Equibles

10-Q

UWHARRIE CAPITAL CORP (UWHR)

10-Q 2023-05-10 For: 2023-03-31
View Original
Added on April 06, 2026

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     .

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-22062

UWHARRIE CAPITAL CORP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

North Carolina 56-1814206
(State or Other Jurisdiction of<br><br><br>Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer<br><br><br>Identification No.)
132 NORTH FIRST STREET<br><br><br>ALBEMARLE, north carolina 28001
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (704) 983-6181

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class Trading<br><br><br>Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ☒  Yes    ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ☐  Yes    ☒  No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date: 7,075,125 shares of common stock outstanding as of May 5, 2023.

Table of Contents

Page No.
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 - Financial Statements (Unaudited) 3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 3
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 8
Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 32
Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 38
Item 4 - Controls and Procedures 38
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 - Legal Proceedings 39
Item 1A - Risk Factors 39
Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 39
Item 3 - Defaults Upon Senior Securities 39
Item 4 - Mine Safety Disclosures 39
Item 5 - Other Information 39
Item 6 - Exhibits 40
Signatures 41

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Uwharrie Capital Corp and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements.
December 31, 2022*
--- --- --- --- --- ---
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks 7,339 $ 5,357
Interest-earning deposits with banks 110,039 109,224
Cash and cash equivalents 117,378 114,581
Securities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost 366,492 and 365,936, respectively) 331,154 324,683
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value 26,596 and 27,178 respectively) 29,227 30,306
Less allowance for credit losses on securities held to maturity (63 ) —
Net securities held to maturity 29,164 30,306
Equity security, at fair value 326 292
Loans held for sale 4,089 2,774
Loans held for investment 516,394 497,889
Less allowance for credit losses on loans (4,596 ) (2,290 )
Net loans held for investment 511,798 495,599
Premises and equipment, net 14,544 14,735
Interest receivable 3,837 3,633
Restricted stock 1,468 1,428
Bank-owned life insurance 7,686 7,652
Deferred income tax benefit 9,928 10,726
Loan servicing assets 4,746 4,931
Mortgage banking derivatives 374 —
Other assets 8,920 8,150
Total assets 1,045,412 $ 1,019,490
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Demand noninterest-bearing 279,097 $ 261,882
Interest checking and money market accounts 457,121 486,548
Savings deposits 101,625 104,301
Time deposits, 250,000 and over 54,133 35,979
Other time deposits 68,822 51,146
Total deposits 960,798 939,856
Short-term borrowed funds 982 1,044
Long-term debt 29,376 29,607
Mortgage banking derivatives 166 175
Other liabilities 12,247 11,411
Total liabilities 1,003,569 982,093
Off balance sheet items, commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, 1.25 par value: 20,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and<br>   outstanding 7,075,125 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 8,844 8,844
Additional paid-in capital 12,633 12,633
Undivided profits 36,930 37,030
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (27,219 ) (31,765 )
Total Uwharrie Capital Corp shareholders’ equity 31,188 26,742
Noncontrolling interest 10,655 10,655
Total shareholders’ equity 41,843 37,397
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 1,045,412 $ 1,019,490

All values are in US Dollars.

(*) Derived from audited consolidated financial statements

See accompanying notes

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Uwharrie Capital Corp and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
2022
Interest Income
Loans, including fees 6,367 $ 5,107
Investment securities
Investment securities, taxable 2,492 1,015
Investment securities, non-taxable 370 358
Equity Securities 5 5
Interest-earning deposits with banks and federal funds sold 1,070 40
Total interest income 10,304 6,525
Interest Expense
Interest checking and money market accounts 1,422 113
Savings deposits 80 18
Time deposits, 250,000 and over 296 14
Other time deposits 318 32
Short-term borrowed funds 9 1
Long-term debt 334 336
Total interest expense 2,459 514
Net interest income 7,845 6,011
Provision for credit losses 284 118
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 7,561 5,893
Noninterest Income
Service charges on deposit accounts 249 243
Other service fees and commissions 889 901
Interchange and card transaction fees, net 304 238
Loss on sale of securities (51 ) (91 )
Realized/unrealized gain (loss) on equity securities 34 (9 )
Income from mortgage banking 694 1,267
Supplemental executive retirement plan loss (335 ) (48 )
Other income 198 128
Total noninterest income 1,982 2,629
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits 4,744 5,016
Net occupancy expense 453 425
Equipment expense 188 188
Data processing costs 204 212
Loan costs 93 169
Professional fees and services 258 212
Marketing and donations 382 334
Electronic banking expense 129 111
Software amortization and maintenance 307 311
FDIC insurance 117 62
Supplemental executive retirement plan loss (335 ) (48 )
Other noninterest expense 578 561
Total noninterest expense 7,118 7,553
Income before income taxes 2,425 969
Income taxes 471 168
Net income 1,954 $ 801
Consolidated net income 1,954 $ 801
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (139 ) (139 )
Net income attributable to Uwharrie Capital Corp and common shareholders 1,815 662
Net income per common share
Basic 0.26 $ 0.09
Diluted 0.26 $ 0.09
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic 7,075,125 7,125,760
Diluted 7,075,125 7,125,760

All values are in US Dollars.

See accompanying notes

=

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Uwharrie Capital Corp and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Net income $ 1,954 $ 801
Unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale securities 5,864 (18,322 )
Related tax effect (1,359 ) 4,213
Reclassification of loss recognized in net income 51 91
Related tax effect (10 ) (19 )
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 4,546 (14,037 )
Comprehensive income (loss) 6,500 (13,236 )
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest (139 ) (139 )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Uwharrie Capital Corp $ 6,361 $ (13,375 )

See accompanying notes

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Uwharrie Capital Corp and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

Number of<br><br><br>Common<br><br><br>Shares<br><br><br>Issued Common<br><br><br>Stock Additional<br><br><br>Paid-in<br><br><br>Capital Undivided<br><br><br>Profits Accumulated<br><br><br>Other<br><br><br>Comprehensive<br><br><br>Income (Loss) Non<br><br><br>Controlling<br><br><br>Interest Total
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Balance, December 31, 2021 6,959,556 $ 8,700 $ 12,032 $ 30,551 $ (1,151 ) $ 10,655 $ 60,787
Net Income — — — 662 — 139 801
Repurchase of common stock (28,839 ) (36 ) (218 ) — — — (254 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) — — — — (14,037 ) — (14,037 )
Record preferred stock dividend Series B<br><br><br>(noncontrolling interest) — — — — — (103 ) (103 )
Record preferred stock dividend Series C<br><br><br>(noncontrolling interest) — — — — — (36 ) (36 )
Balance, March 31, 2022 6,930,717 $ 8,664 $ 11,814 $ 31,213 $ (15,188 ) $ 10,655 $ 47,158
Balance, December 31, 2022 7,075,125 $ 8,844 $ 12,633 $ 37,030 $ (31,765 ) $ 10,655 $ 37,397
Cumulative effect of change in<br><br><br>accounting principle — — — (1,915 ) — — (1,915 )
Net Income — — — 1,815 — 139 1,954
Other comprehensive income (loss) — — — — 4,546 — 4,546
Record preferred stock dividend Series B<br><br><br>(noncontrolling interest) — — — — — (103 ) (103 )
Record preferred stock dividend Series C<br><br><br>(noncontrolling interest) — — — — — (36 ) (36 )
Balance, March 31, 2023 7,075,125 $ 8,844 $ 12,633 $ 36,930 $ (27,219 ) $ 10,655 $ 41,843

See accompanying notes

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Uwharrie Capital Corp and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income $ 1,954 $ 801
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 276 287
Right of use asset amortization 93 85
Provision for credit losses 284 118
Loss on sale of securities available for sale 51 91
Gain on sale of premises and equipment (37 ) —
Gain on sale of mortgage loans (109 ) (386 )
Realized/unrealized (gain) loss on equity securities (34 ) 9
Net amortization of premium on investment securities available for sale 474 733
Net amortization of premium on investment securities held to maturity 35 37
Amortization of loan servicing rights 293 336
Originations and purchases of mortgage loans for sale (13,703 ) (41,137 )
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans for sale 12,497 51,297
Mortgage banking derivatives (383 ) (266 )
Loan servicing assets (107 ) (493 )
Accrued interest receivable (204 ) (177 )
Prepaid assets (504 ) (211 )
Cash surrender value of life insurance (34 ) (29 )
Miscellaneous other assets (64 ) (284 )
Accrued interest payable 86 61
Miscellaneous other liabilities 741 650
Net cash provided by operating activities 1,605 11,522
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available for sale 6,793 8,398
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns of securities available for sale 6,656 9,007
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns of securities held to maturity 1,044 42
Purchase of investment securities available for sale (14,530 ) (28,391 )
Purchase of investments in other assets (61 ) (172 )
Net change in restricted stock (40 ) (507 )
Net increase in loans (19,039 ) (25,133 )
Purchase of premises and equipment (160 ) (82 )
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment 38 —
Net cash used by investing activities (19,299 ) (36,838 )
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase in deposit accounts 20,942 46,746
Net increase (decrease) in federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings (62 ) 263
Repayment of long-term borrowings (250 ) —
Repurchase of common stock, net — (254 )
Dividends paid on preferred stock (noncontrolling interest) (139 ) (139 )
Net cash provided by financing activities 20,491 46,616
Increase in cash and cash equivalents 2,797 21,300
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 114,581 94,410
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 117,378 $ 115,710
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Interest paid $ 2,352 $ 432
Income taxes paid — —
Supplemental schedule of non-cash activities
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale, net of tax $ (4,546 ) $ (14,037 )
Loans transferred to foreclosed real estate 142 —

See accompanying notes

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UWHARRIE CAPITAL CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The financial statements and accompanying notes are presented on a consolidated basis including Uwharrie Capital Corp (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries, Uwharrie Bank (the “Bank”), Uwharrie Investment Advisors, Inc. (“UIA”), and Uwharrie Mortgage, Inc. The Bank consolidates its subsidiaries, the Strategic Alliance Corporation, BOS Agency, Inc. and Gateway Mortgage, Inc., each of which is wholly owned by the Bank.

The information contained in the consolidated financial statements is unaudited. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and material adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of results of interim periods, all of which are of a normal recurring nature, have been made. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for an entire year. Management is not aware of additional economic events, outside influences or changes in concentrations of business that would require additional clarification or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

The organization and business of the Company, accounting policies followed by the Company and other information are contained in the notes to consolidated financial statements filed as part of the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 8, 2023. This Quarterly Report should be read in conjunction with such Annual Report.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses.

Accounting Changes, Reclassifications and Restatements

Certain amounts in the 2022 financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2023 presentation. These reclassifications did not have an impact on net income or shareholders’ equity.

The Company’s significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the unaudited consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 1 of the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 and are contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.  There have been no significant changes to the application of significant accounting policies since December 31, 2022, except for the following:

Accounting Standards Adopted in 2023

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASC 326”). This standard replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) methodology. CECL requires an estimate of credit losses for the remaining estimated life of the financial asset using historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and generally applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held to maturity debt securities, and some off-balance sheet credit exposures such as unfunded commitments to extend credit. Financial assets measured at amortized cost will be presented at the net amount expected to be collected by using an allowance for credit losses. In addition, CECL made changes to the accounting for available for sale debt securities. One such change is to require credit losses to be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on available for sale debt securities.

In concurrence with the adoption of CECL, the Company also adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” effective January 1, 2023.  The amendments in ASU 2022-02 enhanced disclosures for loan modifications made for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and eliminated the Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) accounting guidance for financial institutions that have adopted CECL. See Note 8 (Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty) to the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of the adoption of ASU 2022-02.

The Company adopted ASC 326 and all related subsequent amendments thereto effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective approach for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures. The transition adjustment of the adoption of CECL included an increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans of $2.41 million, which is

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presented as a reduction to net loans held for investment, and an increase in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments of $9,000, which is recorded within Other Liabilities. The Company recorded an allowance for credit losses for held to maturity securities of $70,000, which is presented as a reduction to securities held to maturity. The Company recorded a net decrease to retained earnings of $1.9 million as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting CECL, which reflects the transition adjustments noted above, net of the applicable deferred tax assets recorded. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable accounting standards (“Incurred Loss”). As a practical expedient, the Company has excluded interest receivable from the credit loss analysis under CECL for all applicable financial instruments.

The Company adopted ASC 326 using the prospective transition approach for debt securities for which other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized prior to January 1, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any other-than-temporarily impaired investment securities. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 326, the Company determined that an allowance for credit losses on available for sale securities was not necessary.

Allowance for credit losses January 1, 2023<br><br><br>As Reported Under ASC 326 December 31, 2022<br><br><br>Pre-ASC 326 Adoption Impact of<br><br><br>ASC 326 Adoption
(dollars in thousands)
Assets
Securities held to maturity
State and political subdivisions $ 3 $ — $ 3
Corporate bonds 67 — 67
Securities held to maturity, total 70 — 70
Loans held for investment
Commercial 1,137 435 702
Real estate - commercial 1,777 760 1,017
Other real estate construction 306 177 129
Real estate 1-4 family construction 14 — 14
Real estate - residential 635 561 74
Home equity 652 277 375
Consumer loans 167 76 91
Other loans 9 4 5
Loans held for investment, total 4,697 2,290 2,407
Liabilities
Allowance for credit losses for unfunded commitments 150 141 9
Total $ 4,847 $ 2,431 $ 2,416

Allowance for Credit Losses – Available for Sale Securities

Management evaluates all available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if economic or market conditions warrant. If the Company has the intent to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security, the security is written down to fair value and the entire loss is recorded in earnings.

If either of the above criteria is not met, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value is the result of credit losses or other factors. In making the assessment, the Company may consider various factors including the length of time and extent to which the security has been in a loss position, performance of any underlying collateral, downgrades in the ratings of the security by a rating agency, the failure of the issuer to make scheduled principal or interest payments and adverse conditions specifically related to the security. If the evaluation indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security and any excess is recorded as an allowance for credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any amount of unrealized loss that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit loss is recognized in other comprehensive income.

Changes in the allowance for credit loss are recorded as provision for (or recovery of) credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance for credit loss when management believes an available for sale security is confirmed to be uncollectible or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. At March 31, 2023, there was no allowance for credit loss related to the available for sale portfolio. Accrued interest receivable on available for sale debt securities, included in Interest Receivable in the consolidated balance sheets, totaled $2.0 million at March 31, 2023 and was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

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Allowance for Credit Losses – Held to Maturity Securities

Management measures expected credit losses on held to maturity debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. Accrued interest receivable on held to maturity debt securities, included in Interest Receivable in the consolidated balance sheets, totaled $358,000 at March 31, 2023 and was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

The estimate of expected credit losses is primarily based on the ratings assigned to the securities by debt rating agencies and the average of the annual historical loss rates associated with those ratings. The Company then multiplies those loss rates, as adjusted for any modifications to reflect current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts as considered necessary, by the remaining lives of each individual security to arrive at a lifetime expected loss amount. Management classifies the held to maturity portfolio into the following major security types: U.S. government agencies, state and political subdivisions and corporate bonds. All of the U.S. government agencies securities are issued by government-sponsored agencies.  These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses. As a result, no allowance for credit losses was recorded for these securities at March 31, 2023. The state and political subdivisions securities held by the Company are highly rated by major rating agencies.  As such, there was minimal allowance for credit losses recorded at March 31, 2023 for state and political subdivisions securities.

Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans

The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans' amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. Loans are charged off against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged off and expected to be charged off. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses represents management’s estimate of lifetime credit losses inherent in loans as of the balance sheet date. The allowance for credit losses is estimated by management using relevant available information, from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

The Company measures expected credit losses for loans on a pooled basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The Company has identified segments for Consumer loans based on credit score and collateral and for Commercial loans based on risk grade and collateral. The allowance for credit losses for each segment is calculated using a Non-Discounted Cash Flow methodology. The Non-Discounted Cash Flow methodology incorporates macroeconomic forecasts to project expected losses.  Significant macroeconomic factors used in estimating the expected losses include the National Unemployment Rate and the 10-Year T-Bill.  A third-party forecast is utilized to project defaults for two years followed by a one year reversion period to the historical long run average economic forecast for the remainder of the portfolio life.

The Company individually reviews loans that are experiencing financial difficulty with total relationship exposure greater than or equal to $100,000 that are determined to be collateral dependent. These collateral dependent loans are evaluated based on the fair value of the underlying collateral as repayment of the loan is expected to be made through the operation or sale of the collateral. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. When management determines that foreclosure is probable and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the expected credit losses are based on the fair value of collateral at the reporting date unadjusted for selling costs as appropriate.

Additionally, the allowance for credit losses calculation includes subjective adjustments for qualitative risk factors that are likely to cause estimated credit losses to differ from historical experience. These qualitative adjustments may increase or reduce reserve levels and include adjustments for lending management experience and risk tolerance, loan review and audit results, asset quality and portfolio trends, loan portfolio growth, industry concentrations, trends in underlying collateral, external factors and economic conditions not already captured.

Allowance for Credit Losses – Unfunded Commitments

Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit issued to meet customer financing needs. The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for off-balance sheet loan commitments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless the commitments to extend credit are unconditionally cancelable, through a charge to provision for unfunded commitments in the Company’s income statements. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is estimated by loan segment at each balance sheet date under the current expected credit loss model using the same methodologies as portfolio loans, taking into consideration the likelihood that

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funding will occur as well as any third-party guarantees. The allowance for unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Note 2 – Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company reports as comprehensive income all changes in shareholders’ equity during the year from sources other than shareholders. Other comprehensive income refers to all components (revenues, expenses, gains, and losses) of comprehensive income that are excluded from net income. The Company’s only component of other comprehensive income is unrealized gains and losses, net of income tax, on investment securities available for sale.

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
2022
Beginning balance (31,765 ) $ (1,151 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications,<br>   net of (1,359) and 4,213 tax effect, respectively 4,505 (14,109 )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income, <br>   net of (17) and (19) tax effect, respectively 41 72
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) 4,546 (14,037 )
Ending balance (27,219 ) $ (15,188 )

All values are in US Dollars.

Note 3 – Noncontrolling Interest

In 2013, the Company’s subsidiary bank issued a total of $10.7 million of Fixed Rate Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B and Series C. The preferred stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital at the Bank and pays dividends at an annual rate of 5.30%. The preferred stock has no voting rights. This capital is presented as noncontrolling interest in the consolidated balance sheets. Dividends declared on this preferred stock are presented as earnings allocated to the noncontrolling interest in the consolidated statements of income.

Note 4 – Per Share Data

Basic and diluted net income per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period after retroactively adjusting for stock dividends. Diluted net income per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the net income of the Company. The Company had no stock options outstanding at March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022. The number of shares and earnings per share for the 2022 periods have been adjusted for the 2.5% stock dividend declared on October 18, 2022.

Basic and diluted net income per common share have been computed based upon net income available to common shareholders as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding or assumed to be outstanding.

The weighted average number of common shares outstanding was 7,075,125 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023 compared to 7,125,760 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022.

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Note 5 – Investment and Equity Securities

Carrying amounts and fair values of securities available for sale and held to maturity are summarized below:

March 31, 2023 Amortized<br><br><br>Cost Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Gains Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair<br><br><br>Value
(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury $ 54,957 $ — $ 3,605 $ 51,352
U.S. government agencies 40,280 54 913 39,421
GSE - Mortgage-backed securities and CMOs 129,524 15 14,714 114,825
Asset-backed securities 34,930 155 441 34,644
State and political subdivisions 100,801 54 15,335 85,520
Corporate bonds 6,000 — 608 5,392
Total securities available for sale $ 366,492 $ 278 $ 35,616 $ 331,154
March 31, 2023 Amortized<br><br><br>Cost Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Gains Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair<br><br><br>Value Allowance for<br><br><br>Credit Losses
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
Securities held to maturity
U.S. government agencies $ 143 $ — $ 3 $ 140 $ —
State and political subdivisions 14,084 — 1,199 12,885 —
Corporate bonds 15,000 — 1,429 13,571 63
Total securities held to maturity $ 29,227 $ — $ 2,631 $ 26,596 $ 63
December 31, 2022 Amortized<br><br><br>Cost Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Gains Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair<br><br><br>Value
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury $ 54,948 $ — $ 4,318 $ 50,630
U.S. government agencies 34,746 64 1,048 33,762
GSE - Mortgage-backed securities and CMOs 132,059 — 16,064 115,995
Asset-backed securities 37,228 70 612 36,686
State and political subdivisions 100,955 — 18,689 82,266
Corporate bonds 6,000 — 656 5,344
Total securities available for sale $ 365,936 $ 134 $ 41,387 $ 324,683
December 31, 2022 Amortized<br><br><br>Cost Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Gains Gross<br><br><br>Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair<br><br><br>Value
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
Securities held to maturity
U.S. government agencies $ 152 $ — $ 5 $ 147
State and political subdivisions 15,154 — 1,775 13,379
Corporate bonds 15,000 — 1,348 13,652
Total securities held to maturity $ 30,306 $ — $ 3,128 $ 27,178

The Company owned Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) stock reported at cost of $959,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company owned Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock reported at cost of $509,000 and $469,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The investments in FRB stock and FHLB stock are required investments related to the Company’s membership in, and borrowings with, these banks and are classified as restricted stock on the consolidated balance sheet. These investments are carried at cost since there is no ready market and redemption has historically been made at par value. The Company estimated that the fair value approximated cost and that these investments were not impaired at March 31, 2023.

There is no allowance for credit losses on available for sale securities.  The following table shows a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses on held to maturity securities for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

-12-

U.S. government agencies State and political subdivisions Corporate bonds
(dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2022 $ — $ — $ —
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle — 3 67
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses — (3 ) (4 )
Charge-offs of securities — — —
Recoveries — — —
Balance, March 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ 63

On a quarterly basis, the Company monitors the credit quality of the debt securities held to maturity through the use of credit ratings. For unrated securities, primarily corporate bonds consisting of subordinated debt of bank holding companies, individual financial reports are reviewed quarterly. Capital, profitability, liquidity and other ratios are reviewed to assist in determining credit quality. U.S. government agency bonds are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government and have a long history of no credit losses.

The following table summarizes the credit ratings of debt securities held to maturity, presented at amortized cost, by major security type at March 31, 2023.

March 31, 2023 U.S. government agencies State and political subdivisions Corporate bonds Total
(dollars in thousands)
Aaa $ — $ 1,173 $ — $ 1,173
Aa1/Aa2/Aa3 — 12,911 — 12,911
A1/A2 — — — —
BBB — — — —
Not rated 143 — 15,000 15,143
Total $ 143 $ 14,084 $ 15,000 $ 29,227

At March 31, 2023, the Company had no securities held to maturity that were past due 30 days or more as to principal or interest payments. The Company had no securities held to maturity classified as nonaccrual for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Results from sales of securities available for sale for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, were as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Gross proceeds from sales $ 6,793 $ 8,398
Realized gains from sales $ 6 $ 52
Realized losses from sales 57 143
Net realized gains (losses) $ (51 ) $ (91 )

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, securities available for sale with a carrying amount of $153.4 million and $153.3 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral on public deposits and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

-13-

We believe the unrealized losses on investment securities are a result of a volatile market and fluctuations in market prices due to a rise in interest rates, which will adjust if rates decline. Management does not believe these fluctuations are a reflection of the credit quality of the investments. At March 31, 2023, the unrealized losses on available for sale securities less than twelve months related to one U.S. Treasury bond, six government agency bonds, eleven government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) mortgage-backed securities, five asset-backed securities and eight state and political subdivision bonds. At March 31, 2023, the Company had eight U.S. Treasury bonds, sixteen government agency bonds, fifty-one GSE mortgage-backed securities, nine asset-backed securities, fifty-five state and political subdivision bonds and three corporate bonds that were classified as available for sale and in a loss position for twelve months or more. The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of available for sale securities for which an allowance has not been recorded aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2023.

Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
March 31, 2023 Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses
(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale temporary impairment
U.S. Treasury $ 19,689 $ 55 $ 31,663 $ 3,550 $ 51,352 $ 3,605
U.S. government agencies 13,185 67 26,236 846 39,421 913
GSE-Mortgage-backed securities and CMOs 16,896 591 97,929 14,123 114,825 14,714
Asset-backed securities 9,128 83 25,517 358 34,645 441
State and political subdivisions 10,680 135 74,839 15,200 85,519 15,335
Corporate bonds — — 5,392 608 5,392 608
Total securities available for sale $ 69,578 $ 931 $ 261,576 $ 34,685 $ 331,154 $ 35,616

At December 31, 2022, the unrealized losses on available for sale securities less than twelve months related to four U.S. Treasury bonds, six government agency bonds, twenty-eight GSE mortgage-backed securities, twelve asset-backed securities and fourteen state and political subdivision bonds. Unrealized losses on held to maturity securities related to one government agency bond, nine state and political subdivision bonds and four corporate bonds that had been in a loss position less than twelve months at December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2022, the Company had five U.S. Treasury bonds, fourteen government agency bonds, thirty-four GSE mortgage-backed securities, five asset-backed securities, fifty state and political subdivision bonds and three corporate bonds that were classified as available for sale and in a loss position twelve months or more. Unrealized losses on held to maturity securities related to one state and political subdivision bond and ten corporate bonds that had been in a loss position twelve months or more at December 31, 2022. The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of available for sale securities and held to maturity securities aggregated by category and length of time that securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2022.

Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
December 31, 2022 Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses
(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale temporary impairment
U.S. Treasury $ 27,991 $ 509 $ 22,639 $ 3,809 $ 50,630 $ 4,318
U.S. government agencies 8,580 69 13,994 979 22,574 1,048
GSE-Mortgage-backed securities and CMOs 35,657 2,021 77,799 14,043 113,456 16,064
Asset-backed securities 22,828 315 7,326 297 30,154 612
State and political subdivisions 19,381 688 61,359 18,001 80,740 18,689
Corporate bonds — — 5,344 656 5,344 656
Total securities available for sale $ 114,437 $ 3,602 $ 188,461 $ 37,785 $ 302,898 $ 41,387
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
December 31, 2022 Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses Fair Value Unrealized<br><br><br>Losses
(dollars in thousands)
Securities held to maturity temporary impairment
U.S. government agencies $ 147 $ 5 $ — $ — $ 147 $ 5
State and political subdivisions 12,354 1,621 1,025 154 13,379 1,775
Corporate bonds 6,383 367 7,269 981 13,652 1,348
Total securities held to maturity $ 18,884 $ 1,993 $ 8,294 $ 1,135 $ 27,178 $ 3,128

-14-

Declines in the fair value of the available for sale investment portfolio are believed by management to be temporary in nature. When evaluating an investment for credit losses, management considers, among other things: the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been in a loss position; the financial condition of the issuer through the review of credit ratings and, if necessary, corporate financial statements; adverse conditions specifically related to the security such as past due principal or interest; underlying assets that collateralize the debt security; other economic conditions and demographics; and the intent and the ability of the Company to hold the investment until the loss position is recovered. Any unrealized losses were largely due to increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time of purchase. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach their maturity date or market yields for such investments decline. Management does not believe any of the securities are impaired due to reasons of credit quality, but that the losses are temporary in nature. At March 31, 2023, the Company does not intend to sell and is not likely to be required to sell the available for sale securities that were in a loss position prior to full recovery.

The following tables show contractual maturities of the investment portfolio as of March 31, 2023:

March 31, 2023
Amortized<br><br><br>Cost Estimated<br><br><br>Fair Value Book<br><br><br>Yield
(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale
Due within twelve months 4,168 4,111 7.31 %
Due after one but within five years 45,995 44,363 3.14 %
Due after five but within ten years 86,917 77,384 2.12 %
Due after ten years 229,412 205,296 3.17 %
$ 366,492 $ 331,154 2.97 %
March 31, 2023
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Amortized<br><br><br>Cost Estimated<br><br><br>Fair Value Book<br><br><br>Yield
(dollars in thousands)
Securities held to maturity
Due within twelve months 653 648 2.74 %
Due after one but within five years 383 381 3.02 %
Due after five but within ten years 15,000 13,572 4.57 %
Due after ten years 13,191 11,995 3.28 %
$ 29,227 $ 26,596 3.93 %

The portion of unrealized gains and losses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 related to equity securities still held at the reporting date is calculated as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Gross proceeds from sales $ — $ —
Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities $ 34 $ (9 )
Less: Net gains (losses) recognized from equity securities sold during the period — —
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities still held at the reporting date $ 34 $ (9 )

-15-

Note 6 – Loans Held for Investment

The composition of net loans held for investment by class as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is as follows:

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial
Commercial $ 80,974 $ 85,917
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 270 545
Real estate - commercial 196,892 183,550
Other real estate construction loans 36,965 37,077
Other loans 6,533 6,666
Noncommercial
Real estate 1-4 family construction 8,802 6,613
Real estate - residential 115,966 108,669
Home equity 59,017 58,186
Consumer loans 10,044 9,762
515,463 496,985
Less:
Allowance for credit losses (4,596 ) (2,290 )
Deferred loan costs (fees) net 931 904
Loans held for investment, net $ 511,798 $ 495,599

The Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), which is administered by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”), was created as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act. The Company participated in assisting its customers with applications for funds through the program.  PPP loans have a two-year term or, if approved after June 5, 2020, a five-year term and earn interest at 1%. A majority of these loans have been forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had funded 1,202 PPP loans representing $81.0 million. Of the loans funded, 1,196 loans totaling $80.8 million had been paid off or forgiven by the SBA as of March 31, 2023. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, or CAA, established another round of PPP loan funding for certain eligible borrowers, and the Company assisted these borrowers in obtaining a first or second draw loan. The Company had funded 879 second round PPP loans totaling $46.4 million as of March 31, 2023. Of the loans funded during the second round, 866 loans totaling $46.2 million had been paid off or forgiven by the SBA as of March 31, 2023. It is the Company’s understanding that loans funded through the PPP are fully guaranteed by the U.S. government. Should those circumstances change, the Company could be required to establish additional allowance for loan loss through additional provision expense charged to earnings.

Note 7 – Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The following table summarizes the activity related to the allowance for credit losses on loans for the three months ended March 31, 2023 under the CECL methodology.

Commercial Loans Noncommercial Loans
(dollars in thousands) Commercial Real estate -<br><br><br>commercial Other<br><br><br>real estate<br><br><br>construction Other<br><br><br>loans Real estate<br><br><br>1-4 family<br><br><br>construction Real estate -<br><br><br>residential Home<br><br><br>equity Consumer Total<br><br><br>Loans
Balance, December 31, 2022 $ 435 $ 760 $ 177 $ 4 $ — $ 561 $ 277 $ 76 $ 2,290
Cumulative effect of change in<br><br><br>accounting principle 702 1,017 143 5 — 74 375 91 2,407
Provision for (recovery of)<br><br><br>credit losses 213 83 47 (2 ) — 21 (86 ) 15 291
Charge-offs (343 ) — (42 ) — — — — (36 ) (421 )
Recoveries 3 — — — — 1 1 24 29
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (340 ) — (42 ) — — 1 1 (12 ) (392 )
Balance, March 31, 2023 $ 1,010 $ 1,860 $ 325 $ 7 $ — $ 657 $ 567 $ 170 $ 4,596

-16-

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, the Company calculated the allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss methodology.  The following tables are disclosures related to the allowance for loan losses in prior periods.

Allowance for loan losses and loan balances Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Total
as of December 31, 2022 Reserve Loans Reserve Loans Reserve Loans
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 40 $ 704 $ 1,336 $ 313,181 $ 1,376 $ 313,885
Non-Commercial 133 2,368 781 181,636 914 184,004
Total $ 173 $ 3,072 $ 2,117 $ 494,817 $ 2,290 $ 497,889
Allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 Commercial Non-Commercial Total
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period $ 2,429 $ 1,597 $ 4,026
Provision for (recovery of) loan losses 190 (72 ) 118
Charge-offs — (6 ) (6 )
Recoveries 7 11 18
Net (charge-offs) recoveries 7 5 12
Balance at end of period $ 2,626 $ 1,530 $ 4,156
Allowance for loan losses and loan balances Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Total
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
as of March 31, 2022 Reserve Loans Reserve Loans Reserve Loans
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 130 $ 2,146 $ 2,496 $ 288,416 $ 2,626 $ 290,562
Non-Commercial 113 1,945 1,417 153,417 1,530 155,362
Total $ 243 $ 4,091 $ 3,913 $ 441,833 $ 4,156 $ 445,924

Past due loan information is used by management when assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The following tables summarize the past due information of the loan portfolio by class as of the dates indicated:

March 31, 2023 Loans<br><br><br>30-89 Days<br><br><br>Past Due Nonaccrual Loans Total Past<br><br><br>Due Loans Current<br><br><br>Loans Total<br><br><br>Loans Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ — $ 53 $ 53 $ 80,921 $ 80,974 $ —
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — 264 264 —
Real estate - commercial 132 — 132 196,900 197,032 —
Other real estate construction — — — 36,965 36,965 —
Real estate 1-4 family construction — — — 8,802 8,802 —
Real estate - residential 517 479 996 115,767 116,763 —
Home equity 15 27 42 58,975 59,017 —
Consumer loans 43 — 43 10,001 10,044 —
Other loans — — — 6,533 6,533 —
Total $ 707 $ 559 $ 1,266 $ 515,128 $ 516,394 $ —

-17-

December 31, 2022 Loans<br><br><br>30-89 Days<br><br><br>Past Due Nonaccrual Loans Total Past<br><br><br>Due Loans Current<br><br><br>Loans Total<br><br><br>Loans Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ — $ 71 $ 71 $ 85,846 $ 85,917 $ —
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 252 — 252 279 531 —
Real estate - commercial 230 — 230 183,464 183,694 —
Other real estate construction — 183 183 36,894 37,077 —
Real estate 1-4 family construction — — — 6,613 6,613 —
Real estate - residential 507 117 624 108,819 109,443 —
Home equity 107 28 135 58,051 58,186 —
Consumer loan 29 — 29 9,733 9,762 —
Other loans — — — 6,666 6,666 —
Total $ 1,125 $ 399 $ 1,524 $ 496,365 $ 497,889 $ —

Once a loan becomes 90 days past due, the loan is automatically transferred to a nonaccrual status. The exception to this policy is credit card loans that remain in accruing status 90 days or more until they are paid current or charged off.

The Company had $0 in foreclosed residential real estate and $0 of residential real estate in process of foreclosure at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The composition of nonaccrual loans by class as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was as follows:

CECL Three Months Ended Incurred Loss
March 31, 2023 March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Nonaccrual Loans with No Allowance Nonaccrual Loans with an Allowance Total Nonaccrual Loans Interest<br>Income Nonaccrual Loans
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ — $ 53 $ 53 $ — $ 71
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — —
Real estate - commercial — — — — —
Other real estate construction — — — — 183
Real estate 1-4 family construction — — — — —
Real estate - residential 187 292 479 7 117
Home equity — 27 27 — 28
Consumer loans — — — — —
Other loans — — — — —
$ 187 $ 372 $ 559 $ 7 $ 399

A loan may be individually assessed for determining the allowance for credit losses when it is determined that it does not share similar risk characteristics with other assets.  Loans that are on nonaccrual status will be reviewed to determine if they will be individually, rather than collectively, assessed.  If the loan is deemed to be collateral dependent and the relationship’s outstanding balance is $100,000 or greater, it will be individually assessed.  Collateral dependent loans are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Collateral dependent loans require an analysis of the collateral. The fair value of the collateral is discounted by liquidation costs. If the discounted fair value of the collateral is greater than the amortized loan balance, no allowance is required. Otherwise the difference between the balance and the collateral is charged off if deemed uncollectable.

-18-

The following table details the amortized cost of collateral dependent loans and any related allowance at March 31, 2023.

March 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Allowance for Credit Losses
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ — $ —
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — —
Real estate - commercial — —
Other real estate construction — —
Real estate 1-4 family construction — —
Real estate - residential 176 —
Home equity — —
Consumer loans — —
Other loans — —
Total $ 176 $ —

Management uses a risk-grading program to facilitate the evaluation of probable inherent loan losses and to measure the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on loans. In this program, risk grades are initially assigned by the loan officers and reviewed and monitored by the lenders and credit administration. The program has nine risk grades summarized in six categories as follows:

Pass: Loans that are pass grade credits include loans that are fundamentally sound, with risk factors that are reasonable and acceptable. They generally conform to policy with only minor exceptions; any major exceptions are clearly mitigated by other economic factors.

Watch: Loans that are acceptable but show signs of weakness in either adequate sources of repayment or collateral but have demonstrated mitigating factors that minimize the risk of delinquency or loss. These loans may deserve management’s attention.

Special Mention: Loans that exhibit potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention.  Credits within this category exhibit risk that is increasing beyond the point where the loan would have been originally approved.

Substandard: Loans that are considered substandard are loans that are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the value of the collateral pledged. All nonaccrual loans are graded as substandard.

Doubtful: Loans that are considered to be doubtful have all weaknesses inherent in loans classified substandard, plus the added characteristic that the weaknesses make the collection or liquidation in full on the basis of current existing facts, conditions and values highly questionable and improbable.

Loss: Loans that are considered to be a loss are considered to be uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted.

-19-

The following table presents the Company’s recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators by year of origination as of March 31, 2023:

March 31, 2023 Term Loans by Year of Origination
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Total
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial (including SBA PPP)
Pass $ 3,450 $ 24,376 $ 17,337 $ 9,164 $ 3,006 $ 12,737 $ 11,062 $ 81,132
Watch — 29 — — — — — 29
Special Mention — — — — — 24 — 24
Substandard — — — — 53 — — 53
Total commercial (including SBA PPP) 3,450 24,405 17,337 9,164 3,059 12,761 11,062 81,238
Real estate - commercial
Pass 20,627 45,291 37,950 26,947 16,664 44,314 3,681 195,474
Watch — — — — 81 — — 81
Special Mention — — 1,002 127 182 166 — 1,477
Substandard — — — — — — — —
Total real estate - commercial 20,627 45,291 38,952 27,074 16,927 44,480 3,681 197,032
Other real estate construction
Pass 6,452 13,329 5,518 8,220 638 2,242 392 36,791
Watch — — — — — 49 — 49
Special Mention — — — — — — — —
Substandard — — — — — 125 — 125
Total other real estate construction 6,452 13,329 5,518 8,220 638 2,416 392 36,965
Real estate 1-4 family construction
Pass 828 7,474 500 — — — — 8,802
Watch — — — — — — — —
Special Mention — — — — — — — —
Substandard — — — — — — — —
Total real estate 1-4 family construction 828 7,474 500 — — — — 8,802
Real estate - residential
Pass 10,364 41,502 26,522 12,641 3,696 18,250 792 113,767
Watch — — 210 85 125 732 — 1,152
Special Mention — 560 385 — 86 334 — 1,365
Substandard — — 126 206 — 147 — 479
Total real estate - residential 10,364 42,062 27,243 12,932 3,907 19,463 792 116,763
Home equity
Pass 145 317 177 238 155 1,905 55,945 58,882
Watch — — — — 19 89 — 108
Special Mention — — — — — — — —
Substandard — — — — — 27 — 27
Total home equity 145 317 177 238 174 2,021 55,945 59,017
Consumer loans
Pass 1,477 3,292 1,266 233 302 448 2,980 9,998
Watch — — — — — — — —
Special Mention — 46 — — — — — 46
Substandard — — — — — — — —
Total consumer loans 1,477 3,338 1,266 233 302 448 2,980 10,044
Other loans
Pass — 1,625 3,037 1,380 3 488 — 6,533
Watch — — — — — — — —
Special Mention — — — — — — — —
Substandard — — — — — — — —
Total other loans — 1,625 3,037 1,380 3 488 — 6,533
Total loans $ 43,343 $ 137,841 $ 94,030 $ 59,241 $ 25,010 $ 82,077 $ 74,852 $ 516,394

During the three-month period ended March 31, 2023, nine loans totaling $395,000 were converted from revolving to term loans.

-20-

The following table presents gross charge-offs by origination date as of March 31, 2023:

March 31, 2023 Gross Loan Charge-offs by Year of Origination
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Total
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial
Commercial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 272 $ 71 $ — $ 343
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — — — — —
Real estate - commercial — — — — — — — —
Other real estate construction — 42 — — — — — 42
Other loans — — — — — — — —
Noncommercial —
Real estate 1-4 family construction — — — — — — — —
Real estate - residential — — — — — — — —
Home equity — — — — — — — —
Consumer loans — 14 — — — 4 18 36
Total charge-offs $ — $ 56 $ — $ — $ 272 $ 75 $ 18 $ 421

The following table presents the Company’s recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators as of December 31, 2022:

December 31, 2022 Pass Watch Substandard Doubtful Total
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 85,789 $ 57 $ 71 $ — $ 85,917
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 531 — — — 531
Real estate - commercial 182,110 1,584 — — 183,694
Other real estate construction 36,717 51 309 — 37,077
Real estate 1-4 family construction 6,613 — — — 6,613
Real estate - residential 106,968 2,359 116 — 109,443
Home equity 58,050 108 28 — 58,186
Consumer loans 9,715 47 — — 9,762
Other loans 6,666 — — — 6,666
Total $ 493,159 $ 4,206 $ 524 $ — $ 497,889

Loans that are in nonaccrual status or 90 days past due and still accruing are considered to be nonperforming. At both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 there were no loans 90 days past due and still accruing. The following tables show the breakdown between performing and nonperforming loans by class at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

March 31, 2023 Performing Non-<br><br><br>Performing Total
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 80,921 $ 53 $ 80,974
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 264 — 264
Real estate - commercial 197,032 — 197,032
Other real estate construction 36,965 — 36,965
Real estate 1-4 family construction 8,802 — 8,802
Real estate - residential 116,284 479 116,763
Home equity 58,990 27 59,017
Consumer loans 10,044 — 10,044
Other loans 6,533 — 6,533
Total $ 515,835 $ 559 $ 516,394

-21-

December 31, 2022 Performing Non-<br><br><br>Performing Total
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 85,846 $ 71 $ 85,917
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 531 — 531
Real estate - commercial 183,694 — 183,694
Other real estate construction 36,894 183 37,077
Real estate 1-4 family construction 6,613 — 6,613
Real estate - residential 109,326 117 109,443
Home equity 58,158 28 58,186
Consumer loans 9,762 — 9,762
Other loans 6,666 — 6,666
Total $ 497,490 $ 399 $ 497,889

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, loans were considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it was probable the Company would be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans include loans on nonaccrual status and troubled debt restructurings. The Company individually assessed for impairment all nonaccrual loans and troubled debt restructurings. If a loan was deemed impaired, a specific valuation allowance was allocated, if necessary, so that the loan was reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment was expected solely from the collateral. The table below summarizes the loans deemed impaired and the amount of specific reserves allocated by class at December 31, 2022.

December 31, 2022 Unpaid<br><br><br>Principal<br><br><br>Balance Recorded<br><br><br>Investment<br><br><br>With No<br><br><br>Allowance Recorded<br><br><br>Investment<br><br><br>With<br><br><br>Allowance Related<br><br><br>Allowance
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 18 $ — $ 18 $ 22
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — —
Real estate - commercial 503 — 503 18
Other real estate construction 183 183 — —
Real estate 1-4 family construction — — — —
Real estate - residential 2,318 572 1,746 131
Home equity 28 28 — —
Consumer loans 22 — 22 2
Other loans — — — —
Total $ 3,072 $ 783 $ 2,289 $ 173

The table below shows interest income received on impaired loans by class for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Average<br><br><br>Recorded<br><br><br>Investment Interest<br><br><br>Income
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 969 $ 4
SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — —
Real estate - commercial 1,391 24
Other real estate construction — —
Real estate 1-4 family construction — —
Real estate - residential 2,008 63
Home equity 32 —
Consumer loans — —
Other loans — —
Total $ 4,400 $ 91

-22-

Note 8 – Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

The Company adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” effective January 1, 2023.  The amendments in ASU 2022-02 enhanced disclosures for loan modifications made for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and eliminated the Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) accounting guidance for financial institutions that have adopted CECL.

The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each asset upon asset origination or acquisition. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit losses is historical loss information, which includes losses from modifications of receivables to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company uses a probability of default/loss given default model to determine the allowance for credit losses. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification.

Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses because of the measurement methodologies used to estimate the allowance, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. The Company rarely modifies loans by providing principal forgiveness. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the allowance for credit losses. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses. In some cases, the Company will modify a loan by providing multiple types of concessions. Typically one type of concession is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession may be granted. Types of concessions include term extensions, capitalizing accrued interest, reducing interest rates to below current market rates or principal forgiveness.

The Company did not modify any loans for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three-month period ended March 31, 2023. Accordingly, the Company did not have any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the first quarter of 2023 that subsequently defaulted. A default on a modified loan is defined as being past due 90 days or being out of compliance with the modification agreement.

Prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13, modification of a loan constituted a troubled debt restructuring when a borrower was experiencing financial difficulty and the modification involved providing a concession to the existing loan contract. The Company offered various types of concessions when modifying loans to troubled borrowers, however, forgiveness of principal was rarely granted. Concessions offered were term extensions, capitalizing accrued interest, reducing interest rates to below current market rates or a combination of any of these. Combinations from time to time included allowing a customer to be placed on interest-only payments. The presentations below in the “other” category are TDRs with a combination of concessions. At the time of a TDR, additional collateral or a guarantor may have been requested. Loans modified as TDRs were typically already on nonaccrual status and in some cases, partial charge-offs may have already been taken against the outstanding loan balance. The Company classified TDR loans as impaired loans and evaluated the need for an allowance for loan loss on a loan-by-loan basis. An allowance was based on either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price or the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral less any selling costs, if the loan was deemed to be collateral dependent.

At December 31, 2022, the Company had $2.8 million in TDRs outstanding, of which two with balances totaling $52,000 were on a nonaccrual basis. There were no loans modified as TDRs during the three-month period ended March 31, 2022.

The following table presents as of March 31, 2022, the status of the types of loans modified as TDRs within the twelve months preceding such date.

Paid In Full Paying as restructured Converted to nonaccrual Foreclosure/Default
March 31, 2022 Number<br><br><br>of Loans Recorded<br><br><br>Investments Number<br><br><br>of Loans Recorded<br><br><br>Investments Number<br><br><br>of Loans Recorded<br><br><br>Investments Number<br><br><br>of Loans Recorded<br><br><br>Investments
(dollars in thousands)
Below market interest rate 1 $ 218 — $ — — $ — — $ —
Extended payment terms — — — — — — — —
Forgiveness of principal/other 6 814 6 2,339 — — — —
Total 7 $ 1,032 6 $ 2,339 — $ — — $ —

-23-

Note 9 - Leases

Operating leases in which we are the lessee are recorded as operating lease right of use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities, included in premises and equipment and other liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of the remaining lease payments using a discount rate that represents our incremental collateralized borrowing rate at the lease commencement date. ROU assets are further adjusted for any lease incentives. Operating lease expense, which is composed of amortization of the ROU asset and the implicit interest accreted on the operating lease liability, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded in the net occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income. We do not currently have any finance leases in which we are the lessee.

Our leases relate to four office locations, three of which are branch locations, with remaining terms of four to six years. Certain lease arrangements contain extension options which range from five to ten years at the then fair market rental rates. As these extension options are not generally considered reasonably certain of exercise, they are not included in the lease term. As of March 31, 2023, operating lease ROU assets were $1.8 million and the lease liability was $1.9 million, compared to ROU assets of $2.0 million and a lease liability of $2.1 million at March 31, 2022. Lease costs associated with all leases was $106,000 and $99,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The table below summarizes other information related to our operating leases:

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(in thousands except percent and period data)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 107 $ 99
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 1,779 2,015
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases, in years 4.7 5.6
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases 2.55 % 2.47 %

The table below summarizes the maturity of remaining lease liabilities:

March 31, 2023
(in thousands)
2023 $ 328
2024 446
2025 455
2026 416
2027 260
2028 and thereafter 117
Total lease payments 2,022
Less: Interest (123 )
Present value of lease liabilities 1,899

-24-

Note 10 - Commitments and Contingencies

The Company’s subsidiary bank is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, lines of credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve elements of credit risk in excess of amounts recognized in the accompanying financial statements.

The Bank’s risk of loss with unfunded loans and lines of credit or standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments under such instruments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The amount of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, real estate and time deposits with financial institutions. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Credit card commitments are unsecured.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, outstanding financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk were approximately:

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Commitments to extend credit $ 195,670 $ 165,992
Credit card commitments 20,651 20,376
Standby letters of credit 7,988 8,135
Total commitments $ 224,309 $ 194,503

The Company maintains an allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures such as unfunded balances for existing lines of credit, commitments to extend future credit, as well as both standby and commercial letters of credit when there is a contractual obligation to extend credit and when this extension of credit is not unconditionally cancellable. The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur, which is based on a historical funding study derived from internal information, and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life, which are the same loss rates that are used in computing the allowance for credit losses on loans. The allowance for credit losses for unfunded loan commitments of $143,000 and $141,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, is separately classified on the balance sheet within Other Liabilities.

The following table presents the balance and activity in the allowance for credit losses for unfunded loan commitments for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Total Allowance for Credit Losses - Unfunded Commitments
(dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2022 $ 141
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle 9
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses (7 )
Balance, March 31, 2023 $ 143

-25-

Note 11 – Fair Value Disclosures

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 does not require any new fair value measurements but clarifies and standardizes some divergent practices that have emerged since prior guidance was issued. ASC 820 creates a three-level hierarchy under which individual fair value estimates are to be ranked based on the relative reliability of the inputs used in the valuation.

ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which those assets or liabilities are sold and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing those assets or liabilities. Fair values determined using Level 1 inputs rely on active and observable markets to price identical assets or liabilities. In situations where identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, fair values may be determined based on Level 2 inputs, which exist when observable data exists for similar assets and liabilities. Fair values for assets and liabilities for which identical or similar assets and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets are based on Level 3 inputs, which are considered to be unobservable.

Among the Company’s assets and liabilities, investment securities available for sale and mortgage banking derivatives are reported at their fair values on a recurring basis. Certain other assets are adjusted to their fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including other real estate owned, impaired loans, loans held for sale, which are carried at the lower of cost or market, and loan servicing rights, where fair value is determined using similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions. Deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term obligations are not reported at fair value.

Prices for U.S. Treasury and marketable equity securities are readily available in the active markets in which those securities are traded, and the resulting fair values are shown in the Level 1 input column. Prices for government agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and state, county and municipal securities are obtained for similar securities, and the resulting fair values are shown in the Level 2 input column. Prices for all other non-marketable investments are determined based on various assumptions that are not observable. The fair values for these investment securities are shown in the Level 3 input column. Non-marketable investment securities, which are carried at their purchase price, include those that may only be redeemed by the issuer. The changes in securities between Level 1 and Level 2 were related to the purchase and sale of several securities and not the transfer of securities.

Mortgage banking derivatives, which are comprised of interest rate lock commitments, or IRLCs, mortgage forward sales commitments and to-be-announced mortgage-backed securities trades (TBAs), are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value of the IRLCs is based on projected pull-through rates and anticipated margins based on changes in market interest rates. The Company considers these to be Level 3 valuations.  The fair value of mortgage forward sales commitments and TBAs is based on the gain or loss that would occur if the Company were to pair-off the transaction at the measurement date and is considered to be a Level 2 input.

The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and an allowance for loan losses is established. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment by using one of several methods including collateral value, fair value of similar debt or discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the present value of the expected repayments or fair value of collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. The Company typically bases the fair value of the collateral on appraised values which the Company considers Level 3 valuations.

Foreclosed assets are adjusted to fair value upon transfer of the loans to other real estate owned. Real estate acquired in settlement of loans is recorded initially at the estimated fair value of the property less estimated selling costs at the date of foreclosure. The initial recorded value may be subsequently reduced by additional allowances, which are charged to earnings if the estimated fair value of the property less estimated selling costs declines below the initial recorded value. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. The Company typically bases the fair value of the collateral on appraised values, which the Company considers Level 3 valuations.

Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate, based on secondary market prices. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income. These loans are recorded in Level 2.

-26-

The following tables provide fair value information for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury $ 51,352 $ 51,352 $ — $ —
U.S. government agencies 39,421 — 39,421 —
GSE - Mortgage-backed securities and CMOs 114,825 — 110,819 4,006
Asset-backed securities 34,644 — 34,644 —
State and political subdivisions 85,520 — 85,520 —
Corporate bonds 5,392 — 5,392 —
Equity securities 326 326 — —
Mortgage banking derivatives 374 — 10 364
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis $ 331,854 $ 51,678 $ 275,806 $ 4,370
Mortgage banking derivatives $ 166 $ — $ 166 $ —
Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis $ 166 $ — $ 166 $ —
December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury $ 50,630 $ 50,630 $ — $ —
U.S. government agencies 33,762 — 33,762 —
GSE - Mortgage-backed securities and CMOs 115,995 — 111,996 3,999
Asset-backed securities 36,686 — 36,686 —
State and political subdivisions 82,266 — 82,266 —
Corporate bonds 5,344 — 5,344 —
Equity securities 292 292 — —
Mortgage banking derivatives — — — —
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis $ 324,975 $ 50,922 $ 270,054 $ 3,999
Mortgage banking derivatives $ 175 $ — $ 80 $ 95
Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis $ 175 $ — $ 80 $ 95

The following table provides a rollforward for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:

March 31, 2023
Mortgage banking derivatives: Interest rate lock commitments Securities available for sale: GSE mortgage-backed securities and CMOs Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (95 ) $ 3,999 $ 3,904
Change in fair value:
Included in income from mortgage banking 459 — 459
Included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — 7 7
Change in observability of significant inputs:
Included in income from mortgage banking — — —
Included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — — —
Balance at March 31, 2023 $ 364 $ 4,006 $ 4,370

During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company had one mortgage-backed security that was transferred from Level 2 to Level 3 due to changes in the observability of significant inputs. At December 31, 2022, the Company was unable to observe a credit rating, pricing or recent trade history for the security or other such similar assets. At March 31, 2023, there were no significant observable inputs, and the fair value of the security remained classified as Level 3.

-27-

The fair value of mortgage IRLCs at March 31, 2023 was calculated based on a notional amount of $19.0 million. Significant unobservable inputs are used to determine the fair value of these derivatives. At March 31, 2023, such inputs included anticipated margins to be earned based on market movement from the original lock date and an overall projected pull-through rate of 80.49% determined by loan product, loan stage, and loan purpose. The fair value of mortgage IRLCs at December 31, 2022 was calculated based on a notional amount of $8.9 million. Significant unobservable inputs were the same as those used for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and assumed a projected pull-through rate of 92.98% at December 31, 2022. Changes in interest rates and other assumptions could significantly change these estimated values.

The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market value that were recognized at fair value less cost to sell at the end of the period. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the table below as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Individually evaluated loans $ — $ — $ — $ —
OREO — — — —
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis $ — $ — $ — $ —
December 31, 2022
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Impaired loans $ 2,116 $ — $ — $ 2,116
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis $ 2,116 $ — $ — $ 2,116

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

March 31, 2023
Valuation Technique Unobservable Input General<br><br><br>Range
Nonrecurring measurements:
Individually evaluated loans Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell 0 - 25%
OREO Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell 0 - 10%
December 31, 2022
--- --- --- ---
Valuation Technique Unobservable Input General<br><br><br>Range
Nonrecurring measurements:
Impaired loans Discounted appraisals Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell 0 - 25%
Discounted cash flows Discount rates 4% - 8.75%

At March 31, 2023, individually evaluated loans were being evaluated with discounted appraisals for individually assessed nonaccrual loans deemed collateral dependent.

-28-

Note 12 – Fair Values of Financial Instruments

ASC 825, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis.

The fair value estimates presented at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates are intended to represent the price an asset could be sold at or the price at which a liability could be settled. However, given there is no active market or observable market transactions for many of the Company’s financial instruments, the Company has made estimates of many of these fair values which are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimated values. The estimated fair values disclosed in the following table do not represent market values of all assets and liabilities of the Company and should not be interpreted to represent the underlying value of the Company.

The following table reflects a comparison of carrying amounts and the estimated fair value of the financial instruments as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

March 31, 2023 Carrying<br><br><br>Value Estimated<br><br><br>Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(dollars in thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 117,378 $ 117,378 $ 117,378 $ — $ —
Securities available for sale 331,154 331,154 51,352 275,796 4,006
Securities held to maturity 29,227 26,596 — 13,025 13,571
Equity securities 326 326 326 — —
Loans held for investment, net 511,798 477,252 — — 477,252
Loans held for sale 4,089 4,089 — 4,089 —
Restricted stock 1,468 1,468 1,468 — —
Loan servicing rights 4,746 6,870 — 6,870 —
Mortgage banking derivatives 374 374 — 10 364
Accrued interest receivable 3,837 3,837 — — 3,837
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Deposits $ 960,798 959,200 — 959,200 —
Short-term borrowings 982 982 — 982 —
Long-term borrowings 29,376 25,167 — — 25,167
Mortgage banking derivatives 166 166 — 166 —
Accrued interest payable 70 70 — — 70
December 31, 2022 Carrying<br><br><br>Value Estimated<br><br><br>Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(dollars in thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 114,581 $ 114,581 $ 114,581 $ — $ —
Securities available for sale 324,683 324,683 50,630 270,054 3,999
Securities held to maturity 30,306 27,178 — 13,526 13,652
Equity securities 292 292 292 — —
Loans held for investment, net 495,599 458,479 — — 458,479
Loans held for sale 2,774 2,774 — 2,774 —
Restricted stock 1,428 1,428 1,428 — —
Loan servicing rights 4,931 6,972 — 6,972 —
Accrued interest receivable 3,633 3,633 — — 3,633
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Deposits $ 939,856 $ 938,114 $ — $ 938,114 $ —
Short-term borrowings 1,044 1,044 — 1,044 —
Long-term borrowings 29,607 25,869 — — 25,869
Mortgage banking derivatives 175 175 — 80 95
Accrued interest payable 108 108 — — 108

-29-

At March 31, 2023 the Company’s subsidiary bank had outstanding standby letters of credit and commitments to extend credit. These off-balance sheet financial instruments are generally exercisable at the market rate prevailing at the date the underlying transaction will be completed; therefore, the fair value is the fee the Bank is expected to receive. This amount is deemed immaterial by management. See Note 10 (Commitments and Contingencies) to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 13 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Other Changes

ASC 848, “Reference Rate Reform,” was set forth to eliminate certain reference rates and introduce new reference rates that are based on a larger, more liquid population of observable transactions that are less vulnerable to manipulation. The reference rate reform will discontinue the use of certain widely used reference rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR. In response to likely challenges arising from contract modifications due to reference rate reform, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting,” in March 2020 to provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications. As such, modifications to debt contracts may be accounted for as a continuation of the existing contract by prospectively adjusting the effective interest rate. This amendment could be applied beginning March 12, 2020 through a sunset date of December 31, 2022. In December 2022, FASB issued ASU 2022-06, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848.” These amendments extend the period of time preparers can utilize the reference rate reform relief guidance in Topic 848. The objective of the guidance in Topic 848 is to provide relief during the temporary transition period, so the FASB included a sunset provision based on expectations of when LIBOR would cease being published. In 2021, the UK Financial Conduct Authority delayed the intended cessation date of certain tenors of USD LIBOR to June 30, 2023. To ensure the relief provided in Topic 848 covers the period of time during which a significant number of modifications may take place, ASU 2022-06 defers the sunset date from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the relief in Topic 848. ASU 2022-06 was effective upon issuance. The Company currently holds, but no longer issues, loan contracts that reference LIBOR.  The Company is evaluating the most effective manner in which to modify those contracts, but does not anticipate material financial impact.

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) created a new nondeductible 1% excise tax on repurchases of corporate stock by certain publicly traded corporations or their specified affiliates after December 31, 2022. The tax is imposed on the fair value of the stock of a covered corporation that is repurchased in a given year, less the fair market value of any stock issued in that year. A “covered corporation” is any domestic corporation whose stock is traded on an established securities market, such as an OTC market. The excise tax applies to all of the stock of a covered corporation regardless of whether the corporation has profits or losses. The act contains several exceptions to the excise tax, including, but not limited to, any repurchase of stock: in which the total value of the repurchased stock in a given year does not exceed $1,000,000; that is contributed to an employer-sponsored retirement plan or other similar stock compensation plan; that is taxed as a dividend. The impact of the IRA on our consolidated financial statements will be dependent on the extent of stock repurchases made in future periods.

ASU 2023-01 “Leases (Topic 842) – Common Control Arrangements” requires entities to determine whether a related party arrangement between entities under common control is a lease. If the arrangement is determined to be a lease, an entity must classify and account for the lease on the same basis as an arrangement with a related party (on the basis of legally enforceable terms and conditions). ASU 2023-01 is effective January 1, 2024 and is not expected to have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

From time to time the FASB issues exposure drafts of proposed statements of financial accounting standards. Such exposure drafts are subject to comment from the public, to revisions by the FASB and to final issuance by the FASB as statements of financial accounting standards. Management considers the effect of the proposed statements on the consolidated financial statements of the Company and monitors the status of changes to and proposed effective dates of exposure drafts.

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Note 14 – Mortgage Banking Derivatives

The Company enters into commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding, otherwise known as Interest Rate Lock Commitments (IRLCs). IRLCs on mortgage loans that will be held for resale are considered to be derivatives and must be accounted for at fair value on the balance sheet. Accordingly, such commitments are recorded at fair value in the mortgage banking derivatives asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded in income from mortgage banking within the consolidated statement of income. Fair value is based on anticipated margins determined by market movement from the original lock date and projected pull-through rates on each loan by loan product, loan stage, and loan purpose.

During the term of the IRLC, the Company is exposed to the risk that the interest rate will change from the rate quoted to the borrower. In an effort to mitigate interest rate risk, the Company also enters into mortgage forward sales commitments on a mandatory basis for future delivery of residential mortgage loans after an interest rate lock is committed to the borrower. Mandatory commitments require that the loan must be delivered to the investor or a pair-off fee be paid. These forward commitments are recorded at fair value in the mortgage banking derivatives asset or liability, and changes in fair value are recorded to income from mortgage banking within the consolidated statement of income. The fair value of the forward commitments is based on the gain or loss that would occur if the Company were to pair-off the transaction at the measurement date.

The Company also enters into purchase and sale agreements of to-be-announced mortgage-backed securities trades (TBAs). A TBA trade is a contract to buy or sell mortgage-backed securities on a specific date while the underlying mortgages are not announced until just prior to settlement. These TBA trades provide an economic hedge against the effect of changes in interest rates resulting from IRLCs. TBAs are accounted for as derivatives under FASB ASC 815 when either of the following conditions exist: (i) when settlement of the TBA trade is not expected to occur at the next regular settlement date (which is typically the next month) or (ii) a mechanism exists to settle the contract on a net basis. As a result, these instruments are recorded at fair value in the mortgage banking derivatives asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded in income from mortgage banking within the consolidated statement of income. The fair value of the TBA trades is based on the gain or loss that would occur if the Company were to pair-off the trade at the measurement date.

The following table reflects the notional amount and fair value of mortgage banking derivatives included in the balance sheet at fair value as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Notional Amount Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at March 31, 2023
Included in mortgage banking derivatives asset:
Interest rate lock commitments $ 19,003 $ 364
Forward sales commitments 373 10
To-be-announced mortgage-backed securities trades — —
Included in mortgage banking derivatives liability:
Interest rate lock commitments — —
Forward sales commitments — —
To-be-announced mortgage-backed securities trades 27,000 166
Balance at December 31, 2022
Included in mortgage banking derivatives asset:
Interest rate lock commitments — —
Forward sales commitments — —
To-be-announced mortgage-backed securities trades — —
Included in mortgage banking derivatives liability:
Interest rate lock commitments 8,863 95
Forward sales commitments — —
To-be-announced mortgage-backed securities trades 10,000 80

-31-

Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  These statements generally relate to estimates with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of the Company that are subject to various factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these estimates. These factors include, but are not limited to: increases in our past due loans and provision for credit losses that may result from local and/or broader economic effects, including the impacts of inflation and constraints on the availability of credit that may impact our borrowers; declines in general economic conditions, including increased stress in the financial markets, whether due to the recent high-profile bank failures or other factors; changes in interest rates, deposit flows, loan demand, real estate values, and competition; changes in accounting principles, policies, or guidelines; changes in legislation or regulation; and other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting the Company’s operations, pricing, products and services. Any use of “we” or “our” in the following discussion refers to the Company on a consolidated basis.

Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company’s total assets increased $25.9 million, from $1.02 billion to $1.05 billion.

Cash and cash equivalents increased $2.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, from $114.6 million to $117.4 million. The increase was related to continued growth in retail deposits.

Investment securities consist of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2023, investment securities increased $5.4 million to $360.4 million at March 31, 2023. At March 31, 2023, the Company had unrealized losses on securities available for sale of $35.3 million, compared to unrealized losses of $41.3 million at December 31, 2022, an improvement of $5.9 million. The improvement in the unrealized loss position, leading to the increase in value of securities, is directly related to the improvement in the market rates on our fixed income portfolio.

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASC 326, requiring credit loss reserves on held to maturity securities. The adoption resulted in a $70,000 allowance for credit losses on securities held to maturity, which was allowed as a one-time adjustment to retained earnings at adoption. During the first quarter of 2023, a $7,000 recovery was realized due to two maturing bonds, leaving a $63,000 allowance for credit losses on securities held to maturity at March 31, 2023.

At March 31, 2023, equity securities improved in value from $292,000 at December 31, 2022 to $326,000 as a result of the increase in value in the equity market.

Loans held for sale increased $1.3 million, as mortgage loan production increased during the first quarter of 2023 compared to December 31, 2022. Loans held for investment increased from $497.9 million at December 31, 2022 to $516.4 million at March 31, 2023, an increase of $18.5 million. The Company experienced a net increase in all loan sectors with the exception of commercial loans, SBA PPP loans, commercial real estate construction loans and commercial other loans. SBA PPP loans were issued during 2020 and 2021 as a result of the federal government’s response to helping small businesses affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The availability of new loans under the PPP ended on May 31, 2021. PPP loans are unsecured commercial loans, but are 100% guaranteed by the SBA if the loans comply with PPP requirements. Additional detail regarding the Company’s participation in the PPP and the limited remaining outstanding balance of such loans is contained in Note 6 (Loans Held for Investment) to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements appearing in Item 1 of this Report.

The allowance for loan losses was $2.3 million at December 31, 2022, which represented 0.46% of the total loans held for investment. On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASC 326, requiring a change to the allowance methodology. The result of the accounting standard adoption was a $2.4 million increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans, which was allowed as a one-time adjustment to retained earnings at adoption. At March 31, 2023, the model called for a $291,000 increase to our current expected credit losses to account for charge-offs during the quarter. The allowance as a percentage of loans held for investment was 0.89% at March 31, 2023. Additional discussion regarding the allowance is included in the Asset Quality section below.

Other changes in the Company’s consolidated assets are primarily related to deferred tax assets, which decreased $798,000 from $10.7 million as of December 31, 2022 to $9.9 million at March 31, 2023. The improvement in value of the available for sale security portfolio produced a recovery of deferred tax assets of $1.4 million, reduced by the $571,000 deferred tax asset recognized on the adoption of ASC 326.

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Customer deposits, our primary funding source, experienced a $20.1 million increase during the three-month period ended March 31, 2023, increasing from $939.9 million to $960.8 million, a 2.2% increase. The growth in the number of deposit accounts and relationship sizes contributed to the increase in deposits. As the banking subsidiary of the Company operates in a primarily rural market, many competitors have exited the markets where we remain, which has driven deposit growth in our current markets. Demand noninterest-bearing checking accounts increased $17.2 million and time deposits increased $35.8 million during the three-month period ended March 31, 2023. Interest checking and money market accounts decreased $29.4 million and savings deposits decreased $2.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Nearly $20.0 million of the decrease in interest checking and money market accounts and savings accounts has repriced and moved into the Company’s promotional time deposits. While the Company did not require funding for the balance sheet and has ample liquidity, the Company wants to ensure its depositors are paid a fair, market rate for their deposits.

Total short-term borrowings decreased $62,000 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023. At March 31, 2023, the Company had $29.4 million in long-term debt outstanding, which consists solely of its junior subordinated debt securities. During the third quarter of 2019, the Company issued $10.0 million in subordinated debt securities with a final maturity date of September 30, 2029 that may be redeemed on or after September 30, 2024. This junior subordinated debt pays interest quarterly at an annual fixed rate of 5.25%. During the third quarter of 2021, the Company issued $12.0 million and $8.0 million of 10-year and 15-year fixed-to-floating rate subordinated debt securities, respectively. The 10-year subordinated notes mature on September 3, 2031, though they are redeemable at the Company’s option on or after September 3, 2026, and initially pay interest quarterly at an annual rate of 3.5%. From and including September 3, 2026 to but excluding September 3, 2031, or up to any early redemption date, the interest rate on the 10-year subordinated notes will reset quarterly to an annual rate equal to the then-current three-month secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”), plus 283 basis points payable quarterly in arrears. The 15-year subordinated notes mature on September 3, 2036, though they are redeemable at the Company’s option on or after September 3, 2031, and initially pay interest quarterly at an annual rate of 4.0%. From and including September 3, 2031 to but excluding September 3, 2036, or up to any early redemption date, the interest rate on the 15-year subordinated notes will reset quarterly to an annual rate equal to the then-current three-month SOFR plus 292 basis points payable quarterly in arrears. The subordinated debt has been structured to qualify as and is included in the calculation of the Company’s Tier 2 capital. The Company also has a $3.0 million line of credit of which $3.0 million was available to use at March 31, 2023.

Other changes in the Company’s liabilities are related to an increase of $836,000 in other liabilities from December 31, 2022 to March 31, 2023 resulting primarily from accrual of reserves for payables due throughout 2023.

At March 31, 2023, total shareholders’ equity was $41.8 million, an increase of $4.4 million from December 31, 2022. This increase is largely a result of unrealized losses on investment securities, net of tax, decreasing by $4.5 million as the yield curve continues to steepen. Net income for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023 was $2.0 million, which positively contributed to our shareholders’ equity. ASC 326 was adopted on January 1, 2023, requiring an adoption entry to reduce retained earnings by the current expected credit losses adjustment, net of tax, of $1.9 million, which largely offset the impact of the Company’s first quarter 2023 net income. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company paid $139,000 in dividends attributable to noncontrolling interest. See Note 3 (Noncontrolling Interest) to the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of the noncontrolling interest.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Net Income and Net Income Available to Common Shareholders

Uwharrie Capital Corp reported net income of $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to $801,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $1.2 million. Net income available to common shareholders was $1.8 million, or $0.26 per common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $662,000, or $0.09 per common share, at March 31, 2022. Net income available to common shareholders is net income less dividends on the aforementioned noncontrolling interest.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $7.8 million, a $1.8 million increase from the $6.0 million reported for the comparative period in 2022. During the first three months of 2023, the average yield on our interest-earning assets increased 137 basis points to 4.34% from the same period in 2022, and the average rate we paid for our interest-bearing liabilities increased 108 basis points to 1.41%. These changes resulted in a higher interest rate spread of 2.92% as of March 31, 2023, compared to 2.63% as of March 31, 2022. The Company’s net interest margin was 3.31% and 2.73% for the comparable periods in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Federal Reserve Bank increased overnight rates seven times in 2022 for a total of 425 basis points, repricing many of the Company’s variable rate assets and deposit funding sources.

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The following table presents average balance sheet and a net interest income analysis for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively:

Average Balance Sheet and Net Interest Income Analysis

For the Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in thousands)
Average Balance Income/Expenses Rate/Yield
2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022
Interest-earning assets:
Taxable securities $ 294,184 $ 296,892 $ 2,492 $ 1,015 3.44 % 1.39 %
Non-taxable securities ^(1)^ 64,310 65,181 370 358 2.91 % 2.80 %
Short-term investments 109,602 88,426 1,070 40 3.96 % 0.18 %
Equity securities 293 392 5 5 6.92 % 5.17 %
Taxable loans 493,667 449,205 6,299 5,057 5.17 % 4.57 %
Non-taxable loans ^(1)^ 12,594 7,604 68 50 2.73 % 3.36 %
Total interest-earning assets 974,650 907,700 10,304 6,525 4.34 % 2.96 %
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits 676,106 597,942 2,116 177 1.27 % 0.12 %
Short-term borrowed funds 1,007 1,092 9 1 3.62 % 0.37 %
Long-term debt 29,477 29,541 334 336 4.60 % 4.61 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities 706,590 628,575 2,459 514 1.41 % 0.33 %
Net interest spread $ 268,060 $ 279,125 $ 7,845 $ 6,011 2.92 % 2.63 %
Net interest margin ^(1)^ (% of earning assets) 3.31 % 2.73 %
^(1)^ Yields related to securities and loans exempt from income taxes are stated on a fully tax-equivalent basis, assuming a 21% effective tax rate.
--- ---

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses on loans and securities held to maturity was $284,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to a provision of $118,000 for the same period in 2022. There were net loan charge-offs of $393,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to net loan recoveries of $13,000 during the same period of 2022. Refer to the Asset Quality section below for further information.

Noninterest Income

The Company places significant emphasis on diversification of revenue sources rather than relying solely upon interest income. Total noninterest income decreased by $647,000 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022. The primary factor contributing to the overall decline in noninterest income was a decrease of $573,000 in income from mortgage banking. This decrease is due to the reduction in production, particularly mortgage refinancing activity, as interest rates rose sharply during 2022. Additionally, negative market adjustments of supplemental executive retirement plans contributed $281,000 to the reduction in total noninterest income.

Interchange fees, or “swipe” fees, are charges that merchants pay to us and other card-issuing banks for processing electronic payment transactions. Interchange and card transaction fees consist of income from check card usage, point-of-sale income from PIN-based debit card transactions, ATM service fees, and credit card usage. A comparison of gross interchange and card transaction fees and net of associated network costs for the reported periods is presented in the table below:

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(in thousands)
Income from debit card transactions $ 553 $ 505
Income from credit card transactions 171 145
Gross interchange and transaction fee income 724 650
Network costs - debit card 256 254
Network costs - credit card 164 158
Total $ 304 $ 238

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased by $435,000 from the same period in 2022, to $7.1 million. Salaries and benefits, the largest component of noninterest expense, decreased $272,000 due to decreased commissions from reduced

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production in the mortgage division. As a result of production declines in the mortgage division, volume-driven loan costs decreased by $76,000 to $93,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Additionally, negative market adjustments of supplemental executive retirement plans contributed $287,000 to the reduction in total noninterest expense.

Total other noninterest expense increased $17,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the same period in 2022. Decreases in all categories below were offset by a $36,000 increase in other expense, which is due primarily to franchise tax expense and armored car service expense. The table below reflects the composition of other noninterest expense for the referenced periods.

Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
(in thousands)
Postage $ 60 $ 64
Telephone and data lines 50 57
Office supplies and printing 23 24
Shareholder relations expense 37 37
Dues and subscriptions 69 76
Other 339 303
Total $ 578 $ 561

Income Tax Expense

The Company had income tax expense of $471,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 at an effective tax rate of 19.4% compared to income tax expense of $168,000 with an effective tax rate of 17.3% in the comparable 2022 period. Income taxes computed at the statutory rate are primarily affected by the state income tax expense offset by the eligible amount of interest earned on state and municipal securities, tax-free municipal loans and income earned on bank-owned life insurance. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the effective tax rate increased due to the increase in interest expense disallowance resulting from compliance with the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (“TEFRA”). The larger disallowance is due to significantly greater projected interest expense for 2023 compared to 2022.

Asset Quality

The Company’s allowance for credit losses on loans is established through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for losses. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to operations and recoveries of amounts previously charged off and is reduced by recovery of provisions and loans charged off. Management continuously evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. In evaluating the adequacy of the allowance, management considers the following: the growth, composition and industry diversification of the portfolio; historical loan loss experience; current delinquency levels; adverse situations that may affect a borrower’s ability to repay; estimated value of any underlying collateral; prevailing economic conditions; and other relevant factors.

The allowance for credit losses on loans represents management’s estimate of lifetime credit losses inherent in loans as of the balance sheet date. The allowance for credit losses is estimated by management using relevant available information, from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company’s credit administration function, through a review process, periodically validates the accuracy of the initial risk grade assessment. In addition, as a given loan’s credit quality improves or deteriorates, the credit administration department has the responsibility to change the borrower’s risk grade accordingly.

The Company individually reviews loans with total relationship exposure greater than or equal to $100,000 that are determined to be collateral dependent. These collateral dependent loans are evaluated based on the fair value of the underlying collateral as repayment of the loan is expected to be made through the operation or sale of the collateral. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. When management determines that foreclosure is probable and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the expected credit losses are based on the fair value of collateral at the reporting date unadjusted for selling costs as appropriate. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires material estimates, including internal and external appraisal services. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the allowance for credit losses on loans and may require additions for estimated losses based upon judgments different from those of management.

The Company measures expected credit losses for loans on a pooled basis when similar risk characteristics exist.  The Company has identified segments for Consumer loans based on credit score and collateral and for Commercial loans based on risk grade and collateral.  The allowance for credit losses for each segment is calculated using a Non-Discounted Cash Flow methodology. Management uses a risk-grading program designed to evaluate the credit risk in the loan portfolio. In this program, risk grades are initially assigned by loan officers and then reviewed and monitored by credit administration. This process includes the maintenance of an internally classified loan list that is designed to help management assess the overall quality of the loan portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses

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on loans. In establishing the appropriate classification for specific assets, management considers, among other factors, the estimated value of the underlying collateral, the borrower’s ability to repay, the borrower’s payment history, and the current delinquent status.

Additionally, the allowance for credit losses calculation includes subjective adjustments for qualitative risk factors that are likely to cause estimated credit losses to differ from historical experience. These qualitative adjustments may increase or reduce reserve levels and include adjustments for lending management experience and risk tolerance, loan review and audit results, asset quality and portfolio trends, loan portfolio growth, industry concentrations, trends in underlying collateral, external factors and economic conditions not already captured.

At March 31, 2023, the level of our individually assessed loans, which includes all loans in nonaccrual status with exposure of more than $100,000 of collateral dependency, was $187,000.

The allowance, expressed as a percentage of gross loans held for investment, increased forty-three basis points from 0.46% at December 31, 2022 to 0.89% at March 31, 2023.  The initial adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023 added forty-eight basis points to the December 31, 2022 reported allowance as a percentage of gross loans held for investment. Activity and forecast updates within the CECL model from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023 required a reduction of 5 basis points in allowance as a percentage of loans.

The ratio of nonperforming loans, which consists of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days and still accruing, to total loans increased from 0.08% at December 31, 2022 to 0.11% at March 31, 2023, and was related to four nonaccrual relationships that were added during the first quarter of 2023, offset by one nonaccrual relationship that was moved to other real estate owned and one loan was charged off.

Other real estate owned increased to $142,000 at March 31, 2023 compared to $0 at December 31, 2022 as there was one loan foreclosed on during the first three months of 2023.

As of March 31, 2023, management believed the level of the allowance for credit losses on loans was appropriate in light of the risk inherent in the loan portfolio.

The following table shows the comparison of nonperforming assets at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

Nonperforming Assets

(dollars in thousands)

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Nonperforming assets:
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more $ — $ —
Nonaccrual loans 559 399
Other real estate owned 142 —
Total nonperforming assets $ 701 $ 399
Allowance for credit losses on loans $ 4,596 $ 2,290
Nonaccrual loans to total loans 0.11 % 0.08 %
Allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans 0.89 % 0.46 %
Allowance for credit losses on loans to nonaccrual loans 822.18 % 573.93 %

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The objective of the Company’s liquidity management policy is to ensure the availability of sufficient cash flows to meet all financial commitments and to capitalize on any opportunities for expansion. Liquidity management addresses the ability to meet deposit withdrawals on demand or at contractual maturity, to repay borrowings as they mature and to fund new loans and investments as opportunities arise.

The Company’s primary sources of internally generated funds are principal and interest payments on loans, cash flows generated from operations and cash flow generated by investments. Growth in deposits is typically the primary source of funds for loan growth. At both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, estimated uninsured deposits represented 24% of total deposits. The Company and its subsidiary bank have multiple funding sources, in addition to deposits, that can be used to increase liquidity and provide additional financial flexibility. At March 31, 2023, these sources were the subsidiary bank’s established federal funds lines with correspondent banks aggregating $38.0 million, with available credit of $38.0 million; an established borrowing relationship with the Federal Home Loan Bank, with available credit of $133.1 million; and access to borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank discount window, with available credit of $18.2 million. The Company also has a $3.0 million line of credit with TIB The Independent BankersBank, N.A.

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The line is held by the holding company and is secured with 100% of the outstanding common shares of the Company’s subsidiary bank. As of March 31, 2023, $3.0 million remained available for use on the line of credit. The Company has also secured long-term debt from other sources consisting of $29.4 million of junior subordinated debt at March 31, 2023 and $29.6 million at December 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes the Company’s interest bearing cash and cash equivalents as of the periods indicated.

March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Interest bearing cash and cash equivalents 117,378 114,581
Interest bearing cash and cash equivalents as a percent of:
Total loans held for investment 22.7 % 23.0 %
Total earning assets 11.8 % 11.9 %
Total deposits 12.2 % 12.2 %

Banks and bank holding companies, as regulated institutions, must meet required levels of capital. The Federal Reserve, the primary federal regulator of the Company and its subsidiary bank, has adopted minimum capital regulations or guidelines that categorize components and the level of risk associated with various types of assets.

The Company continues to maintain capital ratios that support its asset growth. The federal bank regulatory agencies have implemented regulatory capital rules known as “Basel III.” The Basel III rules require a common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets minimum ratio of 4.50%, a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 6.00%, a minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of 8.00%, and a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.00%. There is also a capital conservation buffer that requires banks to hold common equity Tier 1 capital in excess of minimum risk-based capital ratios by at least 2.5% to avoid limits on capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers and similar employees.  The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, resulting from unrealized gains and losses, net of income tax, on investment securities available for sale, is excluded from regulatory capital.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company’s subsidiary bank continued to exceed minimum capital standards and remained well-capitalized under the applicable rules.

The Company’s subsidiary bank has a net total of $10.6 million in outstanding Fixed Rate Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock. The preferred stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital at the Bank and pays dividends at an annual rate of 5.30%. The net total of $10.6 million is presented as noncontrolling interest at the Company level and qualifies as Tier 1 capital at the Company. At March 31, 2023, the Company had $29.4 million in subordinated debt outstanding, which qualifies as Tier 2 capital at the Company level. The Company has made all interest and dividend payments in a timely manner.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-balance sheet arrangements include transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements to which an unconsolidated entity of the Company is a party and pursuant to which the Company has obligations, including an obligation to provide guarantees on behalf of an unconsolidated entity, or retains an interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity. We currently have no off-balance sheet arrangements of this kind.

Derivative financial instruments include futures contracts, forward contracts, interest rate swaps, options contracts, and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. We have not engaged in significant derivative activities through March 31, 2023, with the exception of mortgage banking derivatives.  See Note 14 (Mortgage Banking Derivatives) to the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of mortgage banking derivatives.

Contractual Obligations

The timing and amount of our contractual obligations has not changed materially since our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 8, 2023.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

Disclosure under this item is not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

At the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Securities Exchange Act (“Exchange Act”) Rule 13a-15.

Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that in their opinion, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective (1) to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (2) to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company has evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the first quarter of 2023. In connection with such evaluation, the Company has determined that there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Company reviews its disclosure controls and procedures, which may include its internal control over financial reporting, on an ongoing basis, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and ensuring that the Company’s systems evolve with its business.

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Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries, nor any of their properties are subject to any material legal proceedings. From time to time, the Company’s subsidiary bank is engaged in ordinary routine litigation incidental to its business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Disclosure under this item is not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The following table sets forth information with respect to shares of common stock repurchased by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

(a) Total<br><br><br>Number of<br><br><br>Shares<br><br><br>Purchased (b) Average<br><br><br>Price Paid per<br><br><br>Share (c) Total Number<br><br><br>of Shares<br><br><br>Purchased as<br><br><br>Part of Publicly<br><br><br>Announced<br><br><br>Plans or Program^(1)^ (d) Maximum<br><br><br>Dollar Value (in thousands) of<br><br><br>Shares that May Yet<br><br><br>Be Purchased Under<br><br><br>the Plans
January 1, 2023 Through January 31, 2023 — $ — — $ —
February 1, 2023 Through February 28, 2023 — $ — — $ —
March 1, 2023 Through March 31, 2023 — $ — — $ —
Total — $ — — $ —

^(1)^ Trades of the Company’s common stock are quoted on the OTCQX Market from time to time. The Company also has in place a Stock Repurchase Plan that provides liquidity to its shareholders in the event a willing buyer is not available to purchase shares that are offered for sale. The Company is under no obligation to purchase shares offered; however, it will accommodate such offers as its Stock Repurchase Plan allows.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits.

Set forth below is the exhibit index for this quarterly report:

Exhibit<br><br><br>Number Description of Exhibit
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
31.2 Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
32 Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith)
101 Interactive data files providing financial information from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023, in inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) (filed herewith)
104 Cover page interactive data file (formatted in inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

UWHARRIE CAPITAL CORP
(Registrant)
Date: May 10, 2023 By: /s/ Roger L. Dick
Roger L. Dick
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: May 10, 2023 By: /s/ Heather H. Almond
Heather H. Almond
Principal Financial Officer

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uwhr-ex311_7.htm

Exhibit 31.1

UWHARRIE CAPITAL CORP

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

Pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a)

I, Roger L. Dick, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023 of Uwharrie Capital Corp (the “registrant”);
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
--- ---
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
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4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a – 15(f) and 15d – 15(f)) for the registrant and have:
--- ---
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
--- ---
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
--- ---
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
--- ---
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
--- ---
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
--- ---
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
--- ---
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
--- ---
Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Roger L. Dick
--- --- ---
Roger L. Dick
President and Chief Executive Officer

uwhr-ex312_8.htm

Exhibit 31.2

UWHARRIE CAPITAL CORP

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

Pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a)

I, Heather H. Almond, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023 of Uwharrie Capital Corp the (“registrant”);
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
--- ---
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
--- ---
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a – 15(f) and 15d – 15(f)) for the registrant and have:
--- ---
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
--- ---
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
--- ---
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
--- ---
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
--- ---
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
--- ---
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
--- ---
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
--- ---
Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Heather H. Almond
--- --- ---
Heather H. Almond
Principal Financial Officer

uwhr-ex32_6.htm

Exhibit 32

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350 as adopted pursuant

to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

The undersigned each hereby certifies that, to his or her knowledge, (i) the Form 10-Q filed by Uwharrie Capital Corp (the “Issuer”) for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and (ii) the information contained in that report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Issuer on the dates and for the periods presented therein.

Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Roger L. Dick
Roger L. Dick
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: May 10, 2023 /s/ Heather H. Almond
Heather H. Almond
Principal Financial Officer

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