Hello, and welcome to Glaukos Corporation's Second Quarter 2024 Financial Results Conference Call. Copies of the company's press release and quarterly summary document, both issued after the market closed today, are available at www.glaukos.com. All participants are currently in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. To note, this call is being recorded and an archived replay will be available online in the Investor Relations section at www.glaukos.com. I will now turn the call over to Chris Lewis, Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs.

Thank you, and good afternoon. Joining me today are Glaukos’ Chairman and CEO, Tom Burns; President and COO, Joe Gilliam; and CFO, Alex Thurman. Similar to prior quarters, the company has posted a document on its Investor Relations website under the Financials and Filings quarterly results section titled Quarterly Summary. This document is designed to provide the investment community with a summarized and easily accessible reference document that details the key facts associated with the quarter, the state of the company’s business objectives and strategies, and any forward statements or guidance we may make. This document is designed to be read by investors before the regularly scheduled quarterly conference call. As such, for this call, we will make brief prepared remarks and transition into a question-and-answer session. To ensure ample time and opportunity to address everyone’s questions, we request that you limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. If you still have additional questions, you may get back into the queue. Please note that all statements other than statements of historical facts made on this call that address activities, events or developments we expect, believe, or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. These include statements about our plans, objectives, strategies, and prospects regarding, among other things, our sales, products, pipeline technologies and clinical trials, U.S. and international commercialization, market development efforts, the efficacy of our current and future products, competitive market position, regulatory strategies and reimbursement for our products, financial condition and results of operations, as well as the expected impact of general macroeconomic conditions, including foreign currency fluctuations on our business and operations. These statements are based on current expectations about future events affecting us and are subject to risks, uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Therefore, they may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Review today's press release and our recent SEC filings for more information about these risk factors. You'll find these documents in the Investors section of our website at www.glaukos.com. Finally, please note that during today's call, we will also discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures, including results on an adjusted basis. We believe these financial measures can facilitate a more complete analysis and greater transparency into Glaukos ongoing results of operations, particularly when comparing underlying results from period to period. Please refer to the tables in our earnings press release available on the investor relations section of our website for a reconciliation of these measures for their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. So with that, I will turn the call over to Glaukos Chairman and CEO, Tom Burns.

All right. Thanks, Chris. Good afternoon, and thank you all for joining us. Today, Glaukos reported record second quarter consolidated net sales of $95.7 million, up 19% on a reported basis and 20% on a constant currency basis versus the year ago quarter. As a result of our strong performance, we are raising our full-year 2024 net sales guidance range to $370 to $376 million versus $357 to $365 million previously. Our second quarter record results were broad based, with growth being driven by both our U.S. interventional glaucoma franchises where we continue to accelerate efforts to expand access to interventional glaucoma tools for the benefit of physicians and patients. Our goal to advance and improve glaucoma care by driving earlier intervention continues to build momentum as we lead and work closely with surgeons and thought leaders globally to organically drive this broader evolution in the standard of care. Within our U.S. glaucoma franchise, we delivered record second quarter sales of $49.8 million on strong year-over-year growth of 26%, driven once again by strong growth within our overall iStent portfolio, led by iStent infinite, along with early but growing contributions from iDose TR. Utilization of iStent infinite for glaucoma patients that have failed medical and surgical therapy continues to expand as our ongoing clinical education efforts and improving market access landscape takes hold. Importantly, during the second quarter, five of the seven MACs issued draft makes LCDs that established coverage for iStent infinite that is consistent with our original reconsideration request. We have actively supported industry efforts to encourage areas of improvement in these draft LCDs and look forward to their finalization as we expect it will be an important step in unlocking the remaining Medicare Advantage and commercial plan coverage for iStent infinite. Turning to iDose TR. I'm pleased to report that we successfully advanced execution of our detailed launch plans for this first-of-its-kind intracameral procedural pharmaceutical that was designed to deliver glaucoma drug therapy for up to three years. Outcomes and feedback from early cases continue to be very positive and reaffirm our view that with the launch of iDose TR, we are pioneering a brand new therapeutic category that has the potential to reshape glaucoma management as we know it today. During the quarter, we successfully expanded access of iDose TR to all of our sales field personnel while continuing to target those surgical facilities comfortable utilizing a miscellaneous drug code. In addition to our commercial efforts, the launch has been supported by a growing set of clinical literature, now consisting of seven different peer-reviewed publications highlighting iDose TR as a transformative new treatment alternative for patients suffering with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. A key element to the stage-gating of our iDose TR commercial launch is market access. As scheduled, the unique permanent J-code for iDose TR, J7355, became effective earlier this month on July 1, 2024. This now effective J-code is expected to increase patient access and will allow us to expand training plans to future ways of surgeons and facilities. We're also advancing efforts to secure professional fee coverage and payment with MACs as well as establish commercial and Medicare Advantage coverage now that the permanent J-code is effective. As noted in the past, we expect increasing adoption as reimbursement confidence is gained by our customers over the remainder of 2024 and more specifically in the fourth quarter heading into 2025. Earlier this month, CMS issued their proposed 2025 facility fee and professional fee rules that as drafted largely maintain the 2024 reimbursement assignments and rates associated with our procedures. Finally, as promised, we have now engaged the FDA in a formal regulatory dialogue regarding the administration of iDose TR, and beyond that remain on track to commence a Phase 3 clinical trial for iDose TREX, our next-generation iDose therapy by the end of 2024. Moving on, our international glaucoma franchise delivered record sales of $26.1 million on year-over-year growth of 17% on a reported basis and 21% on a constant currency basis. The strong growth was once again broad based as we continue to scale our international infrastructure and execute our plans to drive MIGS forward as a standard of care in each region and major market in the world. During the quarter, we also finalized a new French CEPS agreement that provides for adjusted rebate tiers and successfully expanded the addressable patient population to reflect the growing adoption of iStent inject W in France. The net effect of this new agreement was favorable to our second quarter reported revenues and is expected to remain a tailwind for the remainder of 2024. While we remain in the early stages of expanding our IG initiatives globally, our efforts are progressing well, evidenced by several recent international regulatory approvals, including for iStent inject W in China and standalone usage indication for iStent inject W in Japan, alongside the approvals of both iStent infinite and iDose TR in Brazil earlier this year. Finally, our Corneal Health franchise delivered sales of $19.8 million on 7% year-over-year growth, including Photrexa sales of $16.7 million. As discussed last quarter, our second quarter results reflect the impact of Photrexa realized revenues as a result of our entry as a company into MDRP. Shifting gears, we continue to prudently invest in and successfully advance our pipeline of novel promising platform technologies that we believe have the ability to significantly expand our addressable markets and fundamentally transform our company over time. This includes Epioxa, our next generation corneal cross-linking therapy for which we continue to progress towards data readout in the second half of this year for the second Phase 3 pivotal study supporting our NDA submission that remains on target for the end of 2024. Beyond Epioxa, we also continue to make encouraging progress across our robust portfolio of clinical and preclinical programs focused in the areas of glaucoma, retina, and Ménière's disease where our milestone targets and associated timelines remain on track and unchanged versus previous disclosures. We remain excited about the significant potential value that we believe our pipeline programs may create. At the same time, as we've discussed, we continue to prioritize the cadence of our investments as we strive to strike the right balance of risk-based spending and our capital position now and in the future. On that front, during the second quarter, we opportunistically executed a transaction to exchange $230 million in principal amount or 80% of our convertible senior notes due 2027 for common stock, helping to further solidify our already strong capital position through deleveraging and derisking of our balance sheet, as well as a significant reduction in future cash interest expense. This convert originally issued in June 2020 during the height of the pandemic has proved to be a beneficial financial instrument that provides us with the financial flexibility to continue investing in our pipeline through COVID and other reimbursement-related uncertainties. In conclusion, I'm pleased with the strong commercial development execution of our teams that have demonstrated so far this year. We look forward to continuing to build upon the growing momentum in our business over the course of the coming quarters and years. Our foundation is strong and we are ideally positioned to continue transforming vision for the benefit of patients worldwide. So with that, I'll open the call for questions.

Operator? Our first question comes from the line of Tom Stephan from Stifel.

Maybe I'll start with iDose. Any comments on 2Q '24 sales contribution or instead maybe any color on the base growth in US glaucoma if you prefer to give that. And then if you could also comment on 3Q trends you're seeing with the J-code now in place, that'd be fantastic.

Not even a softball warm-up before we dive into the iDose questions, but I'm happy to start there and then we can take it further as you guys deem. I'll start with the overall US glaucoma performance. Obviously, Tom alluded to the strength there with growth once again accelerating in the second quarter to 26% on a year-over-year basis. And that was driven both by mid-teens growth yet again from our iStent portfolio and infinite standalone utilization in particular alongside better than expected contributions from iDose TR. I think the second part of your question is we think about the third quarter with the J-code in place and now we've got to work our way through the first month of that. I think it's important to say, I mean, obviously we continue to be positive about the progress we're making with iDose launch in general, a ton of which happened in the second quarter as we make our way through July that continues. In some respects Q3, as we've said all along, is a bit of a, I'll call it, a reset moment as you get the J-code in place. And on the positive side, you'll have some accounts where their administration will now allow those first cases once the J-code has been established entering the quarter. Frequently though, you also need to see that get billed and ultimately see reimbursement working before you'll fully open that up. And those same dynamics hold true for many of the accounts that did their first procedures on a miscellaneous code during the second quarter. So I think as we make our way through here, you hope to continue knocking down those hurdles and really see that momentum build from where we were at certainly in the first half of the year.

So just as a quick follow-up, if I dial in maybe 16%, 17% growth in the core US glaucoma business, I'm arriving at around call it $9 million of iDose. Is that fair? And then my follow-up would just be just on profitability for breakeven on a cash flow basis, is it some point in 2025 for the total company maybe a reasonable target as we think about iDose accretion really starting to take hold in a more meaningful way?

I'll start and then I'll hand it over to Alex to discuss profitability. I don't think your calculations are quite accurate, and you can revisit that. I'm not going to specify a particular number, but I want to emphasize what we mentioned regarding the overall growth profile of the business, which is supported by mid-teens growth from the iStent portfolio and a larger than anticipated contribution from iDose. Alex, would you like to discuss profitability?

On profitability, Tom, it's obviously a great question and top of mind. As we look forward, we've always said that the company would look at profitability on the other side of iDose, we're getting there. To your point, you talked about 2025 and that's going to be a key year for us as far as iDose ramps up. Our goal internally to be quite frank is to get back to a place where we are getting to cash flow breakeven and then starting to generate cash as opposed to having a focus on profitability in the near term. As Tom mentioned in his opening remarks, we've got a rich pipeline, there's a lot of value there, there's lots of investments to be made. But we really would like to get back to cash flow breakeven and then start to build up that cash flow over time. I do think in 2025 we should start to see some of that occur.

Our next question comes from the line of Larry Biegelsen from Wells Fargo.

Joe, if I look at the midpoint of the guidance range, it appears the growth rates are pretty similar in the first half and second half. Why wouldn't growth be higher in the second half given the ramp of iDose? And I guess is your commentary on the J-code earlier that iDose sales, you're not expecting to go up sequentially in Q3?

A couple of things to unpack there as it relates to the guidance and seasonality. I mean, obviously as you alluded to, we're super pleased with how the first half of 2024 shaped up and then we were able to raise our full year guidance by even more than the Q2 outperformance. As you look to translate that into, I'll call it, our growing momentum into the second half, I want to point to a couple of key things. The first, the normal considerations around Q3 seasonality, which I'm happy to elaborate on more and the FX headwinds that we called out as a part of our press release. You're also fairly aware of the continued impact of the MDRP as a headwind to our cornea franchise with the most significant of that impact likely expected in the fourth quarter. When you think about iDose TR and the growing focus on our commercialization there, we want to be a little bit cautious that as we clear the expected market access headwinds and hurdles, if you will, it may dampen some of the performance we've seen out of the stent portfolio in the first half as our sales organization leans further and further into obviously the iDose launch. The last thing really is kind of what I alluded to with Tom's question, which is the third quarter being a bit of a J-code transition quarter. It's really hard to pinpoint in such a small and precise period of time, Larry, when you're in a launch like this. The reality is that the sooner some of these things start to play their way through from a payment standpoint on the J-code in the quarter we’ll accrue some more benefit in this quarter. But it's hard to nail that down in the context of such a precise period of time. All I can really say is that as we look at the overall launch thus far, we're increasingly confident in where we're headed with this product and what it's going to mean, certainly, as we get into the fourth quarter and translate that into 2025 and beyond.

I hate to do this, but a math question, Joe, another way of looking at it. US Glaucoma sales were up about $4 million to $5 million sequentially in Q2 last year and the year before. This year, US glaucoma sales are up about $8 million sequentially. Should we just assume the difference this year versus prior years is primarily iDose or roughly $3 million to $4 million sequential increase in iDose?

I mean, I think there's a handful of ways that you can try to back into the specific number that's there. I think that where you're headed on that is probably closer to reality than, I think, the early math that was suggested before. But most importantly is that we made significant progress in the second quarter with iDose and that's while having, obviously, the imposition of miscellaneous C-code in that environment there. So again, that combined with the continued clinical feedback that we've been receiving really drives that confidence we've got and how that's been translated into the increased guidance that we gave today.

Our next question comes from the line of Ryan Zimmerman from BTIG.

I'll keep the fastballs go and not give you any softballs there. So Tom, I want to ask about your conversations, your early feedback on the re-administration potential with iDose. Do you know at this point whether you needed a trial for that, kind of where do they stand on your existing data? They include, obviously, re-administration. Anything that you can kind of share with us at this point that maybe sets up of your outlook on that potential?

So as you know, we've talked about, we've submitted the reconsideration request. We'll begin an active dialog with the FDA, which I presume will be over the next several months. They don't have a statutory obligation to respond to us in a specific period of time. And so they're not bound by typical impositions and we may go back and forth as we look at this over time. I think as I talked about before, it was kind of a late stage in our mind the decision by the FDA to restrict this to a single administration. So we didn't have the opportunity to make the fulsome case at the tail end of the NDA adjudication prior to our successful approval. So now we have that opportunity. So the short answer is no. We don't need any additional clinical trial information or clinical trial performance to be done. I think what we need to do and what we are doing is presenting the narrative and a compelling case given the data that we've already been able to perform and have available, and I think we have a strong case. Having said that, we know that the conservatism of the FDA we suspect drew the initial decision. So I have been counting both investors and analysts to let's not get over our skis here. We're hopeful we may be able to make progress. But we're not counting on it. So we'll make every successful effort to apply for re-administration of the iDose device. What I've said before and I believe is that we have a belt and suspenders approach here. If we're successful moving forward with iDose TREX, which we're on track to begin the clinical trials by the end of the year, if you do the chronology, I suspect we'll be in a position to become a de facto device and a procedural pharmaceutical re-administration component for those patients that have served the full term of their initial iDose device. So I like where we're at. I like how we're approaching this. I think we will make a strong case, and then we'll see. I clearly will keep you and the investment community informed once I've received a final decision from the FDA.

And then my second question is just around what you're seeing today with adoption of iDose? And what I want to understand is, are you seeing competitive switches from iDose, are you seeing the adoption of iDose either before drops, after drops, before SLT? Can you just kind of talk about where iDose is shaping up in kind of that treatment paradigm?

Ryan, I'll start and Tom may want to add color on this too. From our standpoint, I think it's a little bit early to be making grand calls around exactly when and where it's being adopted. But I'll comment a little bit on where we expect it to be adopted. From that standpoint, when you think about the label that exists with iDose, we would expect it to be an early option for intervention in standalone patients regardless of their disease severity going forward. To your point, I think each surgeon will have a different view on the algorithm, which they deploy it. Some will likely follow SLT, some will follow medications, some will put it in front of that. But in general, what you're seeing with the overall interventional glaucoma shift is a mindset towards more proactive therapy for these patients and not relying on disease progression following years of increasing drop therapy. I think all parties will benefit from that, and in particular iDose TR and Glaukos.

Our next question comes from the line of Matthew O'Brien from Piper Sandler.

This is Phil on for Matt. Thanks for taking our questions and congrats on the record quarter. Just for starters, I think Q1 saw 15 total implanting surgeons with about six weeks total of rollout. Any update on the implanting surgeon base in Q2? And just to keep the quick math train rolling here, I think we triangulated about just under one iDose per surgeon per week in Q1. Is that the right way to think about things, especially in Q2?

I believe everything related to the launch has gone as we planned and communicated. While unexpected events can arise, we've had positive developments so far. In terms of market access, we've observed progress with facility features and the J-code in the second quarter, as well as advancements in professional fees. The first schedules in the Noridian region emerged last quarter, indicating ongoing progress in that area. From a commercial sales perspective, we expanded our early access program, initially planned for the top 10 to 15 surgeons in the first quarter, to include our entire U.S. glaucoma sales force in the second quarter, leading to notable improvements reflected in our results. There remains a challenge with practices that are accustomed to navigating the complexities associated with executing the miscellaneous drug code, so it's important not to overlook that. However, it's too early to provide detailed insights into the number of trained surgeons and the average procedures they are performing each week. We'll gain a clearer understanding of these trends as we progress through the year and approach 2025.

Could you provide an update on iDose? There's growing excitement not just among friends and family but also among the wider Glaukos user base. Are any competitors losing business to iDose, and do you think increased adoption of iDose could positively impact your core stent business?

Yes, I mean, I think that in general, we've invested an awful lot of capital and time to generate an exceptional amount of data that surrounds all of our products. Whether that be the legacy iStent inject, in combination with cataract or iStent infinite now iDose, I think the totality of that portfolio is pretty compelling to practices as they think about the evolution of their care for these patients. I certainly hope that we're benefiting from that. And as you referenced the sort of halo effect, the ability to treat patients first and foremost with iDose and ultimately as the disease progresses with iStent infinite is a pretty compelling value proposition that I think we're just now beginning to capitalize on.

Our next question comes from the line of Allen Gong from JP Morgan.

This is actually Rohan on for Alan. I was hoping that you could elaborate a bit more on what you meant by reset in the third quarter. Obviously, I understand the J-code transition. But in light of that, when do you kind of expect to get to a full launch for iDose and what are kind of expectations around run rate exiting 2024 and into 2025?

I think first I'll start the elaboration on it. I think a launch like this, there's rarely a single black-and-white event that creates the unlocking. I think the J-code, as we've always alluded, is an important component of that. I think as you get into the fourth quarter and you have the J-code with the published ASP that's an important component of that. As the proceeds continue to be established and become more solidified, that's an important component of that. I think as you continue to move forward, quite frankly, as I said earlier, we're going to have more accounts, I think, start to open up. We've already seen that where they're just more comfortable operating in a J-code environment than a C-code. But they're still going to want to see a payment or two before they really allow the surgeons to run and do what they want clinically. You have to kind of overcome that first basic hurdle and establish reimbursement confidence, whether that's through the payment of the miscellaneous C-code and those claims are outstanding, or it's the payment of the J-code as we get going. Sitting here today, obviously, for those folks who've done procedures in the month of July, they'll have just now been submitting those and those things will start to be adjudicated and paid over the course of the quarter. It gets very difficult for us to then translate how quickly that also translates into increased surgical volumes and clinical adoption based on the clinical merits of the product versus the, I'll call it, the reimbursement confidence piece. That's why you've heard us consistently say that the third quarter is a positive step in the right direction but it is a transition into what we think will translate into growing momentum in the fourth quarter going into 2025. I probably stopped short of quantifying that specifically. But as you think about your models and you're working on our guidance and what we've implied through the commentary for the third and fourth quarter, I think that starts to give you a sense of what that means for iDose as we exit the year and enter next.

Our next question comes from the line of Harrison Parsons from Stephens.

I wanted to start on your guidance, and specifically the domestic glaucoma revenue segment of that. I was wondering if for the remainder of 2024, if the base stenting business, we should expect that same mid-teens growth and then whatever is incremental should be from iDose, is that the way we should be thinking about it?

Harrison, I think I might make a slight tweak to what you just said. I think it was asked a little bit earlier. One of the things that we're anticipating or at least preparing for as a part of providing guidance today is that as our team increasingly focuses on the iDose TR commercialization, that could create some growth headwinds, if you will, relative to what we experienced in the first half in our broader portfolio in the US glaucoma. So said in different way, I think we've seen obviously a strong pattern emerge in the first half of mid-teens type growth in our stent portfolio. I'm not sure that we're counting on that obviously as we make our way through the second half and the attention increasingly turns to iDose TR. I do think I can provide a little bit more color in terms of the directional growth by franchise to help here. I think as we think about it for the full year in the revised guidance, I would expect the cornea business to deliver low single-digit growth for 2024 and I'd expect international glaucoma business to continue along the strong trajectory it's had and to ultimately deliver low to mid-teens growth for the year, reflecting the strong first half performance. If you do that math, it implies US Glaucoma year-over-year growth of sort of the high 20s to approaching nearly 30% on a year-over-year basis when it's all said and done for 2024.

So I wanted to move towards the sales force strategy. I know you've talked about a phased launch there. I know all of your reps are calling on surgeons now. But could you give any more color on how many surgeons each rep is going after, is it just their top one or two? And I guess what I'm really asking is when are we going to be at a full sprint there with all of your sales force going out to all of their accounts?

Every member of our sales team will be at a different stage in their journey as they promote the launch. I would describe it similarly to what we mentioned in the last call: initially, we focus on enabling a few surgeon targets, which may be one or two for some, while others may engage with a few more as they become comfortable with launching a product like iDose. As we progress into the third quarter, we'll start to expand this in waves. At this point, it is less about the specific number of surgeons we're supporting with the sales force. The key factor is when payment starts to flow through with the J-code, and for those who have already worked under the C-code, that will be important as well.

Our next question comes from the line of Margaret Kaczor from William Blair.

I'm going to keep on the iDose trend at least for the first one. As we think about the number of accounts that have implanted iDose and the doc trainings that you've done on the back end, you're sort of referencing the J-code and all these catalysts that should hopefully unlock more of those. I guess, A, do you expect a meaningful increase in implanters versus kind of what we saw in the Q2 case? And then at what point do you hit a consistent quarter run rate for doc training, or you've got kind of infinite capacity, no pun intended, where that can go?

I'm going to sound a little bit like a broken record, I think, here. But in many ways, the gating item here to that consistency, I'll call it, of the ramp and the number of doctors being trained in any given quarter, et cetera, is really based upon when we start to see the consistent and recurring and predictable payment of the J-code. We expect that in relatively short order, let me be clear. But from that standpoint, as you enter into the third quarter, it's a normal grinding of the process, if you will, as the MACs, for example, bring the J-code online, as they start to adjudicate these things and pay them in a more typical payment cycle that the account can count on. At that point, administrators stop becoming the ones who are dictating access to the product and it becomes adopted from the clinical side. The things that we all know, the benefits that we all know exist for utilization of iDose TR. That's the reason why I think when you all do your surveys, you see such positive feedback from the surgeons who are thinking about it from a clinical standpoint how they would adopt that. I think as we get ourselves through the third quarter and certainly as we enter into the fourth quarter and exit the year, I think we're going to start to see a lot more clinical adoption versus, I'll call it, market access or reimbursement related to conservatism.

I'll shift the focus to infinite, as you frequently mention its success. Is it accurate to say that infinite is still larger than iDose at this time? Additionally, as we consider the factors driving interest in infinite, could you provide insights on the types and numbers of accounts that have adopted it, as well as any guidance you have for the year?

I mean, I think first, absolutely, our stent portfolio and iStent infinite remain the dominant component of our overall portfolio. If you just think back to what I said earlier in the call, with mid-teens growth on a year-over-year basis that implies that it's obviously the largest chunk of our US glaucoma revenue basis that exists today. Now I do expect and we all do expect that will shift quickly here as iDose continues to ramp. But as we sit here today, infinite is still the largest contributor to the overall portfolio on the US glaucoma side. What's driving it? I think it's exactly what it's intended for. As we enter into this year and coverage was there and established in a much more predictable and recurring way, our customers started to focus on the intended use case of the product, which is for those patients who failed surgical medical therapy. If you think about it, for those patients, it just makes sense to intervene first with infinite before moving on to more invasive procedures is what you'd want for your family member in the same situation. I think as our sales force is able to have that clinical conversation with these customers, you see more and more adoption of our surgeons utilizing exactly as it was intended.

Our next question comes from the line of David Saxon from Needham.

This is Joseph on for David. Two questions, I guess, on the iDose and I'll just ask them together. In the quarter, gross margin improvement, how much of that was maybe driven by iDose? And then looking just like towards launch throughout the rest of the year, is there any plans on hiring on the back of the iDose launch? You had mentioned maybe that the broader portfolio could see some headwinds from attention there. So I was just wondering if that was contemplated in the plan.

I'll take the first question on the margin. We did have a little bit of a modest year-over-year increase in margin. It fell within our expected range of 82% to 84%. I wouldn't say iDose was a major driver of that. In fact, quite honestly, the iDose facility that we turned on tends to be right now a headwind to our margin as we intend to see these inefficiencies in manufacturing as you scale up production on these product launches. So at this point, we expect to see the margin accretion continue to expand over the course of next year on the back of the iDose as it fully launches.

And as it relates to the sales force and hiring plans, I think we've always been consistent in how we look at this and we're going to stay true to the same approach we've had for a long time now, which is we're always evaluating territories and opportunities where territories get to a scale that it makes sense to grow our sales force. We have no plans as it stands here today to make wholesale changes to the size of the structure of our force. But I would expect that over time organically we'll be adding folks to support the needs of the glaucoma business.

Our next question comes from the line of Joanne Wuensch from Citibank.

I want to shift gears just a little bit to OUS MIGS. I'm curious what is going on there that's driving, let's call it, ex-FX 20% plus kind of growth. And also, if my memory is correct, when you gave initial 2024 revenue guidance, it was for that segment to be low to mid-teens. Seems like that might need to be updated or the second half is really going to have a problem.

I'll start on the latter first. When we started the year what we said or at least on the last call was that you should expect low to mid double-digit growth from that international business. On this call today, I referenced low to mid-teens growth. So in fact there for the year that does imply a step up in the overall growth profile. I can point to a couple of things. You heard Tom reference obviously the French agreement. But I think the biggest thing there continues to be the blocking and tackling of our teams across markets out there. We're still in the relatively early inning of changing the standard of care in the combination cataract market in many of these areas. We're just now starting to turn on new product introductions and approvals that you heard Tom reference as well as beginning to follow that with increasing focus on the interventional glaucoma opportunity and standalone care of these patients proactively, just as we're doing here in the US. I think we continue to be enthusiastic about the opportunity outside of the United States and in these international markets. Having said that, you've always got currency considerations there. We have competitive launches. We've been dealing with that for the last couple of years. We continue to see that now and that takes time to work through as folks try and trial and hopefully ultimately come back to products they know and trust in the Glaukos portfolio. So we feel confident about where we're headed with that franchise, and I think the increased guidance in that area reflects that.

And the timeline for bringing iDose outside the United States, what would that be?

Yes, from an iDose standpoint, the first thing you do is get the approval in the United States and that was the focus. And then from there, you shift your attention, in our case, to evaluating various markets internationally. That's a complex environment, as you know, in the context of the world where reference pricing and things like that exist. I think we'll be cautious about how we approach iDose TR and the timing of any market entries outside the US for now. But we'll keep you updated as we continue to make progress on that evaluation.

Our next question comes from the line of Rich Newitter from Truist Securities.

Could you go over the components of the guidance range? You provided some details, but I want to confirm that I have everything correct. It seems that international glaucoma has seen a slight increase, with your estimates now between low double digits to low to mid-teens. In the U.S., glaucoma is expected to rise to the high 20% to low 30% range, which is also an increase. It appears that the incremental contribution from iDose might be overshadowed by the sales from the rest of the glaucoma portfolio due to time management issues. Is there anything else I should know? Did I capture everything correctly, and can you provide any numbers to clarify?

Taking a step back, just to confirm the first part of what you said, I think the punchline is in the revised guidance, it's guiding up on the international side, it's guiding up on the US glaucoma side. From a macro standpoint, if you think about it, we beat the quarter, I think, by something like $7 million. When you look at the midpoint, we raised our guidance by 12. All of that is incremental as we think about the overall growth profile of the business. From the cornea side, the low single-digit is probably a tick down from where we were at on our prior call, all really related to our entry into the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, which we've talked about on previous calls. I think from a US standpoint, you largely captured that right. What I said was as you can imagine, our sales force is going to be increasing, leading into the iDose TR launch. It's going to take an increasing amount of their time as they're turning on and training surgeons as we make our way through the second half. While I hope this doesn't happen, we're preparing for, financially, in our guidance, some dampening of the growth profile that we saw in the first half in our stent portfolio.

I understand that you are not providing a specific iDose number for Q2, but regardless of whether it's 4 million or something else, if you were in our position, would you prefer to see the consensus modeling stay roughly flat sequentially, followed by a significant increase in Q4, or would you rather see a slight increase in Q3 and a larger rise in Q4? Any guidance you can provide would be helpful for calibrating consensus in relation to your expectations.

In terms of seasonality, generally speaking, the demand in ophthalmology tends to be stronger in the second and fourth quarters compared to the first and third. Over the past few years, we've observed a sequential decline of several million dollars from the second to the third quarter. We expect that trend to continue this year, with growth for iDose likely leaning more towards the fourth quarter, as we've mentioned before. It’s challenging to determine the exact impact of the launch on the third versus fourth quarter. Additionally, it's hard to predict when increases in surgical volumes and clinical adoption will occur, influenced by both the product's clinical advantages and reimbursement confidence. We have stated that the third quarter is a positive sign, leading into what we believe will be stronger momentum in the fourth quarter as we move into 2025. However, I would refrain from providing a specific quantification at this moment.

Our next question comes from the line of Steve Lichtman from Oppenheimer.

I want to actually ask just on US Corneal Health. I appreciate all of the full year guidance. How should we be thinking about that business after you anniversary the MDRP? Do you anticipate it picking up, or you have some device-related headwinds as we get closer to Epi-on? So how do you think about that as we move past this?

From the Corneal Health side, you set it up correctly. First thing you have to do is sunset some of the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program entry headwinds. Some of those could persist into 2025 as well as that adoption in the Medicaid arena continues to grow and the rebates grow alongside of them. But as we get past that from a gross to net adjustment standpoint, our expectation is that the underlying business ex that dynamic should be returning back to or exceeding the kind of growth that we've expected in the past from that franchise than what you saw in 2023. Ultimately, a lot of the activities that we are doing and will do would be in anticipation of preparation for a very important launch in the Epioxa product as we exit 2025 and enter into 2026.

I'll take the OpEx question. Our OpEx is trending along exactly how we were trying to guide it for the year. If you recall, we had said to expect OpEx to grow this year around 10% off a base of about $360 million from last year. That puts you at a full year OpEx around $400 million. Through the first half, we have spent $192 million. If you just sequentially take a little modest step up over the next two quarters, you can get to the $400 million and that's what we'd expect for the year.

And our last question comes from the line of Anthony Petrone from Mizuho.

I will continue discussing the iDose topic. My first question pertains to the strategy for the 20% of Medicare fee-for-service patients. I've observed that there seems to be some sticker shock regarding the out-of-pocket costs for those patients, particularly when two stents are required. Is there a plan to address that financial gap for the 20% of Medicare fee-for-service patients? As we consider iDose's trajectory as it approaches its product launch, you mentioned potential additions to the sales force relating to the $400 million. Could it be that by 2025 and into 2026, the pace of adding to the sales force will stabilize, allowing us to see greater leverage in the middle of the profit and loss statement? Is that the appropriate timeline?

Let's take a step back, something I think we talked about on prior calls around the payer landscape. All of this was factored into the significant amount of work we did in arriving at the price point for iDose TR and looking at it from an access standpoint in that context. You have to break it down into the three constituent parts. For traditional Medicare fee-for-service, I think that's what you were referencing with the 20% comment. The vast majority of patients actually have low to no out-of-pocket because of secondary insurance coverage. From that standpoint, access for the vast majority of those patients really shouldn't be limited based upon the price point that you're talking about. The second group that I'll focus on is the commercial payer and commercial patient population. For that, I think where you were referencing the balance, et cetera, we should expect that, yes, we will have a co-pay assistance program like all drug companies of similar price drugs to take that burden off the table for those patients that have commercial insurance. For those patients who tend to see them get treated more often than not in the later stages of the years when they've actually improved their out-of-pocket maximums through other procedures earlier in the year. We expect for that patient population to weight more towards the back half of any given fiscal year. As it relates to the iDose sales force, I want to clarify something there. When I talk about organic adds for us in there, I really do mean nothing wholesale. Ophthalmology, in general, and certainly surgical ophthalmology, there's quite a bit of leverage ability in that. Our expectation would be that you start to see the leverage, sooner rather than later as it relates to the iDose and the launch in our sales force.

Okay, I want to thank everybody. Thank you all for your time and attention today. And thank you for your continued interest and support for Glaukos. Thanks, and goodbye.

That concludes today's conference call. Have a pleasant day.