Thank you for joining us for the BioCryst First Quarter 2021 Earnings Call. Please be aware that this call is being recorded. I would now like to turn it over to John Bluth at BioCryst. John, you have the floor.

Thanks, Jay. Good morning and welcome to BioCryst's First Quarter 2021 Corporate Update and Financial Results Conference Call. Today's press release is available on our website. Participating with me today are CEO, Jon Stonehouse; CFO, Anthony Doyle; Chief Commercial Officer, Charlie Gayer; Chief Medical Officer, Dr. Bill Sheridan; Chief Business Officer, Megan Sniecinski; and Chief R&D Officer, Dr. Helen Thackray. Following our remarks, we will answer your questions. Before we begin, please note that today's conference call will contain forward-looking statements, including those statements regarding future results, unaudited and forward-looking financial information as well as the company's future performance and/or achievements. These statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied in this presentation. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. For additional information, including a detailed discussion of our risk factors, please refer to the company's documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which can be accessed on our website.

Thanks, John. I couldn't be more excited to have our first earnings call with revenue from a BioCryst launch product. This is the latest evidence that our company is going through a major transformation. Sales were very encouraging in Q1, especially considering this is our first quarter of the launch of ORLADEYO. This is a direct result of focused execution of our plan by the BioCryst team and the desire to build a great company that can discover, develop, and now, successfully commercialize oral medicines for patients suffering from rare diseases. Very few companies can do all three. The launch is off to a great start because we have a great drug. It works. Patients are experiencing meaningful reductions in their attacks, and they can achieve this by taking one capsule once a day. This is leading to patient switches from injectable prophylaxis and on-demand therapy. It's exactly what we saw in our market research and clinical trials, and it's already playing out in the marketplace. Great drugs don't sell themselves. We also have a fantastic team. Charlie and Allen Hodge, our U.S. GM, have assembled an experienced team, but more importantly, they're working together, working through challenges and obstacles like COVID and achieving great results. We couldn't be more pleased with the start. And the good news is we're just getting going with so many more patients to reach in the U.S. While the U.S. is the largest market, we now have approval in other major territories around the world. Our partner, Torii, is launching in Japan, and we recently received approval in the EU. The same planning and investments were made here too. The launch ramp will take longer as these are different markets from the U.S., but we expect these countries to contribute over time to our goal of achieving $500 million plus in global peak sales. And finally, our pipeline is full with the opportunity we have with our oral Factor D inhibitor, BCX9930, for patients suffering from many different complement-mediated rare diseases. We're heading into pivotal studies in PNH and proof of concept in nephritis indications. We will apply all the learnings of our HAE program and build off that success to bring 9930 to market, to create even greater value as a company that discovers, develops, and commercializes multiple oral drugs for patients suffering from rare diseases. Now I'll turn the call over to Charlie to go over more details about our early launch success. Charlie?

Thanks, Jon. The early data launch is off to a great start. We're pleased but not surprised. We knew we had a great drug that patients want because they are tired of the physical, psychological, and logistical burdens of injectable therapies. Physicians also tell us they are confident in prescribing ORLADEYO for a broad range of patients when they see the long-term data on attack reduction, safety, and tolerability. Here's what we're seeing so far. In a very competitive market, patients are switching to ORLADEYO. Over half the patients starting ORLADEYO for the first time are switching from injectable prophylaxis. The rest are switching from acute treatment only, now that they have an oral once daily prophylaxis option. In fact, the majority of patients on ORLADEYO by the end of Q1 were those who switched from other products. The rest were patients transitioning from our clinical trials and early access program. The prescriber base also continues to expand. Former clinical trial investigators accounted for a minority of ORLADEYO prescribers in Q1. Roughly 500 physicians treat 50% of HAE patients, and our team has reached nearly all of them. Most of these physicians tell us they intend to prescribe ORLADEYO, but only a minority have done so thus far, so there is a lot of room for growth. And finally, payers are reacting favorably to ORLADEYO. Most of the reimbursed product in Q1 came through medical exceptions, but many payers and PBMs also established coverage policies. Our momentum with payers is strong, and we expect a great majority of patients to have access to coverage for ORLADEYO by mid-year. The most important investment we made in this launch was building an experienced commercial team that knows how to execute. Our U.S. General Manager, Allen Hodge; and our U.S. VP of Sales, Ron Dullinger, launched Cinryze over a decade ago and successfully created the first market for HAE prophylaxis. They came to BioCryst because they always knew that an oral drug is what patients really wanted. They attracted a talented and agile team that understands the importance of accessibility for every patient in a competitive rare disease market like HAE. As excited as we are about the Q1 results, this team is just getting started. COVID has limited in-person sales calls, but vaccines are starting to change this. Our marketing programs are just starting to kick in, and expanding reimbursement access is giving patients and prescribers even more comfort in switching to ORLADEYO. We are very confident about the growth trajectory, and we believe ORLADEYO will reach peak global sales north of $500 million. The U.S. is the first and largest part of that opportunity, but we expect meaningful sales in Europe. Awareness and understanding of HAE in Europe is on par with the U.S., but the use of targeted HAE prophylaxis has lagged based on lack of options. Our work with European physicians and patients tells us that the availability of new options, and specifically an oral once daily therapy, will more than double prophylactic treatment share to 60% or more patients. We are taking the same approach in Europe as in the U.S., investing in experienced commercial teams that know how to launch rare disease products. ORLADEYO will launch in Germany this quarter, and early access programs are active in France and the United Kingdom. We look forward to sharing more about Europe in the coming quarters. And there is yet another ORLADEYO launch underway right now in Japan. I'll turn the call over to Megan to describe how our partners at Torii Pharmaceutical are approaching this opportunity.

Thanks, Charlie. We're excited the Japanese launch is now underway after successfully completing the NHI price negotiations last month. There are a few important points I want to emphasize again regarding the commercial opportunity in Japan, and what makes it different from the U.S. and Europe. First, ORLADEYO is the only approved prophylactic therapy in Japan. With no competition, Torii has a head start in building the prophylaxis market, and our oral once daily medicine is well suited for a population that tends to prefer oral drugs over injections. Secondly, while the vast majority of HAE patients in the U.S. and EU are already diagnosed, Japan lags behind. Only about 20% of patients are identified in the registry today. Torii is focused on finding patients and helping to advance their standard of care by providing access to the first approved prophylactic medicine. One reason we chose Torii was based on what they accomplished with Gilead's HIV franchise. Their strategy is focused on driving disease awareness amongst physicians and increasing patient identification. This strategy was very successful as they grew the business to almost $200 million annually. This experience served as a strong foundation heading into ORLADEYO's launch. And similar to us, Torii has been preparing well in advance and is fully focused on supporting a successful launch. Lastly, through our partnership economics, we have triggered the $15 million milestone payment following pricing, and we get to share in Torii's success with a tiered royalty from 20% to 40% of net sales. Overall, the Japanese market provides an outstanding long-term opportunity. We see a strong potential to follow a path similar to what we've seen in the U.S. in the last decade, an expansion of the HAE market driven by patient diagnosis and adoption of prophylaxis treatment as part of standard care. As Charlie shared, there's a lot of early momentum in the U.S. launch, and we're not surprised by this excellent start. Over the course of this year, you will continue to see new clinical data highlighting how well patients do on ORLADEYO over time. Patients are getting their disease under control while reducing the impact treatment has on their lives and independence. Our work is also helping physicians understand how ORLADEYO is an ideal treatment choice for all patients. It offers patients the attack control they desire and the lifestyle freedom and benefits of a convenient, more discrete oral once daily pill. Our strategy remains focused on shifting this treatment paradigm. As Charlie spoke about earlier, patients are switching, which is early evidence our strategy is working. We see a very similar unmet need and opportunity in the complement space with our Factor D program. I'll now turn it over to Bill for more on our 9930 progress.

Thanks, Megan. For everyone who discovered and developed ORLADEYO, and our clinical trial collaborators around the world, it is just so great to see the ORLADEYO launch doing so well. For hereditary angioedema, ORLADEYO is effective, it is safe, and because it is oral, dramatically reduces the burden of therapy. A very similar shift is beginning for patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, a very serious rare disease with no approved oral treatments, and whose standard of care is lifelong intravenous infusions. BCX9930 has a great opportunity to substantially improve disease control in PNH compared to the currently available intravenously infused C5 inhibitors. These do a good job controlling intravascular hemolysis, but many patients remain anemic, are still transfusion dependent, and continue to suffer from symptoms like fatigue. That's because C5 inhibitors cannot control extravascular hemolysis. These clinical advantages come on top of the obvious patient benefits of oral administration, and we are moving the program very quickly to get this medicine to patients with PNH. I'm pleased to report that we've now reached agreement with the FDA on both the design and the endpoints for our PNH pivotal trials. The two pivotal trials will each test oral BCX9930 monotherapy and will support the indication of treatment of PNH. The dose will be 500 milligrams BID. One trial will include patients who had an inadequate response to C5 inhibitors, and the other trial would include patients not currently receiving complement inhibitors, including those naive to these drugs. Patients in both categories need relief of anemia, freedom from transfusions, and relief of symptoms. The primary endpoint for both pivotal trials agreed with the FDA will be change from baseline in hemoglobin, a direct clinical measure of relief of anemia. In both trials, we will measure the impact on the need for transfusions as a secondary endpoint, and we will also capture other important outcomes in PNH, such as fatigue scores, PNH clone size, and laboratory biomarkers of hemolysis. The outstanding results we reported in March with mean hemoglobin change from baseline of 3.3 grams per deciliter in C5 inadequate response patients, and 3.5 grams per deciliter in treatment-naive patients position BCX9930 very well for success in our pivotal trials. As you heard in March, hematologists and patients with PNH are very excited by the prospect of a treatment that could dramatically improve outcomes and eliminate the need for IV infusions. We are convinced that success in our pivotal studies will drive a paradigm shift in PNH towards oral proximal, complement inhibition with BCX9930. So what's next in this program, we are now ready to move directly into the pivotal trials in PNH in the second half of the year, using the designs now agreed with the FDA. We will also move into a proof of concept trial in selected nephritis indications in the second half of this year. BCX9930 represents a pipeline in a molecule. We're very excited to be moving this program so quickly because we know that patients are waiting. Now I'd like to hand the call over to Anthony.

Thanks, Bill. We've continually said that we are focusing our investments where they can drive the greatest value. With ORLADEYO now approved in three key global territories, the commercial team in the U.S. getting the launch off to a great start, and the very positive data that we have of BCX9930, we are executing the strategy and we are well positioned for future growth. You can find our detailed financials in today's earnings press release, and I'd like to call your attention to a few items. Net revenue for the quarter was $19.1 million. Of this, $10.9 million came from sales of ORLADEYO in the U.S. Our operating expenses, not including non-cash compensation, for the quarter was $63 million, with the incremental investment from previous quarters focused on the development of BCX9930. We ended Q1 with $244 million in cash. This cash, in addition to access to the additional $75 million from Athyrium and now revenue from ORLADEYO, continues to give us cash runway into 2023. Since this is our first full quarter of ORLADEYO revenue, I wanted to take a minute to remind you of our approach and a couple of key items. We recognize revenue when our sole-source specialty pharmacy ships ORLADEYO to patients for use. Each shipment contains a 28-day supply of ORLADEYO. These are shipments directly from the specialty pharmacy to patients. So they are true sales and you will not see any inventory or channel stocking in our revenue numbers. When we look at gross to net, the biggest impact at the moment will be driven by non-reimbursed shipments. Our Quick Start program has proven to be a real differentiator and is delighting customers in the ease and speed of getting access to ORLADEYO, sometimes within 24 hours of a start form being submitted. The Quick Start program and our Patient Assistance Program both resulted in the gross to net adjustment being higher now than it will be once the launch is in a more mature phase. Because gross to net is so fluid early in the launch, we are not providing gross to net guidance, but as we continue to progress with the launch, you should expect our gross to net adjustment to move in line with other rare disease products. So what does our strong Q1 mean for future periods? Charlie's team did a great job of converting clinical trial patients, giving us a bolus of patients in the first quarter. Additionally, the team has achieved great success in helping many new patients switch from injectable prophylactic or acute-only medications. Together this gives us a really strong foundation for future periods. We have not provided revenue guidance as there are still several variables that will impact the growth trajectory of revenue that we need more time to better understand. First, what is the steady state of monthly prescriptions? While we've been very encouraged with the numbers to date, we need more time to see it play out. Next, what does customer retention look like over a longer time? In our clinical trials, this number was about 75% through 48 weeks, telling us that ORLADEYO was well tolerated and is providing outstanding attack control. While we believe we will see this level of persistence in the market, it's still too early to confirm that this is the case. And lastly, what does the trend look like when the vast majority of patients have reimbursement? The $10.9 million in net revenue we're reporting is only from patients whose ORLADEYO prescriptions are reimbursed. As Charlie described, we're making good progress getting ORLADEYO onto policies, but the pace of reimbursement in Q2 will be a key driver in the rate of revenue growth for us over the remainder of the year. While we're early in the launch, we are very encouraged by the results to date. We have a lot of work to do and a lot more patients to get this next generation of drug to. We have a great product in ORLADEYO. There is strong patient demand for it, and we have the team to execute on making our launches successful and getting us to our peak target of $500 million plus in the coming years. With that, I'll hand it back over to Jon.

Thanks, Anthony. This is what execution looks like. We're off to a great start with the launch of ORLADEYO in the U.S. and starting to launch in other major parts of the world, all contributing to what we believe will be a $500 million plus global peak sales product. Add to that, our plan to advance into pivotal studies in PNH with 9930. And in parallel, moving into other indications with this pipeline in one molecule. And finally, having the financial flexibility that comes with a strong balance sheet and revenue generation allows us to focus on execution and value creation. The evidence is clear that BioCryst is transforming into a company with product revenue, a full pipeline, and a discovery engine that produces these compounds and will continue to produce more. That concludes our prepared remarks. We'll now open it up for your questions.

Our first question comes from Jessica Fye of JPMorgan. Congratulations on a strong quarter. I was wondering if you could provide more details about which agents patients are switching from to ORLADEYO.

Charlie, you want to take that?

Yes. Jess, thanks for the question. We're seeing patients switch from all the different therapies, really in proportion to what you'd expect from their market share. So as I mentioned, more than half the patients are switching from injectable prophylaxis, and that means Takhzyro, Haegarda, Cinryze, proportion to their market share.

Okay. And you mentioned that some scripts were not reimbursed in the quarter. Can you say what proportion of first quarter scripts were not reimbursed?

Yes, we haven't commented on the specific details, but as Anthony mentioned in his comments, what we're doing with nearly all patients is starting off in our Quick Start program. And then we work with patients and providers to go through prior authorization. In Q1, most patients got access through medical exceptions. But we're making great progress with payers and we expect to make continued progress through mid-year.

And Jess, Charlie made comments in his prepared remarks around the more policies that are in place where ORLADEYO is on formulary, the more interest there's going to be from both doctors and physicians.

Got it. And just the last one on gross to net. You mentioned that longer-term that will move in line with other rare disease drugs. So can you just characterize what typical gross to nets are in rare disease?

Yes, from a gross perspective, what we'd be looking at getting is kind of into the teens-20 type of frame.

I wanted to add my congratulations on a great quarter. I'm going to turn to the PNH studies for a moment. Can you maybe discuss what sort of control will look like in both of the studies?

Bill, you want to take that?

Sure. Liisa, thanks for the question. I'm super excited about moving into these studies, of course. And one study will be a superiority trial against C5 inhibitors in patients who've had an inadequate response. And the other study, in patients who are not taking C5 inhibitors, will serve as a control group against placebo.

Okay. Can you describe how you will approach superiority to C5? Will you consider combination therapy for patients who do not respond adequately? Or will they transition to monotherapy? How will that work for the group with inadequate responses?

Both studies are designed as tests of BCX9930 monotherapy. Patients will be randomized in the C5 inhibitor trial to either continue their current treatment or start BCX9930 monotherapy and stop their current treatment. The goal is to obtain a label for monotherapy with a broad indication to treat patients with PNH. The study designs are aimed at supporting that type of labeling.

Okay. And how do patients go onto monotherapy from being on a C5? How does that work? Is it just a kind of cold turkey switch or is there a combination therapy and then a withdrawal or how does it work?

No, the C5 inhibitor is stopped and the oral drug, 9930, is started. It's just a simple switch.

We haven't seen the data yet for that population regarding monotherapy. Can you provide some insight into what that looks like in your Phase I and Phase II trials?

Sure. The protocol doesn't specify a particular timeline and it's a physician judgment call, but we expect that we'll be able to share data at the end of the year. Neither the regulators nor us are waiting for that data in order to start the studies because we're very confident in the drug, on the basis of the monotherapy results from the naive patient population. The disease is the disease, and Factor D targets the same. The dose is the same. So it's not necessary for us to see that data before we start the study.

Okay. Good. And then I guess just turning to ORLADEYO, really great out of the gates. Is there any kind of additional color you can provide on either the percentage of patients that were on your Quick Start program, receiving drugs that way? The percentage of prescriptions? And/or any color on persistence? Those are obviously the key questions to help guide us as we think about the rest of the year, launching off of this really great start. So I'm just hoping you can provide some additional color there. And that's my final question.

In the first quarter, nearly all patients began on Quick Start, which is part of our strategy. As we help them gain access, most patients received reimbursement through medical exceptions. If we could not arrange that in Q1, they will continue to receive free goods until the payers set their policies. Regarding persistence, as Anthony mentioned, we had excellent results in our clinical trials, with about 75% of patients remaining on treatment for at least a year, which aligns with our expectations for real-world outcomes. So far, the patient experience has been positive, but it is too early to determine what the long-term persistence rate will be.

Okay. And that patient Quick Start program is a monthly prescription until you get on reimbursement?

That's right. It's a month, and then if there's not reimbursement in a month, we will continue them either on Quick Start or on our Patient Assistance Program.

Okay. I guess that just leads me to one final question. Approximately how long is it taking to get reimbursed for a commercial drug at this point?

So in Q1, it's all over the board. Everything from a few days to patients still being on the program. And by mid-year, we expect that to really stabilize as the great majority of patients will have access to coverage through their plans.

Yes. And Liisa, the theme here is that as the year progresses, we will have more and more people on paid drug, and fewer and fewer on Quick Start. That's the plan.

Congratulations on the early progress. I'm curious to hear about the positive interactions you've had on both the clinician and patient levels through your hub. As it seems to be ramping up quicker, do you believe your staffing levels are adequate? Can you share some early insights from this more personalized approach and any adjustments you're making as things progress, particularly regarding staffing? Moving on to the EU, it looks like there's a focused selling effort ahead. Could you discuss where these patients are located and whether it's going to be relatively easy or challenging to reach them? Additionally, what have you learned from the injectables experience? We believe things should improve there, but any further insights on Europe would be appreciated. Lastly, for Bill, I realize it's early since you've just announced the start of these pivotal trials, but could you provide an estimate on the timing of results? Any details about the competitive landscape for patient enrollment and when we might expect to see data would be fantastic.

Great. Thanks for the questions, Ken. So the first question you had just about our specialty pharmacy Patient Services Program and staffing, one of the great things about having a sole source is we really prepared for the right staffing. And then Allen Hodge and his team have done a great job working with the SP to pivot as we see this demand from patients. They are really quick in making those changes to serve the patients well, and it's making a difference. As far as the EU, really good question about access to patients and how easy or difficult is that. The great thing about the EU is that treatment centers are very concentrated. So you can literally have hundreds of patients within a given center. And so what our teams are doing is working with the HAE experts at those centers to make them aware that ORLADEYO is coming and to reach out to their patients and bring them into the center. So we're really enthusiastic about the opportunity there.

And Ken, I’d add that BioCryst is a known entity to these docs that treat HAE in Europe, and we've been doing clinical trials all the way back to our first-generation program. And so we've got fantastic relationships, and they know the company. They've been involved in our trials. And so the excitement level is high.

Yes, sure. So Ken, what a great question. When will the studies finish? I wish I could be specific and give you a prediction. I think it's really difficult at this stage. We need to get them up and running. What I can tell you is that we have a great clinical execution team here at BioCryst, and we are going to approach this on the basis that patients really need this drug. It's going to be a major advance in PNH. That's what we believe. And so we'll be ramping as fast as possible. And just like in HAE, we'll go to the best centers all around the world to get these studies done. And just like HAE, in most rare diseases, getting patients on clinical trials is a competitive activity that we believe we have a great offering here with an oral Factor D inhibitor. So we look forward to seeing the study start and the accrual moving, and then we'll be in a better position to make an estimate of when they might finish.

Ken, I’d just add, it's hard to say because we just don't know what the rate of enrollment will be, right? In a competitive space, in a much larger study than what we've studied so far in PNH, it's just super hard to predict. But one thing I will say is Bill's team is excellent, and their aim is to be the sponsor of choice. And this is where big doesn't necessarily help you. Small companies that pay attention, that listen, that give the extra TLC, make a difference in enrollment. And so I am super confident that Bill's team will do that.

A few on ORLADEYO. First, apologies if you covered this before. Did you disclose the number of patients that were on drug at the end of the first quarter? And I guess how many of them are patients transitioning from clinical trials or the early access programs?

Serge, we have not disclosed the detail on that. What I can say is the number of patients on ORLADEYO continues to grow every day as patients switched to ORLADEYO. In Q1, what we did say is that the majority of patients, by the end of the quarter, were new patients switching to ORLADEYO, and then the rest of them were those transitioning from our clinical trials and EAP. And that transition program finished in Q1. So that bolus that Anthony talked about is complete. And then everything going forward is growth as patients switch to ORLADEYO.

Yes, and just one point of clarification on that. The complete means that they switch from clinical trials to Quick Start or our Patient Assistance. They have to go through the same process of reimbursement like any other patient. And so some have been reimbursed, some have not.

Okay. And I think you talked about physician base above 500 serving about 50% of the HAE patients. How big is the next set of physicians serving the other 50% that you need to address?

Serge, there are easily another 1,000 plus physicians out there, and we're reaching them as well. We're really concentrated on that top 500 just because they have more patients, and they really know HAE. So that's our priority, but we're reaching the other doctors as well. And we're getting prescribing from them too.

And Serge, I'd add what makes this achievement in the first quarter with the sales that Charlie and his team have generated even more remarkable is they did it in COVID, right? And so, we're already seeing things starting to open up with vaccination. That's only going to get better as the course of the year goes on.

Okay. And while we're on COVID, what has been the overall impact with restrictions? Are you seeing limitations on the number of patient switches? And is that something that you expect will increase as restrictions lift?

I think first of all, Serge, as Jon was talking about, COVID limited our in-person interaction with providers; fewer than 50% of our calls were in-person. That's going to make a big difference as we're able to do more in-person visits. And we had a great quarter despite all of this. Another piece is that oral is easy for doctors to prescribe. So it's something that many physicians have been comfortable prescribing ORLADEYO in a remote environment to their patients. With more in-person visits though, it's more opportunity, and we're excited for what's to come.

This is Kenny Chan on for Maury Raycroft. I have two questions, one on ORLADEYO. How is the progress on the formulary adoption versus reimbursement by medical exception? Have you encountered any pushback on the cost-effectiveness from insurances? And how are the reimbursement conversations going? Are insurances looking at ISO reports? And for the second question on the PNH program, what was the FDA feedback on LDH levels, and is there a specified LDH threshold that would trigger a safety concern?

Charlie, you want to take that?

Yes. Thanks, Kenny. As far as the payer progress, the policy progress, as we said in our comments, it's going really well. In Q1 it was mainly medical exception that we were getting access, but several payers and PBMs put ORLADEYO on formulary. And we expect a lot of acceleration of that over Q2. Cost-effectiveness, no, this is the lowest-priced prophylaxis on the market, and payers have reacted really well to our pricing strategy as well as the profile of the drug. And then as they see the demand coming from patients switching to ORLADEYO, it's really encouraging payers to establish coverage policies quickly. So we're very pleased with where we are.

Sure. Kenny, thanks for the question. We do have a secondary endpoint of percentage change from baseline in LDH. There is no threshold, either as an endpoint or as a safety concern for that matter. So LDH is a useful biomarker; the improvement in anemia with the change from baseline in hemoglobin going up and the improvement in transfusion burden with transfusion avoidance being, of course, the most important, but the number of transfusions going down; they’re the important clinical outcomes. Also, we're stressing that another very important secondary endpoint is evaluation of quality of life with tools such as the Fatigue Score. So measuring fatigue is important too.

And Bill, you want to just talk about the interaction with the FDA and that it was focused on clinical benefits, right? Biomarkers are important, but clinical benefit is more important.

Right. So the regulators, of course, want to see clinical outcomes being treated as important endpoints in clinical trials. So that's why we have change from baseline in hemoglobin as the primary endpoint and transfusion avoidance as a key secondary endpoint. And that's really the linchpin in evaluating a treatment of anemia, after all. So there's a whole range of interesting biomarkers; we're going to measure them. LDH is not viewed as important enough to be a primary endpoint; it's really very simple.

Next question comes from Brian Abrahams of RBC Capital Markets. Congratulations on the early launch. My first question is regarding the launch. I would like to know if you could explain the pent-up demand for patients who are new to ORLADEYO. Specifically, how long do you anticipate the current rate of switching from existing acute or prophylactic therapies will continue into the year?

Brian, it's Charlie. Good question. Yes, there was pent-up demand and we anticipated that. There are always early adopters. What we're really pleased about is that demand is ongoing. We are seeing patients switch to ORLADEYO literally every day. As I mentioned in my remarks, there's a lot of opportunity ahead.

And then it's going to peter out, Brian. We expect that this is going to continue to be strong through the course of the year. We said it's a $500 million plus global peak sales product. And we're even more confident in that.

Got it. That's really helpful. And then I'm curious what sort of feedback you're getting on how real-world efficacy and safety and tolerability is comparing to the clinical trial setting, any surprises there? And then I know it's early days, but I'm curious what you're seeing with respect to persistence and compliance for the new patients to therapy versus the rollovers from the extended access and Quick Start.

Yes. I'll take the first part, Charlie, if you could take the second, that would be great. So I'm smiling as you asked that question because the docs and patients told us that these drugs do way better in real world than they do in clinical trials. And so I think our clinical trial doesn't really represent the real benefit that we're seeing from patients. Megan mentioned that we're looking at the data from APeX-2 out to now 96 weeks, and it just keeps looking better, right?. And so I'll say it again, this drug works. People are getting a real benefit. They're getting control of their disease. And oh, by the way, they're doing it on one capsule once a day. So it's just a huge, huge benefit.

And then Brian, your question about the experience of rollovers versus new patients. The great majority of the patients who are in our clinical trials chose to continue on ORLADEYO in the commercial world because they're having such a great experience, and the early word back from patients that we hear back from our specialty pharmacy and we hear back through physicians via our reps, the early feedback is very strong. Patients newly switching to ORLADEYO are having a great experience as we expected. So we're pleased. And to my point earlier, we expect more patients to continue to switch to ORLADEYO based on what they hear from their peers about their experience.

Next question comes from the line of Tazeen Ahmad of Bank of America. On ORLADEYO, as it relates to, I guess, treatment-naive patients, what is your latest market data telling you about the percentage of patients who have HAE who are currently not on any therapy? And related to that, I'm just wondering, do you think once COVID starts to clear and more offices start to reopen that the percentage of wait of new patients or treatment-naive patients that are receiving scripts will normalize more relative to what you're seeing in the early stages of the launch? And then I have a couple of follow-ups.

Yes, I think I've got your question, but let me address it in a couple of different parts. What we saw prior to the launch of ORLADEYO is about 60% of patients are on prophylaxis. And so in the first quarter, we're seeing more than half of the patients coming to ORLADEYO switching from those other prophy products. Most of the remainder of patients switching to ORLADEYO are switching from acute-only treatment. So they may be naive to prophylaxis, but they've been treated with acute-only. Our research tells us that the number of truly HAE treatment-naive patients that are not on acute, not on prophy is small. That's a small opportunity in the future, but most of these patients are treated well by their doctors. They have at least an acute therapy, and those patients are deciding to switch to prophy now that they can do it with an oral once daily option.

This is a switch strategy, and it's effective. If you take away anything from today, remember that people are moving from prophylactic therapy to acute on-demand therapy, and now they are switching to oral drops. We observed this in our market research and clinical trials, and it is now evident in the marketplace, which is promising. It’s only the first quarter. Regarding COVID, there are opportunities here. Access for our representatives to doctors has been challenging in certain areas, but they have been resourceful and achieved strong results in the first quarter. As restrictions ease, I believe things will improve for both our reps and doctors. It has been more difficult with telemedicine, and some patients may be delaying visits, but I anticipate that will improve as more people get vaccinated and return to seeing their doctors.

Okay. Thanks for that color, Jon. And then for Japan, I know it's just very, very early in the launch, but in terms of the trajectory, would you expect it to be similar to what we would expect to see in the U.S., and do you have any visibility on what pricing in Japan is?

Sure. So on the trajectory, Tazeen, I think as we've been sharing, Japan is a very different market than the U.S. and Europe and is a decade behind. And so we're absolutely thrilled about the opportunity that Torii has to really build and shape it. So I think our trajectory in the near term is more tempered. Also, Japan is in a state of emergency currently with COVID and has a different rollout with the vaccine, so that may also slow that initial ramp. But as I shared in my remarks, we see this as a really strong long-term potential as Torii drives the adoption of prophylaxis, but also the expansion of the market through more diagnosis and treatment. And then, Tazeen, to your second question, with our pricing negotiations completing last month, we netted out with a price of around USD 250,000 per patient per year. And for us, we were really proud and excited about that price point and the opportunity it represents for patients and for Torii. So all in all, they're equally excited to now be out of the gates like the U.S. has been for the last few months, and we're excited to see what they can deliver.

Okay. And then maybe just one question, if I could, on PNH. For the few trials that you're running, I know it's difficult to take a guess on how long it's going to take to enroll, but for the naïve versus the placebo, the inadequate responder trial, excuse me, would you expect both to read out at around the same time, or do you think one could enroll faster than the other?

Bill, you want to try that one?

Yes, sure. It's very difficult to say at this stage, and either of those possibilities could come to pass. They could read at approximately the same time or one could move much quicker than the other. I think it's too early to know.

This is Swapnil on for Gena. So just one question on PNH. Can you tell us about what the size of the trials could be for this Phase III? And then what specific PK/PD data was looked at to go ahead with the 500 mg BID dosing versus courses 400 mg?

Thanks for your questions. So we're going to reserve additional details about the studies for later this year, maybe at a medical meeting or something like that. So we'll be happy to share all those details at that stage. Now with your doubts of selection of the dose, the PK/PD modeling uses all of the information you have, for example, in vitro complement essays and things like clinical outcomes and biomarkers like LDH. This is where LDH actually is quite useful as a fairly rapidly responsive biomarker that follows the dosing. And we saw disclosures through last year about how the higher doses are obviously superior to the lower doses. So I think that it's that type of information that goes into the model as well as, of course, the drug levels.

And let me just add on the size. I mean these are rare disease trials, right? And so typically in rare disease trials, you need a couple of hundred patients on the drug for a year for safety if it's a chronic therapy, and the expectation is it'll be something like that. I think we ended up, Bill, with over 300 in the HAE program when we filed, so…

Okay. And then one follow-up question. So for the slightly higher level that we see for LDH that was previously presented may have been due to shorter duration of treatment and the small sample size. So do you expect 500 mg BID dosing over a period of time to get you below that 1.5 upper limit of normal?

So that particular target is not an endpoint in either study. So I think that's the most important response to the question, in fact. There actually is nothing magical about 1.5x the upper limit of normal of the LDH. And LDH is certainly a useful biomarker, and we're measuring it and it's included as a secondary endpoint. It's more relevant in the setting when you're starting out with a high LDH and you're not on C5 inhibitor therapy, but it's not as important as increasing the hemoglobin, then reducing the transfusions, and improving the fatigue. So specifically and to answer your question, I think what we've seen in all of the other studies of all of the other complement inhibitors, when sponsors have published individual patient data over a long period of time, you see that the LDH fluctuates and that will be typical in this disease. We expect to see the same thing. So we observe people for long enough, the LDH will kind of fluctuate over time, but if people are not anemic and not being transfused and feeling well, then we achieved all of the principal objectives of treatment of PNH.

Yes. And what's most exciting is we now have an agreement with the FDA that hemoglobin is the primary endpoint, change from baseline, which is really exciting.

Your final question comes from Jonathan Wolleben of JMP Securities. Congratulations on a strong launch. I have a few questions. First, can you clarify whether the $10.9 million figure for ORLADEYO is after your royalty payment and if there has been any significant contribution from the ATU in France?

Yes. So the $10.9 million is not net of the royalty payments. The royalty payments are, just as a reminder, 8.75% of those net revenues up to $350 million. And then once we get over $350 million, it drops down to 2.75%. Where that hits is below the line between operating and net income, basically as an interest expense, Jon. In terms of the ATU, no, nothing meaningful.

That was all U.S. sales, the $10.9 million.

Great. And then just one question on the market. With you seeing patients switch from acute, if you have any sense on the percentage of patients now of all HAE patients who are on prophylaxis and where do you think that kind of levels out in the future now with you guys on the market, and you're seeing more switches over to prophylaxis.

Good question, Jon. As I mentioned, we're very confident that at the time of the ORLADEYO launch, about 60% of U.S. HAE patients were on prophylaxis. As patients transition from acute therapy to ORLADEYO, that number will increase. Physicians anticipate that in the future, around 80% of patients will be treated with prophylaxis. Consequently, the acute market is diminishing every day, and we expect a similar trend to develop in Europe after our launch there.

And it's turning out that the market research that Charlie has been doing is playing out in the marketplace.

Thank you. There are no further questions at this time. I will now turn the call back to John Stonehouse for closing remarks.

So I've done a lot of earnings calls in my 14 years at BioCryst, and I got to say this is one of the most fun and exciting ones that I've been a part of. We've got a great launch with a great product and a great team, and we're just getting started. And so it's really exciting to have a product that's generating real revenue. We have a green light to go into pivotal studies with our next program. That's an entire pipeline in a molecule. And so we're going to be starting up pivotal studies later this year. So it doesn't get a whole lot better than that. And our focus now is execution. I'm just so proud of the team and the just incredible focus and execution that they delivered on and will continue to deliver on. So thanks for your interest in our company and have a great day.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference call. Thank you for joining, you may now disconnect. Have a great day.