Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the Nasdaq Third Quarter 2020 Results. At this time, all participants' lines are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Mr. Ed Ditmire, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.

Good morning, everyone. And thank you for joining us today to discuss Nasdaq's third quarter 2020 financial results. On the line are Adena Friedman, our CEO; Michael Ptasznik, our CFO; John Zecca, our Chief Legal and Regulatory Officer; and other members of the management team. After prepared remarks, we'll open up to Q&A. The press release and presentation are on our website. We intend to use the website as a means of disclosing material, non-public information and complying with disclosure obligations under SEC Regulation FD. I would like to remind you that certain statements in this presentation and during Q&A may relate to future events and expectations and as such, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results may differ materially from these projections. Information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ from forward-looking statements is contained in our press release and periodic reports filed with the SEC. Our forward-looking statements speak only as of today, October 21 2020, and NASDAQ assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements. Lastly, a quick programming mention: we are excited to be hosting our Investor Day on November 10. Our senior leadership team will give presentations on operations, opportunities, and strategy, and we’ll be available for your questions. I know many of you on the line today are planning to participate. If you have not registered, please do so today at our IR website. I will now turn the call over to Adena.

Thank you, Ed, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us. I'm pleased to report NASDAQ’s financial results for the third quarter of 2020. With our strategic ambitions as our guide, we have been consistently focused on delivering results for our clients while creating sustainable value for our stakeholders. Our global workforce has demonstrated their nimbleness and ability to remain highly productive and available to our clients throughout this period. That focus is reflected in today's strong results where we are seeing significant contributions from across our franchise. My remarks today will focus on business unit highlights and strategic initiatives from the third quarter. I will then touch on today's announcement about Michael's decision to retire, and then Michael will cover the financials. Nasdaq delivered another quarter of strong performance driven by great efforts by our team, coupled with favorable market conditions. Here are some of the highlights. We welcomed 105 IPOs to Nasdaq during the period, which represents the highest number of IPOs for a quarter on a U.S. exchange in the past decade. Conviction by investors to increase exposure to Nasdaq’s focused indexes, coupled with rigorous market performance, continued to support our expanding index business. As a result, we saw the AUM in our index products achieve another quarter of record highs alongside high trading activity and Nasdaq licensed index derivatives. Our market infrastructure performed exceptionally well during the peaks of volatility we observed earlier this year, particularly in March and April. We continued to experience strong volumes across our equities and options businesses in the third quarter, and we've continued to invest to enable capacity for future volatility as markets react to continually changing dynamics in the U.S. and globally. Our Data & Analytics business within information services, as well as our market technology business, continue to demonstrate their resilience with healthy growth in annualized recurring revenue (ARR) market tech and targeted sales and new capabilities and products across our product suite. We were pleased to announce the launch of several new products during the period including the cloud-deployed Nasdaq Automated Investigator, an anti-money laundering (AML) SaaS solution for investigating financial crime for retail commercial banks and other financial institutions. And in our licensed index futures business, we announced together with CME Group two innovative index products: new futures contracts on the Nasdaq 100 volatility index known as “VOLQ,” and the first-ever water index futures based on the Nasdaq Veles California Water Index. Early in October, we also announced an expansion of our partnership with Invesco for our Nasdaq 100 products suite, including a new Nasdaq next-gen 100 index ETF. Our results for the third quarter highlight the strength of Nasdaq's diversified product offerings and business model while operating in a unique capital markets environment in 2020. Our ability to execute against the significant demand and logistical challenges of COVID-19 enabled us to continue on our strategic journey and bring these new and innovative technology and index solutions to our clients. Now I will turn to our strong results for the third quarter of 2020. Nasdaq delivered net revenues of $715 million, an increase of $83 million, or 13% from the prior year period, driven almost entirely by organic growth. Net revenues in our market services business grew 15%, while revenues in our non-trading segments rose 12% from the prior year period. Operating leverage was particularly strong, with non-GAAP operating margin expanding nearly 200 basis points to 52%, contributing to the non-GAAP EPS growth of 20%. Turning now to specific highlights from the third quarter, starting with our foundational marketplace businesses. Our market services segments saw net revenues of $259 million, a 15% increase from the prior year period led by a 35% increase in cash equity net revenues, as well as strong growth in both the equity derivatives and trade management services businesses. While, of course, industry volumes were a main contributor to this performance, I do want to bring attention to the strong competitive positioning that market services has established and which continued in the third quarter. In particular, we have enjoyed relatively stable market share in U.S. equities in areas where we feature the single largest liquidity pool with the Nasdaq stock market, the largest of our three equities exchanges. Additionally, our Nordic equity franchise with a 77% share on exchange trading was up nearly 500 basis points year-over-year. And in our U.S. options trading complex, we continue to lead the industry with a 37% share of mostly listed options. The elevated volumes we've experienced are the result of both high investor engagement and a multitude of macro and geopolitical uncertainties. While the activity levels can change quickly, we believe that the U.S. Presidential election remains a big focus for investors, and we anticipate our set of marketplaces are likely to continue to contribute at a high level as we progress through the final quarter of the year. Our Corporate Services segment delivered revenues of $132 million, a 6% increase boosted by new listing activity and continued demand for our governance and investor relations intelligence solutions. In our listings, and our listing services business Nasdaq led U.S. exchanges for IPOs during the period welcoming 105 IPOs for a 79% win rate for operating company listings and an overall win rate of 65% when including stocks. We are proud to welcome GoodRX, Li Auto, Jamf Holding Corp and nCino as just a few of the highlight listings from the quarter. Our quarterly win rate of SaaS has also been rising from 30% in the second quarter to 51% in the third quarter. In addition, we were honored to welcome six companies who switched their listings from the New York Stock Exchange to Nasdaq during the period with an aggregate global market capitalization of $187 billion, including AstraZeneca and Keurig Dr. Pepper. This brings our cumulative exchange switch market cap to over $1.8 trillion since 2005, with over $1 trillion of that value switching in just the last five years. When it came to their decision to switch exchanges, these issuers identified strongly with the innovative spirit of Nasdaq's listing platform with the expanding community of listed issuers recognizing the opportunity to leverage our IR and governance solutions to improve how they engage with critical stakeholders. And lastly, for the larger switches to potentially increase their representation in the Nasdaq family of indexes by qualifying for the Nasdaq 100. In the third quarter, corporate services revenue grew 6% with a balanced contribution from both governance and IR solutions. We are pleased that rising secular demand for insights that help companies better understand and engage shareholders is more than offsetting the impact of spending reductions by companies and sectors more negatively impacted by COVID-19. We believe that our successes during the quarter underscore how Nasdaq continues to be the destination exchange and partner of choice for companies worldwide with unparalleled expertise across equity markets, investor relations and governance. Now let me turn to our information services and technology businesses. In our information services segment, we delivered net revenues of $238 million, up $40 million, or 20% from the prior year period. Index AUM rose to $313 billion versus $207 billion in the prior year period, up 51%. While contract volumes in the Nasdaq licensed index futures that trade on the CME rose by more than 90%. Each of these contributed meaningfully to the index revenue rising $30 million, or 54% year-over-year. While the NASDAQ 100 family of indexes has had market appreciation materially above the broader market averages, 37% of the increase in AUM year-over-year came from positive organic investor inflows, and we're working with our partners to meet rising investor interest in Nasdaq thematic indexes in several ways. For example, just last week, Invesco introduced the QQQ Innovation Suite in partnership with Nasdaq, giving a wider population of investors access to the Nasdaq 100 index for a variety of investment structures, and providing exposure to the Nasdaq next-gen 100 index through a new ETF. Additionally, we launched VOLQ, a new futures contract on the Nasdaq 100 volatility index, and announced plans to launch a futures contract based on the Nasdaq Veles California Water Index. Our investment data and analytics revenues increased by 13% from the prior year period driven both by the incorporation of Solovis and organic growth in our leading institutional asset allocation solutions. Market data rose by 5%, with contributions from across our North American and European proprietary products, as well as the tape plan revenue. Growth during the period was driven by new sales and increased retail investor usage worldwide, particularly in new geographies, like Asia Pacific and Latin America. In addition, this area of the business saw new customer expansion and new product launches driven by the launch of the Nasdaq cloud data service, a service that we believe provides significant technical cost reductions. Lastly, our market technology segments delivered $86 million in revenue and signed $84 million in new order intake. ARR in the quarter was $278 million, a 9% increase year-over-year. However, total revenue rose only nominally in the third quarter compared to the prior year as the growth in the more stable SaaS subscription and recurring licensing fees that comprise our ARR was offset by lower non-recurring revenues associated with new service implementations and change requests. As we stated earlier in 2020, service implementation change request projects, new order intake levels and funding for new markets and new markets initiatives have been adversely impacted by the pandemic-related factors. We continue to expect to see, in the short term, mostly logistical growth headwinds that underpin the risk of market technology being below the bottom of our medium-term growth objectives for the current year. We have taken actions that we hope will mitigate pressures on our non-recurring market technology revenues in the coming period. For example, we've developed new ways in improving execution for important project phases in a completely virtual environment. And we've increased hiring and technology staff as part of an effort to quicken the pace of our full slate of existing implementations to their production phases. To increase technology faster, we manage large projects carefully as we continue to be focused on driving margin expansion as the business continues to grow. Taking a step back, the near-term impact of the pandemic, our conviction has not changed about the medium to long-term opportunity for market technology. A major component of this strategy is our commitment to operating and providing best-in-class stock solutions across the transaction lifecycle. Our marketplace services platform, which launched in June, gives clients complete transaction lifecycle functionality on a single platform, and we've seen positive response in growth and demand for the platform over the quarter. In 2020 year-to-date, we've increased the count of sales to entirely new clients, the vast majority of which have chosen to implement our next-generation SaaS-enabled services. Specifically, we signed eight new market infrastructure operator clients through our SaaS offerings and we've signed 12 new trade surveillance clients so far this year. We've also had solid success in expanding our existing client relationships in our trade surveillance business. We look forward to updating you both in addressing the near-term challenges we're navigating, as well as our progress and ramping adoption of our next-generation products and services in the coming period. Now, let me take a moment to address today's announcements as Mike will be retiring in early 2021 after a very distinguished 30-year financial services career. Michael joined Nasdaq in 2016 as CFO to lead a dynamic team responsible for Finance, Treasury, Strategy, Investor Relations, facilities and risk management. His extensive operational expertise and industry reputation for strategic thinking, creative resource management, and managing through a competitive and evolving landscape made him a perfect fit for us during what has been an especially important phase in our growth as a company. Michael has been an invaluable member of the executive leadership team during this time at Nasdaq. He played a particularly important role in our management team's strategic review of our business in 2017, after which we realigned our vision, mission and corporate strategy to embrace our core strengths in data analytics and technology, our strategic pivot as we refer to it. Michael has since played an instrumental role in the execution of that strategic pivot. For example, he worked closely with me to establish a clear, consistent capital deployment and return framework, including an annual review of our business portfolio, and effectively manage the balance sheet to improve liquidity and lower borrowing costs. Michael has been a wonderful partner to our business unit leaders, bringing creative ideas as well as a structured approach across business unit initiatives. He has worked extensively with our business units to evaluate and execute on organic and inorganic opportunities, and he oversaw the launch and development of our Venture Investment Group. Michael has been an outstanding CFO, bringing focus, drive, creativity, and determination to his role every day. And on behalf of the entire team at Nasdaq and the board of directors, I want to thank you, Michael, for your leadership and dedication to our company and values. When Michael retires at the end of February next year, I'm very pleased to announce that Ann Dennison, who currently serves as Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, will become Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Ann joined Nasdaq in 2015 and since 2017, she's been leading an extensive multi-year modernization of the company's financial operations infrastructure. These efforts include Nasdaq's migration to a modern financial consolidation and reporting system leveraging Workday financials, the introduction of a new enterprise resource planning platform and surrounding systems, and the development of a corporate data strategy and intelligent automation programs that are delivering interesting insights and powerful efficiencies. Additionally, Ann added to her responsibilities in 2017, when she took on leadership with a financial planning and analysis team, which partners with the business units and expertise to develop to maintain our detailed forecasts and budgets. As a dedicated leader with a deep understanding of our business and our long-term vision, she has made significant contributions to Nasdaq's financial soundness in her five years with the company, and her diligence and expertise will be important factors in our growth strategy. With her combination of experience and leadership skills, as well as her thorough knowledge of Nasdaq's business and financial operations, Ann is the obvious and best choice to become Nasdaq's next CFO. I'm excited for our analysts and investors to meet Ann in the coming months as Michael and Ann work together to transition the role between now and the end of February. As I wrap up, I will summarize by saying that we are very pleased with the strong results we delivered in the third quarter and we've remained focused on advancing our strategic mission. Our results highlight the strength of Nasdaq's diversified product offering and business model, capitalizing both on opportunities presented by this year's unique capital markets backdrop, including elevated trading volumes, rising index valuations and strong IPO issuance. We believe that our ability to execute against significant demand and logistical challenges of COVID-19 has enabled us to continue on our journey, while prudently advancing as a technology and analytics provider. And with that, I will turn it over to Michael to review the financial details.

Thank you, Adena, for those kind remarks, and good morning everyone. I will first provide comments on the quarter and then a few remarks about my decision to retire. My commentary on the quarter will primarily focus on our non-GAAP results and all comparisons will be to the prior year period unless otherwise noted. Reconciliations of U.S. GAAP to non-GAAP results can be found in our press release, as well as in our file located in the financial section of our Investor Relations website at ir.nasdaq.com. I will start by reviewing third quarter revenue performance as shown on page three of the presentation and organic revenue growth on pages four and 14. The $83 million increase in reported net revenue of $715 million is a net result of organic growth of $70 million, including a 13% organic increase in market services, and a 10% organic growth in the non-trading segments, a $4 million positive impact from acquisitions, and a $9 million favorable impact from changes in foreign exchange rates. I will now review quarterly highlights within each of our reporting segments. I will start with information services, which as reflected on pages five and 14 saw a $40 million or 20% increase in revenue, excluding a positive $3 million impact from the acquisition of Solovis and a $1 million positive impact from favorable changes in foreign exchange rates. Organic revenue growth during this period was 18%, primarily reflecting very strong growth in our index business and positive contributions from each of the investment data and analytics and market data businesses. Operating margin of 65% increased 100 basis points compared to the prior year period. Market technology revenue, as shown on pages six and 14, increased $2 million or 2%, primarily reflecting a positive $3 million impact from favorable changes in foreign exchange rates. On an organic basis, revenue decreased by $1 million or 1% as the increase in software as a surveillance service revenues were more than offset by lower software delivery and support revenues and lower change requests and advisory revenues. Annualized recurring revenue or ARR rose 9% compared to the prior year period. Operating margin of 10% in the period was down eight percentage points from 18% in the prior year, putting margin into a 12-month context, which eliminates quarter-to-quarter volatility from seasonality and other factors. The trailing 12-month margin is 16%, in line with full year 2019 level. As Adena noted, progress has been impacted by the pandemic-induced near-term growth headwinds. However, we continue to expect margin improvement as the business expands over time. Turning to Corporate Services on pages seven and 14, revenues increased $8 million or 6%. Organic revenue growth was $6 million or 5%, reflecting an increase in U.S. listings revenues and increases in both governance solutions and IR intelligence revenues. The operating margin of 39% for the segment was up 300 basis points from the prior year period. Market services net revenues on pages eight and 14 saw a $33 million or 15% increase. Excluding the positive $4 million impact from favorable changes in foreign exchange rates, the organic revenue increase was $29 million or 13%. The organic increase during the period primarily reflects increases in cash equities and equities derivatives net revenues due to higher industry trading volumes. The operating margin of 59% for the segment increased two percentage points year-over-year. Turning to pages nine and 14 to review expenses. Non-GAAP operating expenses increased $29 million to $346 million. The increase reflects a $17 million or 5% organic increase, a $7 million increase from the impact of acquisitions, and a $5 million increase from an unfavorable impact of changes in foreign exchange rates. The organic growth in expenses primarily reflects higher compensation expense, professional fees, and infrastructure costs, partially offset by lower travel and event spending. Turning to slide 10, we are adjusting our 2020 non-GAAP operating expense guidance to a range of $1.36 billion to $1.37 billion, up from $1.33 billion to $1.36 billion previously. The revised range is driven by two factors: first, changes in foreign exchange rates, and particularly the weakening of the U.S. dollar, which manifested in a $10 million increase in the top end of our guidance range; second, as we've continued to deliver especially strong organic growth in both of our trading and non-trading segments, higher expenses, including accruals of performance-based compensation, make us increasingly likely to end up at the high end of our expense guidance range. The $1.37 billion high end of our revised expense guidance range implies a 4% organic increase in expenses, while in the first nine months of 2020, the company delivered organic revenue growth of 12%. Moving to operating profit and margins, non-GAAP operating income increased $54 million in the third quarter of 2020, and the non-GAAP operating margin was 52% compared to 50% in the prior year period. Net interest expense was $24 million in the third quarter of 2020, a decrease of $2 million versus the prior year. The non-GAAP effective tax rate was 26% for the third quarter of 2020. For the full year 2020, we continue to expect the non-GAAP tax rate to be between 26% and 27%. Non-GAAP net income attributable to Nasdaq for the third quarter of 2020 was $256 million, or $1.53 per diluted share, compared to $212 million, or $1.27 per diluted share in the prior year period. Turning to slide 11, debt increased by $89 million versus June 30, primarily due to an increase in the Euro bonds' book value caused by a stronger euro. Our total debt-to-EBITDA ratio ended the period at 2.4 times and changed from 2.4 times at the end of Q2. During the third quarter of 2020, the company paid a dividend in the aggregate of $81 million and repurchased common stock in the amount of $34 million. The company has repurchased $186 million year-to-date through September 30, largely completing our objective to use share repurchases to offset deletion of equity compensation and other sources of gross issuances. Before I turn it back for the Q&A session, a few comments about my decision to retire. It's a decision I've contemplated for a while now, and it certainly comes with mixed emotions. It has been such an honor and a privilege to work for Adena, the board, and this incredible company. And I am extremely excited about the vision and strategy and the great opportunities that we have ahead of us to continue to grow and expand as a technology company, serving the capital markets and beyond. Most importantly, I'm fortunate to work with colleagues who are enormously intelligent, innovative, driven, and are just good people that consistently exemplify Nasdaq's values of integrity and teamwork. However, I've been in the exchange industry now for a long time going back to the 90s when exchanges were mutual broker-owned not-for-profits. And while I can't say for certain, I believe I hold the record for the most consecutive quarterly conference calls as CFO of an exchange group, with this call being my 72nd in a row. And that's why the decision was so difficult. For those of you who, like me, are Canadian, I'm sure you'll recall the ubiquitous early retirement-inducing Freedom 55 commercials; I will undoubtedly understand the indelible target that left on my psyche. In finance, we forecast macroeconomics, revenues and earnings. But the one thing that no one can forecast, and COVID has certainly been a great reminder of this, is the time and capability to enjoy the fruits of our labors. Thankfully, I have no current health concerns, but the point is, you just never know. So despite the temptation to stay and partake in the exciting initiatives and growth we have in front of us here at Nasdaq, I've decided to stick with the five-year timeframe that I shared with Adena, and importantly my family, when I first accepted this position. What does make my decision easier is that my knowledge of the strength of the team I am leaving behind, and I could not be more pleased that Ann Dennison will be taking on the CFO role. Ann has been a key member of my management team—her technical expertise, proven ability to drive change through innovation, and her collaborative approach to problem-solving make her the ideal candidate for this position. She's also an absolute pleasure to work with and is always focused on doing what's best for the organization. I am confident that she's the right person to help drive Nasdaq. There will be plenty of time next quarter to say proper thank-yous to the board, to Adena, to all my colleagues past and present, and to you, the investors and analysts. At this point, I will just say it has been an honor and privilege to work for and with all of you. So now, I’d like to just drop the mic and walk away. But I think we have to turn to the Q&A session now. So I'll turn it back to the operator.

Thank you. Our first question comes from Rich Repetto with Piper Sandler. Your line is open.

Yes. Good morning, Adena. Good morning, Michael and Michael. Michael, despite that elegant explanation, you're still too young to retire, we think. No, I'm kidding. Congrats, and you've done a great job. Anyway, so my question is first, on the information services, on the index revenue, some nice upside surprise. I guess Adena or Michael, can you give us a better feel for how the breakout? We see that the revenue grew by more than 50%. But the futures and options volumes grew almost double. So can you just give some more color on how we can model this a little bit better, given your agreements with the CME, and also the licensed AUM that grew by over 50% as well. So how do you sort of model this a little bit better than what we have?

Sure. So thanks Rich. I think that the first thing I noticed. We've kind of given you a little bit of a guidance in the past to say that the index futures revenue kind of ranges from 10% to 20% of the overall revenues for the index business. And it obviously ebbs and flows based on volume. So we can't give you a precise percentage every quarter, but this quarter, it was 21%. So it's just at the top end of that or just above the top end of that range. I think that shows you the strength of the fact that we have a great relationship with CME and I think we have a long-term partnership with them, and the indexes that we have for CME is particularly strong index this year, and one where we see a lot of investor appetite to invest in ETFs and the products as well as to use the futures markets to help hedge and manage their portfolios.

Okay, that's my, I'll get back in the queue. Thank you.

Thank you, Rich.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Dan Fannon with Jefferies. Your line is open.

Thanks. Good morning. I was hoping again you could expand upon your comments on the market tech side, obviously, the short-term dynamics around some of the headwinds with revenue. But if we think about the 4Q sequential build that typically happens in that segment, how we should think about that in the context of this year?

Sure. I think that we can kind of break down what we were trying to convey. The first is that they are ARR growth, which is really the recurring revenue streams that come from our newer offerings that are SaaS-oriented, as well as trade surveillance business, which is SaaS-oriented. Those continue to see, you're seeing continued growth at 9% growth and we can continue to see that that will be a strong part of our franchise. I think we should recognize also that those types of implementations are simpler. They don’t take as long to bring a company into the market, whether it's the marketplace services platform, or to bring them on to our trade surveillance or market surveillance platform. It's a bigger project, where we still do significant on-prem deliveries, and this year, we've definitely seen more of an impact of that. There’s a lot of collaboration that needs to go on between us and the client on that, particularly in the post-trade deliveries. We have several post-trade deliveries that we're working on at the moment, and the pandemic made it harder to have that collaboration, and it created some challenges in terms of keeping up the pace of the original delivery schedule. We've gotten better at that as we've gone through the year, and the clients have gotten more used to it as well. But that I think definitely created some challenges. Making sure that in order for us to manage the pace of those, we have been making some increases in the tech team to ensure we can deliver against that in this constrained environment. Those are short-term issues. Those are the types of revenues that are non-recurring because they are delivery revenues. They continue to be an important part of the business. In terms of change requests, it's really a matter of our ability. We actually have the capacity to implement change requests when the clients are looking for them. However, when they're not, we obviously apply those people to the implementation projects. Additionally, we're also finding that clients are making change requests, but there’s a lower demand for those this year because they're managing through other issues in their own organization. So I think you should assume those are shorter-term trends driven by the current environment, against the nice long-term trend of us increasing the percentage of sales that we're getting through SaaS, as well as continuing to move more of our products into a more flexible delivery mode with the NFS. So I hope that gives you enough background.

Great. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Jeremy Campbell with Barclays. Your line is open.

Hey, thanks. Michael, just want to say congratulations. I know you still have a few months left, but it’s been a pleasure working with you, and best of luck. Quick question on asset manager consolidation. It seems it’s up a bit over the past year, and reportedly the pipeline is pretty active right now. I know asset managers are kind of a major client base of Nasdaq in different parts of the ecosystem. But how should we think about the pluses and minuses of asset manager consolidation as it relates to your non-recurring revenue stream at Nasdaq, and could some of this post-deal integration be another potential near-term headwind from market tech?

Well, on the asset manager's side, we don't actually have a lot of asset managers as clients in the market tech business. We tend to really focus on market infrastructure operators, as well as broker-dealers. We do have a small business that we've been growing in the surveillance business for clients, so I think that market tech won't have a significant issue there. If you look over in the information services business, we have thousands of asset manager clients. You are seeing occasional combinations, and that's where we also work with them to figure out if they're, let's say, both of the clients are investment clients, then we'll work with them to figure out what is the overall enterprise value going forward, that they should consider, charge for investment on a combined basis versus a single basis. It's really a matter of us working with the clients on that. Certainly, if one client is an investment client and the other one is not, then we have a chance of actually increasing our penetration in that client as they combine. So I think that's the way to look at it for the investment business. And the same with areas like hedge funds and others, which are still very small and growing. There's a huge sea, as you know, of asset managers out there for us to appeal to. On the trading side of the business, I don't anticipate that will have a real impact because they're basically just managing more AUM with their trading organization, and that shouldn't have a significant impact on how much they're trading and managing their portfolio. So I don't see an impact on the trading side.

Great, thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Alex Kramm with UBS. Your line is open.

Yes, hey, good morning, everyone. This may be better for the investor day, but I do want to ask about M&A. You have clearly established a pretty strong track record here over the last few years, partially helped by Michael and you obviously as well. If I look into next year, rates are low, 2021 is going to face a really tough comp on the trading side and on the index side. Your multiple has expanded substantially. So I'm just wondering, are you thinking differently about maybe bigger deals in the space? And if so, to what degree would you actually look at something that has a little bit more transactional revenues with it? Where there could be more of a cost-driven value proposition? So maybe a broad update on M&A would be great here. Thanks.

Sure. Yes. We will spend a little bit more time on that in the Investor Day, Alex. So I think it is an area that we will at least give you a sense of our focus areas. But I'll give you a little bit rough preview. I think what we've said all along is that we look at acquisitions as part of fitting into our strategy. So we don't just look at every acquisition out there. Optimistically, we have really developed a strategic nexus around where we want to grow and how we want to grow, and where we think we can do everything organically and where we might benefit from acquisitions to catalyze growth and/or expand our clientele. The areas that we have been primarily focused on, we've said this many times, is on expanding our Architect business and expanding our Information Services business in terms of growth to the part of the sector of the industry. And then on the marketplaces, I think that we would make targeted acquisitions if it really makes sense in terms of both synergies on the cost side. For that reason, we can generate scale, but also that it furthers our strategy in the asset classes where we're really strong. We’ve looked at a lot of things. We do always put them within the strategic framework, so that we stop looking at things on pretty quickly if it doesn't really fit in. We will certainly not shy away from doing the right transactions that further our strategy. But that hasn't changed. We aren't shifting our strategy from what we've been seeing over the last few years. We will spend a little more time on that at the Investor Day.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Brian Bedell with Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.

Great. Thanks. Good morning, folks. And Congrats, Michael also. We'll talk to you for another quarter, but I just want to say congrats. Just on the sustainability of that Information Services revenue, extremely strong this quarter. Looks like it's easy for you to now exceed the top of the 5% to 7% range even with the softness in Market Tech. As we look at that Info Services moving into the fourth quarter and into next year, obviously, depending on volumes at T&E in your contracts and ETF, AUM levels, but it seems like there would still be an upward trajectory in that line. Just maybe some commentary about that? And to what extent any audit fees positively impacted the market data? And just thoughts about market data revenue coming into 2021, with consolidation say in the online brokerage industry, for example, with Schwab and Ameritrade, and your ability to recoup that cost?

So we do think that there's just a strong secular interest and appetite among investors to invest in the Nasdaq-100, the Biotech index, Semiconductor, other automatic indexes, in addition to our smart beta franchise. We've seen that through both this kind of upward market swing, but also in March, the largest inflow week that we had was the toughest market week, as the markets were declining the most, that's when we saw something like $4 million or $5 million of inflows into the Nasdaq-100. We just think that the indexes that we have are more aligned with long-term themes. But I also would say, there is obviously some beta components there on the trading side. We're making sure that we continue to generate growth by launching new products and gathering AUM into those products. That will be a testament to our ability to do that over the next several years to continue to expand that franchise. Regarding the market data business, we are continuing— I think the one thing that this year is shown, it's a very resilient business. We've done a nice job of diversifying the clientele, which earlier in the year, we mentioned, could create some challenges just in terms of clients who are some of the newer clients in other parts of the world. We've found that we continue to see really strong demand from those clients to expand the data that they're providing to investors around the world. That’s showing up in the numbers. In fact, our audit revenue this quarter is significantly down from last year’s third quarter. Our audit revenue for the year is down from last year. We're actually not collecting as much on the backfilling; we're really driving the growth that we're seeing this quarter from pure new customers, and obviously, the expansion of our current clients. In terms of the consolidation and the impact from online brokers, there will be some impact from that. We've known that for a long time. The nice thing is that it takes a long time to close these deals. We've had a lot of time to work with these clients to ensure that they're taking all the products they can from us as they become a combined organization. We continue to see strong demand coming from new FinTech clients. I think there’s a nice balance there. We’ve always said that that is a low to medium-term— I mean, low to mid-single-digit grower because it’s a more mature part of our business. So hopefully that gives you more context.

And Brian, the audit number was $2 million in the quarter compared to an unusually high quarter of $9 million in Q3 of 2019.

Great. Thank you so much for all the color. Really appreciate it.

Sure.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Mike Carrier with Bank of America. Your line is open.

Hi. Good morning, and thanks for taking the question. Good quarter. Just wanted to get an update on regulation. Given the DOJ working with the SEC on some areas like big market data. Just wanted to get your take on particularly from a process standpoint on how this is potentially different versus typical SEC process; and what to expect? Thanks.

Sure. Well, to be honest, we're reading about that the same way you are. So, I hope that you must understand that there's nothing that — we're reading at the same time you're reading it. That is the one thing I would like to say. Secondly, I think that we've been able to demonstrate multiple times over a decade, that we have a highly competitive market model that our products are subject to competition in the data space. We provide great value for investors and participants alike in the market data that we provide. We do it in a very responsible way. We’ve proven that both to our customers, we have a very good relationship with our customers on the market data front despite some of the things that you see in the paper. Behind the scenes, we continue to have very strong relationships across our clientele. We have had to defend ourselves several times now, both in court-like situations, and I think we've done. We've proven ourselves over and over again that this is a competitive space, that we price our products competitively, and that we create great value for those people who use those data. We remain very confident, Mike, in the way that we manage the business, as well as how we deliver products. We’re happy to engage with whoever wants to talk to us about that.

Okay. Makes sense. Thanks a lot.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Owen Lau with Oppenheimer. Your line is open.

Okay. Good morning. Thank you for taking my questions. So first of all, best of luck in the future, and congrats, Mike. Yes. For my question, could you please give us an update on the Nasdaq private market? Does and will SPACs impact the private market and change the way you look at this space? Thank you.

That's the first I've got that question. So first of all, the Nasdaq private market continues to have solid activity this year. It has been lower this year in terms of the overall level of tenders that have been issued in the private market. Generally speaking, we continue to have good clientele and a strong service that we offer the private companies; they're still managing to liquidity in the private space. It’s been a little bit decelerated this year just based on the volatility and understanding, the way that people are entering their businesses. If you’re asking, I think a broader question is, because of all the different alternative ways that companies can now tap into the public market, are they going to continue to stay private longer? I think that’s a good longer-term question that we’re going to have to see play out. Our company is going to tap into the public markets earlier in their lifecycle, which may make it so that they have less of a demand to tenders. I don't think we can know the answer to that right now. There are obviously thousands of private companies that will continue to mature in the private space before they tap the public markets. I personally think that the private market will continue to have a huge opportunity. We're really frankly, barely scratching the surface of private company's liquidity right now. We have a lot more we can do there. But it is a good question as to whether more companies will come out to the public market sooner, and I just don't know the answer yet.

That's very helpful. Thank you, Adena.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Alex Blostein with Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.

Thanks. Hey, guys. Good morning. A question for you around Market Tech again. Understanding the near-term margin dynamics could sort of fluctuate, but I was hoping you could spend a minute just kind of walking us through the framework for margin from an opportunity here over time. What I'm really trying to get at is what's the incremental margin on the ARR instead of the revenue growth that you've seen there? What’s the incremental margin on some of the on-prem initiatives that you guys have? Really just kind of incremental margin on the new order intake? Not sure if those are the best three kind of buckets to tackle it, but something along those lines will be helpful? Thanks.

Sure. I don’t know if I’ll be able to answer that in detail today, but we’ll take it back and try to figure out how we can help with that as we get into Investor Day. I think that in terms of the margin dynamics, what we've been saying all along continues to be very much the case, which is the more that we can move our clients into a SaaS offering, whether it's market—the market surveillance offering that we’ve launched SaaS offering this year and we’ve seen strong pickup there. Our trade surveillance offering has always been SaaS. Those offerings definitely allow us to have a higher overall margin just because the implementation time is shorter and it's a recurring revenue stream. So it’s a different composition of revenue that delivers a stronger margin for us. Whereas with the on-prem implementations, we obviously manage to the margin that we think is the right way to go. However, we often do fixed price contracts there, so sometimes if implementation ends up being longer and more complex, it can make it like — it can make it so that we end up having to put more resources to it, and that can have some margin impact in the short-term on the implementation. That's what's happening this year. But over time, we can show that we're—the new sales for generating our NFS, which is a much more flexible platform, SaaS driven, and/or because some of the NFS deliveries are still on-prem, some are in SaaS, as well as our surveillance business being all SaaS. The more we can drive to that higher margin. It’s up to us to show you that shift in the order intake and the type of order intake we're taking in. That’s something we want to make sure we provide more context around at Investor Day in a few weeks.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Chris Harris with Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Great. Thanks. Do you think the paradigm has changed for trading in U.S. equities and options? And really, I guess what I'm wondering is whether you think the volumes that we're seeing in these markets are going to be sustainable? And why if so?

I think that there are two key factors that in our opinion are taking volumes to different levels this year. One is just overall volatility and uncertainty. That always makes it so that you've got investors that have different opinions, right? When there are investors that have different views on what could happen next and how the economy is going to progress, you have more volatility because those opinions all get expressed in the market and that drives our volumes. At the same time, we also have a lot more younger retail investors coming into the markets as well. I think that has to do with the fact that we do have more engagement from retail investors coming into the market, which drives stock volume. The question is whether those retail investors are sustainable trends. I think that as we've been listening to the online brokers speak about it and we've been talking to our own clients about it, there's a view that there is a new wave of investors that have come in on the backs of zero commissions, which takes down the friction in the market, and therefore increases overall access. The macro environment has created some really strong investment opportunities for retail investors. I think that is a longer-term trend and a healthy one and an exciting one. I don't think every one of those retail investors will be here over the long-term, but I think we are seeing a secular shift in getting more younger investors engaged in the market. I think that could create a more sustainably higher trading environment than what we saw in the 2017, 2018, 2019 timeframe. But time will tell. That’s our overall view, just speaking with industry professionals who really understand the nature of the investors coming in.

Got it. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Kyle Voigt with KBW. Your line is open.

Hi, good morning. Just on the listings business, I know you cited the strong IPO market and some switches as well in the quarter. I guess it's still a little surprising that revenues grew by $5 million sequentially, given those initial listing fees are amortized over several years. So first part of the question, is there anything else to note that drove the increase there that's more one-time in nature, or should this be sustainable? And the second part of the question, you're still priced below the NYC for certain tiers within that listings business, given the strength and the momentum you're seeing in the business? I know you'd probably say it's not necessarily because of low fees, but because of the value proposition. Just wondering, do you see potential for pricing tweaks as you look out over the next year or so? Thanks.

Sure. One thing just to note is that the amortization of the initial listing fees is really the fees that get amortized. That amortization schedule did change a bit a few years, a couple years ago. So it's a little shorter than it used to be. But you're right, the initial listing fees do get amortized. I think, Michael, for IPOs, it's still over two years or two to four years. Yes. There was some pricing that was taken at the beginning of the year on the sustaining fees as well, and that's flowing through. It's been flowing through all the quarters so far this year. I would say that, first of all, there are no kind of one-time fees creating that increase in the quarter. It is really just the nature of the strength of the new issuance market coupled with the strength in our corporate solutions business. Those are recurring revenue streams. I think that's an important thing to say. The fact that new issuances have been high throughout the year, you’re starting to see that compounding effect as we get more and more issuers in the market, generating annual listing fees that create a lift going into 2021. The good news is it is kind of really just coming from the strength of new issuances. I just wanted to make sure you know that the amortization schedule is a little different than it was a few years ago.

Fair enough. And then just on the potential for pricing tweaks?

Yes. We are very prudent in the way that we manage our fees. We're very proud of the fact that we deliver a really strong value to our clients. We never want to give our top clients any reason to even consider an alternative. Fees do play a role in that. I wouldn’t say that it’s— you're right, it's not the reason they switched to Nasdaq. But it can be a door opener for them to consider. They’re paying $500,000 to list on NYC, and they're paying $160,000 to list here. They’re getting, frankly, in our opinion, a far superior service here. That allows us to open the door to a conversation in order to work with them on all the other aspects of our value proposition to have them move over. We think we offer a fee structure that is a strong reflection of the value that we give to our clients. We feel good about how we tier our fees in the max that we charge. We’ll continue to make pricing changes periodically to reflect the increased investments we're making in the business. But we don't see a reason frankly to make a big change in our fees at the top end.

Thank you.

Thank you. We have a follow-up from Alex Kramm with UBS. Your line is open.

Hey. Yes, my follow-up was actually just answered on the listings. But very quickly, then maybe on index and other numbers question. You gave the, I guess, the trading contribution. Can you also give the AUM contribution, the exact number for this quarter?

Sure. I know it's—Michael, you might have it more readily available. But I know within any given quarters, like 60% to 65%.

Yes. That's what the answer is, 65%. I don't know, do you have the exact number for this quarter. But I think it's in that range.

I think it's in that range, Alex, but probably the lower end, since the futures towards the high end.

Right.

Fair enough. Thank you.

Thank you. We have a follow-up from Rich Repetto with Piper Sandler. Your line is open.

Yes. Hi, Adena. I couldn't let the call go by without asking about financial transaction tax.

Yes.

So I guess the question is, what are you doing to prepare? Are you having discussions with legislators? I know certainly there's been a lot in the press about potentially moving. Is that really possible? What are your thoughts on all this debate on the financial transaction — a financial transaction tax?

Sure. I think the first thing to say is that, we're heavily engaged with the New Jersey Legislature and the Governor. We also have been receiving inbound calls from governors from other states who certainly would welcome us as a data center operator, or a company that uses data centers in their states as well. The nice thing about the way we manage our infrastructure is that we don't actually own any of our data centers. We work with Equinix as our partner today. We do have flexibility. We've moved our data centers in the past. We used to operate out of Trumbull, Connecticut; we moved to Carteret several years ago. We used to be in Ashburn, Virginia for our backup; we're now in Chicago. We do have experience moving data centers. We’ve also moved our data centers in Sweden. We are familiar with what that takes. We think it’s not just us; we have to work very, very closely with our clients, because our clients are all embedded in our data centers as well. They’ve built infrastructure to support connections between Chicago and New Jersey. There's an investment that would need to be made in order for us as an ecosystem to choose to go to a different state. However, it is feasible to do it. We've made it clear that we operate well in New Jersey. We have a well-established ecosystem here. We don't think there's a risk of a tax. That would be our first choice. If we believe that the state could impose a tax, just because our data centers happen to be located in that state, and that tax creates friction in the market, it lessens participation from investors, particularly retail investors, it widens spreads and lowers liquidity. We have to do the responsible thing and find an environment that doesn't introduce oppression. We’ve seen that in every other case where transaction taxes have been implemented in other countries; they've seen really negative effects on liquidity and spreads. We are serious about it and are heavily engaged with New Jersey and other states to understand the best long-term path for it.

Thank you. I think there's a coalition among the exchanges to sort of represent your position. I think Nasdaq is part of it, but I haven't heard as much outside about it, I guess?

I would just say that there’s a wide range of participants, market resistances, and exchanges involved and understanding the—and involved in speaking with the legislature on this issue. Just quickly to get back out to Alex Kramm's question. The specific percentage of revenue coming from AUM in the quarter within our indexes was 63%.

And just to add to that Adena, it was about 24% on the index licensing side — on the futures licensing side?

It's 24%, not 21. Okay. Thank you.

Thank you.

You're welcome.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Ken Hill with Loop Capital. Your line is open.

Hey, good morning. First, I just want to say congrats to Michael and Ann on the transition there. My questions on the Q's innovation suite you guys launched. I know, I was just curious from an economic perspective to Nasdaq. Are there new products being rolled out? Do these have any different pricing or any different economics for Nasdaq given maybe a lower-cost product? I know you're rolling out with the Q's, or an alternative type of product. Then I guess, just thinking forward, are there any other additional products you might be looking to slice and dice a little bit differently here within the index suite?

Sure. So on the first point, we don't tend to talk specifically about how we structure these with each individual partner. I would say that we're very comfortable with how we've built this partnership with Invesco, to ensure that we are getting properly compensated for the value of the indexes. I think we feel comfortable that if the clients choose the new products or they choose the current products, we're very happy with the fee rate that we're getting. In terms of other new products, that’s actually the most fun part of the index team. They're always considering new strategies and new ways that we can look at both our benchmark like the Nasdaq-100 and Biotech as well as more thematic indexes to bring creativity to investors. We are constantly working with our index partners to find new ways to slice and dice it. For instance, I think it was Victory, where we also have implemented the Nasdaq-250, which is the next 50 stocks below the Nasdaq-100. We have different ways that people can choose to participate in the broader Nasdaq franchise with different partners.

Okay. Thanks for the color there.

Thank you. We have a question from Brian Bedell with Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.

Great. Thanks for the follow-up. Just on the U.S. cash equities market in terms of pricing and revenue captures, as we’re moving into the end of the year. There are two dynamics going on there. Obviously, one, we're seeing more volume getting executed off exchange. I suspect that's a part of the retail dynamic and market maker dynamic. Maybe if you could just talk about that and whether there's any interest in pricing initiatives to capture more of that share. Then any sort of thoughts on members exchange? That seems like it was delayed a little bit. But in terms of pricing, whether you would be doing any pre-emptive pricing against that exchange coming into the fourth quarter?

Okay. With cash equities pricing, the first thing I would say is, as you all know, it’s something that we work on very dynamically, and we make small changes in pricing almost monthly actually within their cash equities business. We're always watching that and working with our clients to understand how we can bring attractive flow into the Nasdaq exchanges. In terms of the retail trying to get more of the retail to come on to exchange from off-exchange, you are correct that the retail trend has driven a higher level of off-exchange volumes. Those orders are not getting subject to the price discovery we have on market. We'd love to capture more of that, but we reflect on the fact that the intermediaries have a flow scheme that's different than our exchange fee scheme. We have to work within the exchange fee structure that we're allowed to operate in. That will limit our ability to bring in much retail flow that’s going off-exchange. However, we're always talking to them about how we can get more of the retail flow to come through to the exchange. I think that in terms of OMX, we are highly engaged with our clients ever since they announced they were forming OMX. We take every competitor seriously, and to the extent we see changes in behaviors among our clients, we will first on to make sure we're maximizing and optimizing our platform. We’re having those dialogues all the time. I wouldn’t say that you’re going to see dramatic things, but we’ll continue to have an ongoing effort from a pricing perspective to manage against that competitor to the extent that they have early success.

Great. That's very helpful. Thank you.

Thank you. There are no other questions in the queue. I'd like to turn the call back to Adena Friedman for any closing remarks.

Great. Thank you very much. I just want to thank you all. I do want to again, thank Michael for just an amazing time together. I mean we’ve had, we’ve really are great partners. He’s done a spectacular job of preparing Ann for the role. He’s sponsored her and mentored her. I've had a chance to work very closely with Ann over the years. I just can’t be more excited to say that, despite the fact that we’re very sad to see Michael leave, we’re excited for him in his next step, and we are just thrilled that we have such a strong internal candidate to come in and take the role of CFO. You get to see Michael a lot over the next few months, including at our investor day, which is on November 10. We hope you all join us either virtually or in person, and we look forward to that. Thank you all very much and have a great day.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect everyone. Have a great day.