Good morning and welcome to the Intellia Therapeutics' First Quarter 2023 Financial Results Conference Call. My name is Drew and I will be your conference operator today. Following formal remarks, we will open the call up for a question-and-answer session. This conference is being recorded at the Company's request and will be available on the Company's website following the end of the call. As a reminder, all participants are currently in a listen-only mode. I will now turn the conference over to Ian Karp, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications at Intellia. Please proceed.

Thank you, operator, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to Intellia Therapeutics first quarter 2023 earnings call. Earlier this morning, Intellia issued a press release outlining the Company's progress this quarter, as well as topics for discussion on today's call. This release can be found on the Investors & Media section of Intellia's website at intelliatx.com. This call is being broadcast live and a replay will be archived on the Company's website. At this time, I would like to take a minute to remind listeners that during this call, Intellia management may make certain forward-looking statements and ask that you refer to our SEC filings available at sec.gov for a discussion of potential risks and uncertainties. All information presented on this call is current as of today, and Intellia undertakes no duty to update this information unless required by law. Joining me from Intellia are Dr. John Leonard, Chief Executive Officer; Dr. David Lebwohl, Chief Medical Officer; and Glenn Goddard, Chief Financial Officer. John will begin with an overview of recent business highlights. David will provide an update on our clinical programs and Glenn will review financial results for the first quarter 2023 before we open up the call for Q&A at which time Dr. Laura Sepp-Lorenzino, our Chief Scientific Officer will also be available. With that, I'll now turn the call over to John.

Thank you, Ian, and thank you all for joining us this morning. At Intellia, we are continuing to lead the genome editing revolution with the broadest and deepest toolbox of novel editing and delivery solutions. We had a productive start to the year and the recent successful clearance to our first IND for an investigational in vivo CRISPR-based therapy. Alongside that regulatory accomplishment, we continue to make important progress across both our in vivo and ex vivo pipeline and platform. Today we're pleased to announce dosing has begun in the Phase 2 study of NTLA-2002 for the treatment of hereditary angioedema or HAE. Additionally, based on strong interest from investigators and patients, we expect to complete study enrollment in the second half of this year. Both the FDA's acceptance of our IND application and the rapid clinical progression of NTLA-2002 move us one step closer to our goal of introducing a permanent functional cure for people living with HAE. Simultaneously, we're working towards submitting our second in vivo IND. This next IND is through the planned pivotal trial of NTLA-2001 for people with cardiomyopathy manifesting from ATTR amyloidosis. Some estimates indicate there may be as many as 500,000 people who suffer from this disease around the world. Subject to regulatory feedback, we expect to initiate a global pivotal trial by year-end. Both NTLA-2001 and NTLA-2002 represent potentially paradigm-shifting treatments that are supported by the initial groundbreaking clinical data presented last year. As the first and only company to demonstrate successful systemic CRISPR gene editing in humans to date, we now look forward to presenting new interim data from each Phase 1 study at upcoming medical meetings later this year. Lastly, we're very happy to welcome Bill Chase to our Board of Directors. Bill brings over three decades of financial management expertise and a strong track record for building leading biopharmaceutical companies. He was formerly the CFO of AbbVie and spearheaded its successful spinout from Abbott Laboratories. Bill will succeed Caroline Dorsa as Audit Committee Chair following her retirement from the Board. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Caroline Dorsa for her long and dedicated service on Intellia's Board and her many contributions to the company's growth and success as its first Independent Director. We wish her well in her future pursuits. With that summary of the excellent progress we've made so far this year, I'll hand the call over to our Chief Medical Officer, David Lebwohl, who will review the lead clinical programs in greater detail. David?

Thanks John, and welcome everyone. I'll begin with an update for NTLA-2001, an in vivo CRISPR based candidate with the potential to halt and reverse disease in people living with ATTR amyloidosis after a single dose. As we shared back in February, we have now completed the planned enrollment in the dose expansion portion of the cardiomyopathy and polyneuropathy arms of the two-part Phase 1 study. Data from these expansion cohorts will be used to inform our dose selection decision for subsequent pivotal studies. For ATTR-CM, we remain on track to submit an IND application mid this year. We are currently in the process of preparing the IND package. Similar to NTLA-2002, we are putting together a robust filing, including extensive preclinical work and available clinical data. Subject to regulatory feedback, we plan to initiate the global pivotal study by year-end. For hereditary ATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy, we are preparing for a future Phase 3 study and discussions with regulatory authorities. Separately, we also recently began re-dosing patients who received the 0.1 mg/kg dose of NTLA-2001 in the dose escalation portion of the Phase 1 study. As you may recall, the first three patients in the first-in-human study received a relatively low dose. Our objective for testing this low dose in the first cohort of patients was primarily to examine the lower bounds of NTLA-2001's safety and activity profile. Patients in this cohort achieved a mean TTR reduction of 52% by day 28. This is in comparison to patients who achieved near or greater than 90% TTR reduction in the subsequent dose escalation cohorts. Patients who elect to receive a follow-on dose will receive a 55 mg dose, the fixed dose corresponding to 0.7 mg/kg. Finally, we plan to present additional data from both arms of the study this year. For ATTR-CM, we expect to include longer-term safety and durability data, as well as emerging clinical endpoints. I'll turn now to our second in vivo program NTLA-2002, our investigational therapy for the treatment of hereditary angioedema or HAE. Despite the availability of chronic treatments, people living with HAE face a high treatment burden and many still experience breakthrough attacks. With NTLA-2002, we aim to prevent attacks by providing lifelong reduction of plasma kallikrein activity with just a single dose. We were very pleased to announce in March that the FDA cleared the NTLA-2002 IND application. This was our first in vivo IND submission and the FDA's clearance within the initial 30-day review period speaks to the extraordinary work from the team here at Intellia. Importantly, this marks the first time the FDA has cleared an IND for a systemically administered in vivo CRISPR based candidate using LNP delivery. Shortly after IND clearance, we also received RMAT designation for NTLA-2002 for treatment of HAE. The FDA confers RMAT designation to certain promising therapeutic candidates and includes important benefits to expedite development and review. It is recognition by the FDA for our early clinical data and indicates that NTLA-2002 has the potential to address a serious unmet medical need for people living with HAE. The significant progress we've made with the NTLA-2002 program doesn't stop there. More recently, we have begun dosing patients in the global Phase 2 study. We've seen strong interest and enthusiasm from investigators and patients alike following our early clinical data suggesting NTLA-2002 may provide durable prevention of swelling attacks after a single dose. Today we announced that we expect to complete enrollment in the second half of this year. As a reminder, the goal of the Phase 2 study is to identify the dose to move forward into a future registrational trial. We look forward to presenting new additional data from the Phase 1 portion of the first-in-human study later this year. Data expected to be presented include new safety, durability, and attack rate measures from all three cohorts. As John mentioned, it's been a very productive first quarter, especially for the NTLA-2002 program. As NTLA-2001 and NTLA-2002 continue to progress, we believe that we are moving closer to setting a new standard of care for people living with these serious diseases. Beyond our two lead programs, we're advancing a pipeline of in vivo and ex vivo programs towards the clinic. Notably, we remain on track to submit an IND or IND equivalent for NTLA-3001, our first wholly owned in vivo insertion program in the second half of this year. I'll now hand over the call to Glenn, our CFO, who will provide an overview of our first quarter 2023 financial results.

Thank you, David. Good morning everyone. Intellia continues to maintain a strong balance sheet that allows us to execute on our pipeline and platform. Our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities were $1.2 billion as of March 31, 2023 compared to $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2022. The decrease was driven by cash used to fund operations of approximately $120.9 million. The decrease was offset in part by $12 million of interest income, $3.4 million of collaborator reimbursements, $1.5 million of net equity proceeds from the company's at-the-market program, and $0.8 million in proceeds from employee-based stock plans. Our collaboration revenue increased by $1.3 million to $12.6 million during the first quarter of 2023 compared to $11.3 million during the first quarter of 2022. Our R&D expenses decreased by $36 million to $97.1 million during the first quarter of 2023 compared to $133.1 million during the first quarter of 2022. This decrease was mainly driven by $56 million of expense related to the acquisition of Rewrite Therapeutics during the first quarter of 2022. This decrease was offset by an increase in expenses of $20 million driven by the advancement of our lead programs and personnel growth to support these programs. Our G&A expenses increased by $5 million to $27.4 million during the first quarter of 2023 compared to $22.4 million during the first quarter of 2022. This increase was primarily related to an increase in stock-based compensation of $2.1 million. Finally, we expect our cash balance to fund our operating plans beyond the next 24 months. There's certainly been a very productive start to the year, and we look forward to a number of additional key milestones and data presentations throughout the remainder of the year. With that, I will now open the call for your questions. Operator, you may now open the call for Q&A.

The first question comes from Joseph Thome with TD Cowen. Please go ahead.

Hi there. Good morning and thank you for taking my question. Maybe could you give us a little bit more of an indication in terms of what that ILAP designation means for the development program for NTLA-2002? And maybe just broadly, Peter Marks has obviously been a little bit more favorable in terms of accelerated approval for gene therapies in the U.S. Do you think this fits into gene editing and does this impact your development strategy at all? Thank you.

David, do you want to speak to the ILAP question and I guess more broadly the FDA's outlook as we see it for gene editing in the U.S.?

Yes, no, thank you. The ILAP designation refers specifically to the UK as mentioned. So this is a program in which they're trying to advance innovative therapies. I think we've talked to you in the past about how closely we have worked with UK authorities. They've been very interested in gene editing as a class and have been very helpful in moving our program forward. In this case, they officially have a program in which they make the designation for programs they think will be very valuable for their populations, and they help move along the approval process. This is fairly new. We don't know exactly how it's going to affect the advancement in the UK, but they have really taken a very innovative approach to trying to move this type of program forward. We've also noted that Peter Marks has been very positive towards more, more positive towards accelerated approvals for gene therapies. In general, we have talked about our registration programs. In these cases, we generally do think we need at least the randomized study because of the nature of assessing response to these diseases. But we will certainly talk to them about ways to accelerate the approval using the data that we are gaining in these studies.

Perfect. Very helpful. Thank you.

The next question comes from Maury Raycroft with Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning, and thanks for taking my question. For the IND filing mid-year for ATTR cardiomyopathy, you likely have to have a near final plan in place for this study when you file. But there are two key events in the space mid-year with Alnylam outcome and BridgeBio's Phase 3 outcomes data. I'm wondering, will you wait for those events to inform your IND or will you file and adjust if need be? I guess how are you thinking about the timing and strategy?

Hi, I'll take that, Maury. Thanks for the question. Our plan is to move forward as we've guided with the IND filing mid this year. We think that we have much of the information that we're going to need to move the program forward and it's the highest priority for us to get to an agreement on what that protocol is actually going to be in the U.S. with the FDA. So the sooner we move on that, the better for everybody.

Got it. Thanks for taking my question.

The next question comes from Yanan Zhu. Please go ahead.

Hi, thanks for taking my question. So I think you made this interesting comment that enrollment interest has been high for the NTLA-2002 HAE Phase 2 global study. I think one thing that has been mentioned by others is that HAE has fairly good standard of care at least in the U.S. And therefore, there has been a question of interest in receiving a one-time, once and done gene editing treatment. And can you comment on what you make of the strong interest that you have seen for this study and whether that, part of that interest includes developed markets like the U.S. market? Thank you.

Thanks. Yes, thank you for the question. We're seeing broad-based interest, really irrespective of geography. We are in developed markets. The IND obviously brings the program here to the U.S. and we've been really quite gratified by the clinical interest that we've seen from investigators. I guess the core of your question is why might that be? I think there's really a couple of very fundamental points that speak to the program. Number one, what we've seen thus far for efficacy is at least equal to what has been put out there by competing companies and perhaps surpasses that as we'll see as the program moves on. But I think one underappreciated factor for patients with HAE is that remember that they're frequently diagnosed when they're young and they require lifelong therapy. And that translates into what patients view as a very burdensome treatment regimen, whether it's infusions or the materials that they need to carry with them, and the uncertainty that they contend with as they go about their daily lives. So what we're seeing, and this is what both patients and physicians tell us, is that the prospects of dispensing with that therapy potentially and being essentially functionally cured, which means approximating disease-free status is something of great interest to the patients. We'll see as our Phase 1 data continues to mature, but that prospect is very, very exciting to patients. So stay tuned as the work goes on and we'll see how far we get to achieving those goals, but it's certainly something we've learned is alluring to patients.

Great to hear. Thanks for the update.

The next question comes from Dae Gon Ha with Stifel. Please go ahead.

Great. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. I'll switch gears to NTLA-3001, if I may. So, with regards to the IND plans, looking back at NTLA-2002 and your soon-to-be-filed NTLA-2001, overall IND experience, I guess, can you talk about your confidence in IND submission for that NTLA-3001 program and eventual clearance? I guess I'm just wondering, how much of this IND or IND equivalent decision will be driven by regulatory requirements as opposed to other considerations like the availability of standard of care in certain geographies? Thanks so much.

David, do you want to speak to how we're approaching the regulatory filings to begin clinical work with NTLA-3001?

Yes, so first recall with NTLA-3001 that would target the knock-in of the alantitrypsin gene. We're able to get what looked like normal levels in non-human primates. So we have seen a lot of enthusiasm from investigators to be able to start to use this therapy to test this therapy in people because of the potential that with the single dose, we would be able to achieve normal levels of the enzyme. Putting that together, this IND and that also motivates regulators, I should say, so that's what's important there.

The next question comes from Debjit Chattopadhyay with Guggenheim. Please go ahead.

John, David, maybe you can speak to some of the clinical information that we expect to share. I guess the question was specifically about some biomarkers. In the meanwhile, we can say that, yes the re-dosing is with the 55 flat dose. It's not going to be weight-based. What we're doing is following up these patients in the first cohort with the same dose that everyone else has been receiving in the expansion phase of the program. David, do you want to speak to some of the clinical information for NTLA-2001 that we expect to share this year?

Yes. What we're going to show from the trial is information from both the polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy arms. What we get, I think you know, is that we completed enrollment to the cardiomyopathy at the end of last year and the polyneuropathy early this year. So those patients will have had some follow-up as we move through the year. We haven't said exactly when that presentation will be, but that will be, it will be early for some patients who started in that late period. Of course, we have longer information on the patients in the trial who were in part one of the trial. In general, we will present safety and TTR results. Those come very quickly in the trial. So that will be available really for all patients. But the other measures like proBNP and cardio MRI of the heart do take longer. And of course, with the varying follow-up there'll be various degrees of follow-up in different patients. We do want to report data when there's substantial and complete information, so we can't say exactly what we're presenting right now, but we will come forward with the important information that we find.

Thank you.

The next question comes from Liisa Bayko with Evercore ISI. Please go ahead.

Hi there. Thanks for taking the question. I was really curious about your re-dosing strategy. Are you, is there anything specifically you're looking for, for this particular program or is it more a safety evaluation for other programs? How will you know if it's doing what you're expected, what are you looking for, if there's anything beyond safety? Thank you.

David, do you want to speak to that?

We believe that re-dosing is not necessary for either the TTR program or the HAE program. A single dose is adequate to achieve the desired outcome of over 90% reduction of TTR at the appropriate dosage. In the case of HAE, our observations at higher doses show an 80% to 90% reduction in the biomarker, along with complete elimination of events. Therefore, we do not anticipate the need for re-dosing, and we expect these effects to be permanent based on our current understanding. The re-dosing that is occurring is primarily for the benefit of patients who participated in our trial, especially those who were among the first worldwide to receive CRISPR-based in vivo therapy. We had committed to these patients that if their results did not meet our expectations, we would provide them with a re-dose. We established the feasibility of this in preclinical trials, and we are confident that administering the full dose will yield strong editing results similar to what we have seen in nonhuman primates. For our trial participants, we believe that administering 55 mg will help them achieve results comparable to those observed in other patients at higher doses. We have mentioned the potential for this approach to be useful in other indications, though we have not identified any at this time. There may be situations where re-dosing could be beneficial, perhaps for titration purposes, but we have not yet encountered such indications. It is reassuring to know that it is safe to administer the drug again, particularly outside of the liver, where we are exploring the necessity of additional doses. However, we have not yet observed that need in the liver.

Okay, makes sense. Thank you.

The next question comes from William Pickering with Bernstein. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thank you for taking my question. David, at an investor conference in March, you stated your expectation that the pivotal trial in cardiomyopathy could be smaller than others that we have seen. Could you share more about what gives you that confidence and how do you see that translating into study duration? Thank you.

Yes, so what I was indicating is that we have first the fact that because we're seeing deeper reductions in TTR, we expect to see better efficacy. That's the correlation that's been seen already for neuropathy and has been seen in other types of cardiomyopathy. These deeper reductions could translate into that better efficacy.

The next question comes from Joon Lee with Truist Securities. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning and thanks for taking our questions. This is mainly an inquiry about the ex vivo based editing, which is capable of multiplexing, very safe and efficient. So would you expect the same or similar efficacy in vivo? And if that's the case, would you choose base editing for your next in vivo candidate and if there are any notable considerations in this domain? Thank you.

Yes, thanks for the question. I think we should just go back to the basics here and think through how we approach programs. Remember, we have our platform where we've been aggregating tools that we think provide us the capabilities to address any specific gene editing necessary to go after a particular disease state. Obviously, we've built out a platform that starts with a deep understanding of CRISPR and what it can do in guide RNA formations. We've added to that the ability to do base editing, and we're well on our way to doing what we think is very advanced forms of gene writing. So we have a toolbox that we can draw on to address what we think is one of the most appropriate tools for whatever the particular disease might be. So if base editing were the right approach we would choose that. We think as we look at it today, that base editing is best suited for ex vivo uses when one is multiplexing which is inherent to some of the aspects of base editing in terms of its activity, but also how one goes about assessing its soft target effect. So I would look to our pipeline and say continues to develop to see where we deploy base editing. We think it has a place, but right now we're very, very excited about what our approach does and the diseases that we're currently advancing in the clinic.

Thank you very much.

The next question comes from Salveen Richter with Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.

Hi, thank you for taking my question. This is Shrinatra on for Salveen. Can you provide some color on how you're thinking about the trial design for the Phase 3 study in ATTR-CM? And what have you learned from your discussions with regulators on that front, and what do you think the FDA would like to see in a pivotal study?

David, how are you thinking about the Phase 3 program for cardiomyopathy?

Yes, thank you for that question. We think firstly to think about the primary endpoints of the trial, what's important to patients, what's important to the doctors and the payers, and we think that is the clinical benefit that you can achieve. So this is reducing cardiovascular events, reducing cardiovascular mortality. So first and foremost, what can this do for patients? In terms of the design of the trial, we do think it will be similar to the other trials that are out there. You've seen that tafamidis is part of the background therapy for many patients around the world, that continues to be a growing trend. We think that the fact that you'll be combining TTR reduction with stabilization certainly isn't antagonistic and possibly could be quite beneficial to patients. If you get, for example, with our drug down to less than 10% of the initial proteins to very low levels of TTR and you even want to avoid any of that drug, that protein getting into organs, the stabilization may be helpful there. We don't know at this point, but it certainly won't hurt. So what we want to see is a benefit over what's currently out there. So it will be obviously a randomized study looking at the benefit of NTLA-2001 in those patients. The size of the trial we do think will be similar to other trials. As mentioned, it could be somewhat smaller because of the greater treatment effect. However, we do need to learn from the ongoing trials. We've learned really from the APOLLO-B that that was probably too small a trial or too short of follow-up in order to see the full clinical benefit of the drug and so they did not really establish the clinical benefit with that type of trial. But we do think you need a good follow-up on patients as well as a probably a larger number of patients than the APOLLO-B. Luckily, we will be seeing the results of some of these trials before we unblind our trials. So this will also help us make sure that we have the right trial design as we go and unblind and get our primary endpoint for our trial. So those are the main features that we are looking to. We will gain agreement with regulators on that and then go forward to the trial starting later this year.

Thank you.

The next question comes from Brian Cheng with JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Hey guys, thanks for taking my question this morning. Given the genetic heterogeneity in AATD and the mix of associated clinical phenotype, is there a specific variant basket that you see more of a lower hanging fruit for NTLA-3001? In other words, would you exclude those that also have presentation of liver disease in your planned Phase 1 study for NTLA-3001? Thank you.

David, do you want to talk about just the basics of how we're thinking about the Phase 1 program for NTLA-3001?

Yes, so you're right that there are different varieties of Alpha-1 antitrypsin and some patients really have a very predominant lung issue, loss of function in the lung. Other patients have a predominant liver dysfunction, particularly some of the younger patients, and some patients have both. Going into a Phase 1 study, we would avoid patients who we think have liver disease in general because you're not treating it when you put in the new gene. You're not getting rid of the mutant gene in the initial program. Similarly, for our second program NTLA-2003, which knocks out the Z allele, this also would be predominantly for patients who have the liver disease as their main manifestation initially, of course, those patients later on can get lung disease as well. The advantage of our program is ultimately we will treat both aspects of the disease, not only liver but also lung disease, and that these drugs can be used together as we advance the program even further. But initially, that would be appropriate to avoid patients with liver disease.

Thanks, David.

The next question comes from Rick Bienkowski with Cantor Fitzgerald. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking the question. So for the Phase 2 program of Intellia 2002, given this is the first time that patients will be dosing in the U.S., could you just help us with the expectation for the patient of dosing here? Will you be required to space out the dosing for each of the patients in the initial U.S. cohort, or could you dose more rapidly given the safety data that was generated from the Phase 1 outside of the U.S.?

I'll take that. What we're seeing is, as we discussed earlier in the call, very high interest in the program here in the U.S. and outside the U.S. We're actively enrolling the study. We expect we will finish this year. And with respect to the pacing of patients, we think that that's going to go very, very fast without the requirement to space as is typically done in a Phase 1 program. So overall I would expect this study to move quite quickly and we'll update as the program unfolds.

Great. Congrats on all the progress here.

The next question comes from Greg Harrison with Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Good morning. This is Mary Kate on for Greg. Thanks for taking our question. Just looking at some of the upcoming medical conferences, you have multiple abstracts in collaboration with Regeneron for the preclinical hemophilia program at ASGCT. Maybe how are you looking at this early-stage program and what impact could a gene editing product have in this indication? Thanks.

You're asking specifically about hemophilia?

Yes.

Yes, I'll take that. The way we think about that is, there's a couple of aspects to the program. First of all, hemophilia, obviously, it's a lifelong disease that starts in children as they deal with the manifestations of the disease and they accumulate morbidity as their lives unfold. Our objective is ultimately to be able to get to a curative approach for the pediatric population. So as we think about the progression of studies here, what we would want to do is establish that we're able to carry out gene insertion. We've got a couple of programs that are looking at that. NTLA-3001 as David just discussed with Alpha-1 antitrypsin, factor 9 with our collaborators at Regeneron. The objective there would be as quickly as reasonable to get to the pediatric population. We think that addresses potentially, if we're able to achieve what our objectives are, the ability of getting into kids before the disease takes its ultimate toll. The therapies that are available that are single-dose applications today are really best suited for the adult population per se. We think that there is an important advantage that comes with having a stable gene that's integrated that can grow with the patient, the pediatric patient as he or she develops.

The next question comes from Luca Issi with RBC. Please go ahead.

Hi, this is Rena on for Luca. Thanks for taking my question. I just wanted to ask on NTLA-2002, you commented earlier that there's been broad-based interest irrespective of geography regarding enrollment. So was I just wondering if you could add more color on the first patient dosed? Was this at a U.S. or ex-U.S. trial site? And what proportion of the trial sites are based in the U.S.? Thank you.

You are correct that we've begun dosing. You are correct that there's broad-based interest. What we're not going to do is talk about individual sites and individual patients. Our approach is to provide updates as we collect information in aggregate, and we've done that with all the programs to date, and we'll continue doing that, so stay tuned.

The next question comes from Gena Wang with Barclays. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning. This is Rashida on for Gena. Thank you for taking our questions. We had a quick one. So for NTLA-3001, your insertion program, as you're nearing the IND or IND equivalent in the second half of 2023, we just wanted to get your thoughts on how you're thinking about dose selection for this program, given that you'll be dealing with both LNP and AAV components when it comes to gene insertion? Thank you.

I can address that. The principles are, as you say, there are a couple of things that need to be assessed: both the LNP as well as the AAV. Our preclinical program is addressing those variables. The objective in a Phase 3 program would be to reduce the number of variables to the greatest extent possible. Obviously, we've learned a lot about how to dose LNPs with NTLA-2001 and NTLA-2002 thus far. We think we have a pretty good understanding of how those are likely to behave. My guess at this point, and obviously, we haven't finalized this yet, would be that there's probably more to explore on the AAV side of the equation, but as we finalize that program, we'll share more details.

Great. Thank you so much.

The next question comes from Steve Seedhouse with Raymond James. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thank you. In for the AATD program, it seems optimal in theory to just correct the SERPINA1 gene at the mutated locus, and it sounds like ultimately you do want to combine the insertion and the knockdown therapeutics you have into one approach that addresses both lung and liver. So I'm curious, what are the technical hurdles that just prevent a single therapeutic here making correction of the mutation? And are those limitations specific to AATD or would they apply for gene correction in general? Thanks.

Well, the way we've approached Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is looking at the two primary manifestations of the disease as has been referenced to you earlier on the call. One is knocking out the gene as it causes liver problems. The other one is providing a basis to replace essentially normal levels of circulating Alpha-1 antitrypsin. With the work that we've done which relies on two approaches, as you rightly point out, what we've been able to see in our preclinical work is that you can essentially achieve normal levels of the circulating protein and essentially complete knockout. We've looked at what we're able to accomplish with this program thus far and what we think we have something that offers for many patients an opportunity to have something that approximates normality. It's correct as you say that if one can do this all in one maneuver it may be possible to achieve both steps simultaneously. As we think about our own Alpha-1 antitrypsin program, I see it as a progression of technologies starting with what we've already achieved, which we think is very appealing for many patients and an advancement over what's currently available today. But with our gene writing work we can imagine down the road at some point, potentially addressing both in a single maneuver using solely an LMP based system. So stay tuned as that work unfolds and what we see here is a significant opportunity in a disease that is currently poorly treated.

The next question comes from Silvan Tuerkcan with JMP Securities. Please go ahead.

Good morning, and thanks for taking my question. Just a quick one on your initiated Phase 2 HAE trial, is there any specific goal of achieving a specific number or percentage of U.S. patients versus ex-U.S. so that you can engage with regulators following the first results of that trial? Thank you.

No, we have not pre-specified any particular proportion of patients by geography. I'd say this, when we as we said at the outset, we've got many patients interested in participating in the trial. Right now our primary objective is to get to the right dose so that we can move into what we believe will be registrational studies at the next step. We're absolutely committed to having U.S. patients in this program, and that is absolutely a priority for us. But getting to the answer, for the right dose is something that we think we can do very, very quickly this year.

Thank you.

The next question comes from Richard Law with Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.

Good morning, and thanks for taking my question. So you mentioned before that there's a possibility of doing an interim analysis for NTLA-2001 in ATTR-CM and then possibly show positive clinical outcomes and is there a possibility to file a BLA early if that's the case, and not run the charge to completion? And then just based on your preliminary thinking right now, what would be that timing of an interim analysis? Thanks.

David, what were you thinking about interim steps and what might you do with the information?

Yes, so it goes back to the question, greater interest in accelerated approvals for important new therapies in the U.S. and elsewhere. So we there is a potential to have an interim analysis in the study. We will learn more about whether this could be valuable based again on other people's trials as they come forward. Would an interim analysis be a place to see a positive result? But we, you know, we can't say exactly the timing of what that would be at this point, but it would, if we do it, it would be for the purpose of achieving an earlier BLA. But that's the details we have at this point.

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Ian Karp for any closing remarks.

Great. Thanks so much Drew. And thank you everyone for joining us today. We look forward to continuing to keep you informed on our progress, but until then we wish you all a great day and we'll talk again soon. Bye now.

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.