning. Thank you for joining us today. Before I comment on Nabors’ results and the outlook, I would like to make a few comments about the acquisition of Parker Wellbore. I have stated that we are excited about the combination of our companies. Parker’s portfolio of businesses and geographic footprint fit neatly into Nabors. We believe the acquisition accelerates our strategy, particularly in our Drilling Solutions segment. We see excellent growth prospects at Parker, especially for Quail Tools. And in economic terms, we think this deal will benefit all Nabors shareholders, including Parker’s current owners, as the market recognizes the transaction’s value and merits. Now, I will discuss our results and outlook. Adjusted EBITDA in the third quarter totaled $222 million. This was in line with our expectations. Margin in our International segment exceeded the $17,000 mark. Daily margins in the U.S. Lower 48 remained above the $15,000 mark. Adjusted EBITDA in our Drilling Solutions segment increased sequentially by 5.7%. This performance was driven primarily by growth in our International business and a positive mix shift in the U.S. I will begin my detailed remarks with comments on the International markets. For Nabors, the International markets remain a source of strong growth. Our prior rig awards are progressing into deployments and incremental EBITDA. I note that we have three more International rigs expected to start by the end of 2024. We also have a considerable number of pending deployments in 2025 and beyond, which I will detail shortly. And the prospect for additional tenders and awards is robust. This provides the opportunity for us to be selective. We will only pursue the most attractive incremental projects. Turning to the U.S. market, I am pleased with our resilience in pricing and rig count. End-to-end, Lower 48 industry activity increased by six rigs over the course of the third quarter. The average Lower 48 industry rig count decreased by approximately 3% sequentially. In this Lower 48 industry environment, leading-edge pricing for high-performance rigs remains stable. This market supports our daily rig margins at historically attractive levels. Our global average rig count was essentially in line with the previous quarter at 159. Our average International rig count increased slightly while the U.S. rig count declined modestly. Nabors Drilling Solutions and Rig Technologies segments generated combined EBITDA of more than $40 million. Together, their total EBITDA increased from the previous quarter. As you may know, increasing the proportion of the CapEx-light segments is an important component of our strategy. In fact, as a portion of the company's consolidated EBITDA, their contribution increased to 18.3%. Next, I will make some comments on the five key drivers of our results. I’ll start with our International Drilling business. The International Drilling market continues to show broad strength. We see this across most of our important geographies and in some where we are not currently active. We are encouraged by the substantial number of pending opportunities for additional rigs. In this market, we will choose carefully, pursuing only the most attractive prospects, namely those that enable us to generate high returns and meet our free cash flow objectives. Next, I’ll recap the developments in our International business. In the third quarter, we deployed the last of our four-rig award in Algeria. These deployments were accomplished in a capital-efficient manner by reactivating four of our idle rigs in the country. We have another four idle rigs in Algeria. We are optimistic to activate a number of those in the near term. During the fourth quarter, we also expect to commence operations with two of the three previous rig awards in Argentina. Similar to Algeria, we are putting idle rigs to work. In the case of Argentina, the rigs are coming from the U.S. The third rig should start in early 2025. In addition, we expect substantial Drilling Solutions content on all of the rigs. In Kuwait, we have started upgrading the rigs for the three awards we announced earlier. Each of those rigs is currently in-country. All three are on a schedule to deploy in early 2025. In Saudi Arabia, we have a number of items to update. First, I am sure you have seen reports of rig suspensions in the kingdom. SANAD, our joint venture with Saudi Aramco, has received notice to suspend operation of three rigs out of 51. Two of those suspensions began early in the fourth quarter. Their stated duration is one year. At the same time, SANAD continues to add rigs under its newbuild program. I previously mentioned the seventh SANAD newbuild spud in early July. Also, at the end of the third quarter, the eighth commenced operations. The ninth is on schedule to deploy later this quarter. Another five are expected in 2025 and one more should start at the beginning of 2026. Next, I will discuss our performance in the U.S. Daily rig margins in our Lower 48 fleet remain robust above the $15,000 mark. This performance reflects the resilient market for our high-performance rigs and the value they generate. Our focus remains on the portion of the market that demands performance, and increasingly, automation. The growth in long lateral wells is an excellent illustration of this focus. Recently, we have drilled a number of laterals in excess of four miles. Multiple operators across basins are extending their lateral lengths. With our advanced fleet, we are in an excellent position to enable clients to complete their increasingly challenging wells. Our approach to pricing continues to be resolutely disciplined. That combination is yielding attractive financial results and generating significant free cash flow. My earlier comments and our reporting on Lower 48 daily rig economics do not include any contribution from NDS. In addition to our rig margin, NDS generates significant margin on its own. I’ll discuss this in more detail in a moment. Next, let me discuss our technology and innovation. In the third quarter, NDS International revenue and EBITDA were each up sequentially. NDS International margin expanded and EBITDA grew by more than 10%. Our results in these markets are validating our strategy. Driven by that International performance, overall, NDS EBITDA met our expectations. Now, I’ll discuss the Lower 48 market specifically. The average daily margin from our Drilling and Drilling Solutions businesses combined was $18,700 in the third quarter. Of that, NDS contributed $3,618 per day. This measure, NDS Lower 48 daily margin, increased sequentially. During the quarter, we saw a shift in the mix of our NDS services, as well as increased penetration on native rigs in the Lower 48. Higher installations of our performance software and our automation suite in particular drove this growth. We saw expansion in the following automation systems: SmartSLIDE directional control, SmartNAV directional guidance and SmartDRILL drilling process automation. During the quarter, we also saw third-party growth in NDS SmartROS rig operating systems and ROCKit drill pipe oscillation software. Our results for the third quarter validate our strategies. We are expanding our International Drilling rig presence and increasing the penetration of our automation software across our markets. Next, let me make some comments on our capital structure. During the quarter, we continued to work on our debt maturity profile through the issuance of seven-year notes. As of now, the weighted average maturity of our notes stands at approximately four and a half years. Nabors has delivered over $80 million of free cash flow through three quarters net of $128 million of CapEx supporting the SANAD newbuild program. Heading into our strongest quarter of the year in terms of cash generation, we expect to retire debt with our free cash. I’ll finish this part of the discussion with remarks on sustainability. Our energy transition portfolio focuses on improving operational performance and reducing emissions. Once again, in the third quarter, these solutions contributed to the results of our Rig Technology segment. The PowerTAP module, which connects rigs to the grid, remains the largest contributor to our energy transition business. The first PowerTAP unit in Argentina is slated to begin work in the next couple of weeks. Operators in several other international markets have expressed interest in units. We are optimistic that interest will translate into sales. Next, I will discuss the rig pricing environment. Our third quarter results in the Lower 48, once again, showed resiliency and leading-edge market pricing. We remain disciplined in our approach. As well, our competitors continue to recognize the imprudence of chasing market share with discounting in a flat market. In the International market, we have visibility to additional near-term rig awards. They are spread across geographies, including Asia, MENA, and Latin America. These markets are seeking as many as 40 rigs. The opportunities are located in countries where we work currently or that we consider attractive. Pricing in the International markets continues to have an upward trend. We surveyed the largest Lower 48 clients at the end of the third quarter. Our survey covered 15 operators, comprising approximately 46% of the Lower 48 industry's working rigs at the end of the quarter. The latest survey indicates this group’s year-end 2024 rig count will be somewhat lower than the total at the end of the third quarter. The expected decline results from a combination of merger-related consolidation and the wind-down of certain drilling programs. Our survey is skewed toward the larger operators, including those that have participated in the recent industry consolidation. For the International market, our view remains bullish. We are on track to add three rigs in the fourth quarter of 2024. With these additions and factoring in the suspensions in Saudi Arabia, we expect to end the year with 85 international rigs working. As we look to 2025, we have nine rig awards that are scheduled to deploy during the year: five newbuilds in Saudi Arabia, one activation in Argentina and three activations in Kuwait. In addition to the nine I just mentioned, we have identified a significant number of incremental opportunities, so stay tuned. Next, I will share a couple of highlights from the quarter, in addition to those we announced in the press release. The common thread in all of our highlights is the strong element of our advanced technology solutions. An operator in the Uintah Basin drilled what it believes is the record 3-mile lateral in that basin. This was accomplished on a third-party rig. It ran NDS’ SmartCRUISE AutoDriller, REVit’s stick-slip mitigation, and SmartDRILL process automation. This well is a notable example of NDS’ opportunity to drive value for our customers. Another operator drilled the three fastest wells in the Powder River Basin. Using NDS’ SmartDRILL on a third-party rig, this project illustrates the repeatability of the NDS value creation. It further demonstrates NDS’s success targeting the third-party rig market. Now, let me turn the call over to William, who will discuss our financial results.

Thank you, Tony, and good morning, everyone. Our third quarter drilling rig activity was stable, both in the U.S. and in International markets. NDS results were strong, reflecting growing International activity, particularly in casing running. Our data and software offerings also increased in the U.S. and International markets. Rig Technology is generally lagged, driven by sluggish sales in the U.S. market. The trends we’ve experienced should continue into the fourth quarter. U.S. Lower 48 drilling rigs should remain stable with similar rig count and pricing and International will continue to expand with three additional rigs deployed in Saudi Arabia and Argentina. SANAD was affected by the drilling reductions in Saudi Arabia. During the quarter, we were notified that three of our 51 rigs were scheduled for 12-month suspension, starting in the fourth quarter. I will point out, though, that the suspended rigs are substantially lower margin performers as compared to the new deployments. There has been no indication of further suspensions and the cadence of newbuild deployments remains unchanged. We expect fourth quarter increases in NDS activity in both U.S. and International markets. Rig Technology is expected to improve as increased deliveries of equipment are forecast for the fourth quarter. Revenue from operations for the third quarter was $732 million, essentially in line with the prior quarter. Our U.S. Drilling segment decreased by $5 million. In terms of activity, Lower 48 revenue days were around the same level as the prior quarter, but as we forecast, revenue per day for the fleet fell as contracts continue to roll into the current rate. Lower 48 revenue decreased by 1.7%. Average daily revenue for the third quarter came in at $34,812, a sequential decrease of $522. Leading-edge pricing held up well. On our latest contract, revenue per day has remained at the low to mid-$30,000 range. This level has held since the beginning of 2023. Revenue from our International segment increased by $11.9 million or 3.3% for the quarter. In Saudi Arabia, we successfully deployed the eighth newbuild rig and we started one more rig in Algeria, bringing our total working count to four in that country. Our remaining working rig in Kuwait finished operations during the third quarter. It is currently being prepared for its new contract. It should resume operations in early 2025, along with two other rigs. Nabors Drilling Solutions revenue of $79.5 million declined sequentially by $3.4 million or 4.1%. Healthy revenue increases in International NDS and in performance software globally were more than offset by reduced activity in U.S. land, primarily in our lower-margin business lines. Compared to the third quarter, NDS increased International revenue by 8.3%. Revenue in our Rig Technology segment at $45.8 million fell by $3.7 million, driven by lower deliveries of capital equipment and spare parts in the U.S., as well as a drop-off in energy transition. Now, turning to EBITDA and the outlook. Total EBITDA improved by $3.7 million to almost $222 million in the third quarter, a 1.7% increase. U.S. Drilling EBITDA of $108.7 million was down by $5.4 million or 4.7% sequentially, driven primarily by our Lower 48 business. In the Lower 48, our 68 average rigs were just below the prior quarter, but they were a couple of rigs below our expectations, as we saw no increases in general market activity and our churn remained high. Average daily rig margins came in at $15,051, down $547 from the second quarter and essentially in line with our forecast. This reduction was driven by a similar decrease in our revenue per day. For the fourth quarter, we project our Lower 48 daily margins at $15,000, as our fleet average pricing converges with our leading edge day rates. We anticipate our rig count in this market to remain at about 68 for the fourth quarter. Our forecast is dependent on stable oil prices, a similar level of churn and stability in the Lower 48 market. On a net basis, Alaska and the U.S. Offshore businesses performed somewhat better than we anticipated. In the third quarter, the combined EBITDA of these two operations was $20.8 million. In the fourth quarter, combined EBITDA for these two markets should increase by approximately $1.5 million, driven by increasing activity in Alaska. International EBITDA at $116 million was up $9.6 million or 9%, despite only slight growth in the average working rig count. Daily gross margin increased by over $1,000, from approximately $16,050 to $17,080. This improvement is somewhat ahead of schedule, and primarily reflects substantially better-than-normal results in Saudi Arabia, as well as increased contributions from the SANAD newbuilds. Saudi Arabia margins improved by almost $1,200. Latin America also did exceptionally well, improving by over $1,300 per day. Argentina benefited from performance bonuses and incentive contracts and Mexico experienced fewer low-margin moves between rigs than in prior quarters. Our fourth quarter forecast assumes the startup of the ninth SANAD newbuild rig and two deployments in Argentina, offset by the rig suspensions in Saudi Arabia. Rig count in the fourth quarter should remain somewhat level with the third quarter at 84 rigs. We anticipate average daily gross margins to come in at $17,000, in line with the third quarter. Our fleet mix should improve in the fourth quarter. However, the better-than-normal performance we experienced in several geographies will be tough to match. Drilling Solutions delivered EBITDA of $34.3 million in the third quarter, up 5.7% and gross margin reached 53%. Among product lines, the largest improvements were in casing running services, performance software and rig cloud. U.S. EBITDA was likely above the prior quarter, despite a material revenue decrease. In that market, our revenue mix was favorable, reflecting a higher proportion of performance software and data solutions revenue. At the same time, we experienced a decline in lower-margin wellbore placement activity. Internationally, EBITDA expanded by 12%, as our casing running services were particularly strong and our software revenue grew. NDS gross margin per day for the Lower 48 was $3,618, a 3.3% increase compared to the second quarter. This improvement took our combined drilling rig and solutions daily gross margin to approximately $18,700. For the fourth quarter, we are targeting higher NDS EBITDA by approximately 7% over the third quarter level. We expect increases in both International and U.S. markets. Rig Technologies delivered EBITDA of $6.1 million in the third quarter, compared to $7.3 million in the second. The decrease in EBITDA came primarily from lower sales of energy transition products and spare parts in the U.S. Capital equipment shipments also declined. Fourth quarter EBITDA should be in the range of $9 million to $10 million, reflecting several large equipment deliveries that slipped into the fourth quarter. Now, turning to liquidity and cash generation. In the third quarter, free cash flow totaled $18 million. This compares to free cash flow of $57 million in the second quarter. The third quarter included interest payments of approximately $82 million, as compared to $31 million in the second. A significant portion of these interest payments was related to the notes we issued towards the end of last year, with their initial coupon due eight months after issue. The extra two and a half months of interest equates to approximately $11.7 million. Capital expenditures of $118 million in the third quarter were $20 million below the preceding quarter. The third quarter included $37 million for the SANAD newbuild. Our target CapEx for the fourth quarter is now $230 million, with CapEx for SANAD newbuild now forecast at $105 million. The resulting annual CapEx forecast for 2024 is now $600 million. This includes $230 million related to the SANAD newbuild. In Saudi Arabia, SANAD rig supplier has improved its performance and manufacturing milestones. We now expect earlier delivery of newbuild rigs going forward. As a result, approximately $40 million of newbuild CapEx has now moved up into 2024. We’re targeting reductions in various geographies to offset this increase. Given SANAD newbuild CapEx shift into 2024, the recent rig suspensions by Aramco and a slightly lower U.S. activity in the fourth quarter, we now expect our 2024 free cash flow to end up between $100 million and $130 million. Last week, we signed an agreement to acquire Parker Wellbore. The transaction is well aligned with our long-term strategy. It grows our CapEx-light NDS business, it expands our international footprint and it helps us deliver Nabors. Additionally, Parker is expecting to provide meaningful EBITDA of $180 million in 2024, with attractive growth going forward. And finally, Parker comes with a low debt, clean balance sheet and has positive cash flow, even before targeted annual synergies of $35 million. We are excited with the addition of Parker to our existing platform. And with that, I’ll turn the call to Tony for his concluding remarks.

Thank you, William. I will now conclude my remarks this morning. Our performance in the third quarter met our expectations. We deployed additional rigs in our International markets and our advanced solutions continue to deliver industry-leading performance across the client base. With our pipeline of awards and additional opportunities, we have a clear path to strong expansion in our International segment. We believe this increased growth will drive this segment’s free cash flow significantly higher. With this expansion, the Drilling Solutions business has the potential to grow at a faster rate. NDS’ penetration internationally is accelerating. Operators there are increasingly looking to NDS’ achievements in the Lower 48 and see a path to duplicate that success. And as a final thought, the prospect of adding Parker expands the portfolio and essentially doubles the size of NDS. That concludes my remarks today. Thank you for your time and attention. With that, we will take your questions.

And our first question comes from Arun Jayaram with J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead.

Yeah. Good morning.

Sure. Well, first of all, I think there’s three principal areas. First is to layer up with existing rigs in jurisdictions like Alaska, both the O&M contracts and the maintenance for offshore rigs. That fits squarely with what we do today, and obviously, there are obvious cost synergies that are hopefully easily grabbed. So that’s in the base business. Then the two principal areas are, as you point out, the well construction, which presently is principally casing running. There’s some fishing in that as well. The casing running business has presences both in the U.S., Saudi and the UAE, which complement all markets for us as well. And there, as you know, we have a strategy of migrating to an integrated model, and so with that active base, we’re hopeful that we’re going to actually get higher margins out of that as we move them to a model where you use fewer people and more automation in carrying out those services. That’s the upside in that business as well. And combined, I think we’re a pretty significant player when we combine forces. And then the third is Quail, which is a bet on the longer laterals. Quail has a great reputation in the U.S. and has been coveted by many over the years. It’s always competed well against other competitors in the industry. I think the team has an established track record. There’s no question they’re first class. That’s a bet on the longer laterals, which we see continuing. You can see from our announcements today the success we have had. I think it’s clear that economically, operators are going to be driven to longer laterals. It makes more sense. And that’s a way for us to get more content per well with the longer laterals with what they do. When you combine it all, I think William can comment on capital intensity, but I think the Quail free cash flow number is historically 60% to 70% in that kind of range. Obviously, NDS itself is higher than that, which is one thing we covet, which is close to 85%, given its software mix. Part of our mission here is to drive at least a portion of that well construction activity to our model, which is a little more capital light than what they’ve done historically. That was the thinking behind it. Obviously, the price that we pay is a very attractive entry price and we think we have synergies on top of it, and it improves our financial metrics. When you work it through, I think it has a lot of industrial logic. So, with that, did I miss anything, William?

No. You said everything I would have said. But the one question that you asked about the capital intensity, the way we look at it is free cash conversion from EBITDA. And the quality of all of Parker’s EBITDA is quite high. In fact, given the proportions of what they do, it’s even a little bit better than our global free cash conversion. So, if you look at our legacy rig business, which excludes the newbuilds in Saudi Arabia and NDS, just a drilling rig business, our free cash conversion is about 47%. Quail comes with 60% to 70%. So, on a relative basis, it does improve our free cash conversion for the company as a whole and it does take our NDS footprint from 15% of the total to about 31% of the total, which is one of the objectives that we have longer term. We have said that we wanted to take NDS to about 20% to 25% of our total business for the obvious reasons. It is faster growth, and of course, it brings less CapEx than a traditional drilling rig business. But with Parker, we take that number from 15% to 31%. So, we are pretty happy with our transaction.

Two other follow-up comments on that. First, with respect to the number of shares on the transaction, obviously, it was an all-equity transaction. We think that had value to it because it does improve the various metrics, including our leverage, which we think is good. The whole transaction gives us size, which we think will eventually lead us to a path of re-rating us both from an investment bond rating, as well as a multiple rating on the transaction. That is the thinking. In terms of free cash flow, though, you should note that when you crank the numbers, the free cash flow per share today is accretive to free cash flow per share with the dilution on the transaction. That is number one. So, that, again, was part of our thinking. It does improve our free cash flow per share because of what William just said on the transaction. The other thing I would also tell you, to look at the fact that the deal does have a collar on it, and the collar was meant to protect Nabors shareholders. In fact, if people do realize the value of Nabors pre-this deal, like they should, because of what the combined company will trade at, if the deal trades at a multiple around what we’ve been trading at now, if you just crank the numbers, the stock price actually should be higher than what the collar price is and the actual number of shares would actually get cut down. So, that’s a protective device that was built into the transaction for the shareholders if they all recognize the value of the transaction. So, hopefully, you guys will do that when you write up an analysis of it. But it does work out that way and that’s another feature of the deal.

Great. Thanks for that additional color. That’s very helpful. Tony, I wanted to follow up on Slide 15 because I have gotten a few buy-side queries on the slide. And the broader context is how do we think about efficiency gains and how does that impact kind of your view of rig demand in 2025, because we’re quite surprised to see the ability to take a third off of well cycle times over the last four quarters. Obviously, it is using some of your technology. But could you give us a sense from a rig or efficiency gain perspective, what kind of drilling efficiency gains are you seeing on a year-over-year basis and what are the implications for Lower 48 demand in 2025, because the numbers are quite remarkable to be taking a third off of well cycle times this late in how mature U.S. shale is today?

Yeah. I do think there is a lot of diminishing returns on existing infrastructure that we have today. We’re approaching that with some operators where we have some very large independents that are first class in extracting all benefits and so they’re pushing the rigs awfully hard, and it’s hard to say that you’re going to see that kind of curve continue to develop. Now, obviously, everyone’s now focused on flat time. Flat time is the area that you want to really improve things on. From our point of view, obviously, the longer laterals and having rigs that can service the longer laterals change the economics of the well. And so, not necessarily meaning fewer rigs, but it changes the economics of the well, which is positive for us. The other thing I would say is from our point of view looking forward to create a competitive advantage for Nabors is we’ve invested in some technology to make the drilling process add more value to the overall well construction. By well construction, I mean including completion. So, some of the downhole tools now that we have, we’re hoping that operators are going to realize the potential of using them to help them actually gain information while drilling that will help them not only geosteer better and optimize that, but also help with the completion design. So, that’s the next leg to help attack, which is helping the operator realize better economics from the production side, the recovery and whatever we can do and put into our rigs to help that happen. We think that will be upside and that’s one of the things Nabors is focused on a little differently than other people right now.

Great. Thanks a lot.

I’ll make a comment on that too, Arun, because it’s a great question. I think back to the last peak around 2014, I think our margin per day peaked at about $11,000 and at the more recent peak, we peaked at $17,000. So, that’s a significant amount of value being delivered by a rig. And on top of that, we had over $3,000 of NDS revenue, which is specifically related to that value creation that Tony was talking about. So, we were comfortably above the $20,000, almost double the margins we were getting out of our rig platform than we used to get at the last peak. So, I think that shows that, yes, there’s efficiency, but we’re also benefiting from that efficiency ourselves. That means that with a lower capital investment, we’re getting a significant amount of return without having to invest in capital and that’s better for Nabors.

Very clear. Thanks a lot.

Thank you.

And our next question comes from Dan Kutz with Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Hey. Thanks. Good morning.

Good morning.

So, I just wanted to ask a question on Saudi pricing. As we’ve been getting this question from some investors and hearing some comments, you guys had flagged the three 12-month Saudi suspensions and that they were lower margin rigs. But just asking if there’s any chance you could comment on what we’ve been hearing that Saudi is kind of asking for pricing concessions from service companies. And then, I guess, regardless, just more broadly, we’d love to hear your comments on pricing and margin trends that you’re seeing in the International Drilling space? Thanks.

Let me give you some color on Saudi Arabia first. Saudi had about 55 rigs come down year-to-date, I think 28 offshore and 27 on land. As we noted, we had 51 and we have notice of three suspensions; two began early in the fourth quarter. We’re putting one back in the fourth quarter, so we’ll effectively have 49. On a relative basis, we’re in a very strong position. That strong position reflects the fact that today probably 80% of our rigs are on gas-directed wells. Secondly, most of our oil rigs are on recently extended four-year contracts. So, in terms of Nabors itself, we’re in a pretty good position. The driver there is the newbuild program, and there has been absolutely no change in rates or cadence of the newbuild program. Aramco is very committed to it and we’ll continue at the planned pace, which obviously in this kind of environment is a meaningful commitment. That explains in part why our free cash flow is taxed, because we are investing, as William said, $230 million in CapEx in newbuild rigs, and not many in the industry are doing that. Why are we doing that? We’re doing that because those rigs have long-term contracts that provide attractive returns and full payout, so it’s an attractive investment. At the end of the SANAD build program, you’re going to have significant opportunity, but that’s why we’re investing. In terms of the broader environment, I wouldn’t claim to have the inside track on Aramco, but I would observe that there’s concern that supply in the global market is high and there are dynamics around allocations. Also, Aramco has likely been surprised by the amount of condensate and oil-equivalent volume coming from gas drilling—significant volumes are now coming from gas-directed drilling—and that’s affecting sentiment. Another factor is fiscal pressures that may influence government priorities. Despite these dynamics, Aramco has treated its partners well, and we believe we are well positioned to deal with the environment.

So, a couple of comments on that. The 27 rigs that have been suspended is a little misleading because they are expanding unconventional activity. They have awarded about 14 rigs in unconventional and they have also awarded six more rigs to contractors like us. So, if you add those two numbers, it’s about 20. So, the reduction of 27 rigs on land is a bit misleading. They are cutting offshore a bit more. And we don’t think that the pricing issue will be an issue for us.

Got it. All really helpful and understood. Maybe just your comment on no change in the cadence of the SANAD newbuild program. You guys had the notes in the press release about how the SANAD rig supplier had improved its performance and was reaching manufacturing milestones sooner and then, ultimately, you guys expect earlier delivery of rigs going forward. Are we to understand that that might mean a pace faster than I think you have five slotted for next year? Is there potential that the pace can be faster than that?

We have four this year. The supplier has improved performance and manufacturing milestones, which means we expect better delivery timing. The steady-state pace is five newbuilds per year. We do not expect that pace to increase beyond five per year.

Yes, that’s correct.

Got it. And just one quick one. I think I’m fairly sure that this is pretty much out of Nabors' control. But any idea when you might receive the order for the fourth franchise of SANAD newbuild? Thanks.

2025 is all I can say.

Fair enough. All right. Thanks a lot. I’ll turn it back.

And our next question comes from Keith MacKey with RBC Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning. Just wanted to start out…

Good morning, Keith.

Just wanted to start out on the International rig margins. Certainly did very well this quarter with hitting the $17,000 mark. As you think about folding in some of these new SANAD rigs, some of these new Argentina rigs with the heavy NDS component and the removal of some of the lower margin rigs you have suspended in Saudi, can you just talk a little bit about how we should be thinking about daily rig margins through 2025 with all of that as context?

To be totally honest with you, I was surprised this quarter by how well International did. I did expect to see $17,000 in the fourth quarter based on the mix of rigs coming in and the improvements we’ve made, but we had excellent performance in a couple of geographies that moved the needle in the third quarter. If we repeated third quarter operational performance in the fourth quarter, we might expect higher than $17,000, which is our guidance. These things tend to average out, so I don’t think we’ll be as excellent as we were in the third quarter in those particular geographies. Also, we do have three rigs that are coming in, which creates some uncertainty in terms of uptime and costs we have to incur, so we have been cautious and put $17,000 for the fourth quarter. Going into 2025, as we add more SANAD rigs and hopefully get some more wins internationally, it’s possible that we could see higher margins than $17,000. We haven’t finalized the budget, but that’s something we’ll be looking at for next year.

That’s helpful. And you gave us some very good color on the rig market in Saudi Arabia. Curious if you could just give us a little bit more commentary on the general supply-demand balance you’re seeing internationally in the various regions. I know you mentioned you’re still bullish International, but can you maybe just talk about the main geographic regions, what the supply-demand balance looks like and maybe within the context versus the U.S. Lower 48, which is kind of a flattish market. How are the International markets in supply and demand versus the U.S. Lower 48 and how do you see that playing out through the next couple of quarters?

Topically by region: In Latin America we see about 15 opportunities spread between Colombia, Argentina and Mexico. Many rigs in those markets are not in usable form for modern, high-spec wells, which tends to drive pricing higher because of operator specifications—this is positive for us given our asset base. In MENA, away from Saudi, there are opportunities in Oman, Algeria and the UAE; many rigs on the ground require extra capital to be work-ready, which supports stronger pricing. In Asia, we see another five or six opportunities. So it’s a diverse set of opportunities and we intend to pick the most attractive ones. Given our assets, we can optimize and minimize capital while maximizing return and provide fit-for-purpose solutions to customers. That’s why we’re feeling good about the pipeline.

To add some color on the distribution, we see roughly 19 opportunities in MENA, 15 in Latin America and 16 in Asia.

Got it. That’s helpful. And maybe just one more. If we think about the capital for 2025, I’m sure it’s early to talk about, but maybe can you just talk a little bit about the pieces of the budget and do you see those pieces adding up to something meaningfully different than what you’d expect to spend in 2024, which is that $600 million number?

Next year, we’re going to deploy five rigs in Saudi Arabia versus four this year, so that will be a significant increase year-on-year. The SANAD-related CapEx is within the SANAD envelope, so while headline CapEx will look higher, much of that is SANAD-specific and doesn’t impact cash available outside SANAD. Outside SANAD, maintenance CapEx should be somewhat up, perhaps around a 10% increase. We will also have a higher number of rigs across the globe next year than this year. We don’t have the same number of new international opportunities contemplated for next year as we did this year, so incremental International contract-related CapEx may not be as high. We haven’t finalized the budget yet, but in summary, CapEx will likely be higher next year, with most of the increase driven by SANAD.

Got it. Thank you very much.

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to William Conroy for any closing remarks.

Thank you very much, everyone, for joining us today. If you would care to follow up, please just reach out to us. With that, we’ll conclude the call here.

The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today’s presentation. You may now disconnect.