Greetings and welcome to the Hershey Company fourth quarter 2025 question and answer session. To join the question queue, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I'd now like to turn the call over to your host, Anori Norton, Vice President of Investor Relations for the Hershey Company. Thank you. You may begin.

Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us today for the Hershey Company's 4th quarter 2025 Earnings Q&A session. I hope everyone has had the chance to read our press release and listen to our pre-recorded management remarks, both of which are available on our website. In addition, we have posted a transcript of the pre-recorded remarks. At the conclusion of today's live Q&A session, we will also post a transcript and audio replay of this call. Please note that during today's Q&A session, we may make forward-looking statements that subject to various risks and uncertainties. These statements include expectations and assumptions regarding the company's future operations and financial performance. Actual results could differ materially from those projected. The company undertakes no obligation to update these statements based on subsequent events. A detailed listing of such risks and uncertainties can be found in today's press release and the company's FTC filings. Finally, please note that we may refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures that we believe provide useful information for investors. This information is not intended to be in consideration in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. Reconciliations for the GAAP results are included in this morning's press release. Joining me today are Hershey's President and CEO, Kirk Tanner, and Hershey's Senior Vice President and CFO, Steve Boswell. I will now invite Kirk to begin with a brief introduction.

Hey, good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us. Hey, before we get to questions, I just want to recognize our team and what they accomplished in 2025. Through skillful execution, we strengthened our market position, we invested for the future, and we closed out the year with real momentum, all while navigating serious headwinds like cocoa inflation and macro volatility. Heading into 2026, I am confident. Our portfolio is resilient. We're looking at 4% to 5% net sales growth and meaningful. And that gives us runway to invest in innovation. Thanks for attending the call today, and we're ready to take your questions.

Thank you. As a reminder, it's star one to join the question queue. To allow for as many questions as possible, we ask that you each keep to one question and one follow-up. Our first question comes from the line of Andrew Lazar with Barclays. Please proceed with your question.

Great. Thanks so much. Good morning, everybody. Good morning. Good morning, Andrew. Hi. Maybe to start, I appreciate, obviously, that the chocolate category is typically not one that is a pass-through category, and that Hershey and others are still hedged well above where current spot rates are for cocoa at this point. But I guess just given the precipitous recent decline in the commodity, I guess is there a risk maybe this time around that we could see some price deflation at some point by either Hershey or competitors to sort of better match, you know, go-forward cocoa costs? And I guess, how do you account for that sort of possibility in the guidance?

Yeah, thank you for the question. Our competitors in the category are sophisticated and we're large like ourselves, and they likely have coverage for more certainty in their business. And private label remains small here in the U.S., so that's kind of the first point. But there's a big conversation around how we think about pricing and the price of cocoa, et cetera. I'd like to make a few points here. So first, we don't take pricing lightly, and we've been very patient and played the long game when cocoa markets surge to balance consumer needs. Our actions that we've taken are anchored in consumer insights, and the brands remain affordable and accessible. 75% of our portfolio is still under $4. The pricing we took in 2025, I think this is important, does not fully cover our COCO cost inflation in 2026. So we're on a recovery path while also adding significant fuel to our growth with investments in marketing, innovation, R&D, really to keep that momentum on the top line going and keeping the category exciting for beyond 26, into 27, 28. And then recently, pricing on our snacks business, I think we're in really good shape. We had 18% growth on our snack business in Q4 on double-digit volume growth. Let me get a drink. Sorry, Andrew.

No, no. Take your time.

So that's kind of an abroad, what we see in the market. Certainly, the deflationary momentum on cocoa takes future prices.

That's helpful. And then just a follow-up, I guess, regarding elasticity, it's great to see that it's thus far coming in more favorably than you anticipated. I guess I'm curious, you know, to what maybe do you owe this better outcome? And, you know, is the company building in some flexibility in the plan? Should elasticity increase, as we've seen maybe in some other markets for some other players? Thanks so much.

Yeah, let me start, and I'll kick it over to Steve so that I think his voice might be stronger. Anyway, look, we're encouraged for what we've seen so far. So, you know, we announced pricing in July, we started taking pricing mid-September, and so we've gotten information, and, you know, that it's informed, and, you know, our information is informed on what we're seeing right now, and we're encouraged by what we're seeing right now.

Yeah, and I would say, you know, elasticities don't stay static, it fluctuates over time. While we're experiencing elasticities right now, that's favorable to our original outlook. Look, you know, we continue to plan for around 0.8 to account for these fluctuations. There's still some price pack changes to roll in. There are still some channels rolling shelf tags through. So it's going to take a little bit longer, I think, for everything to fully adjust. Of course, our goal is to do better than that. So with the strong activation calendar that we have, some of the investment that we have, you know, our goal is to do better, but the guide, you know, allows for something.

Thanks so much. See you in March.

Thanks, Andrew.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Megan Klepp with Morgan Stanley. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, good morning. Thanks so much. I'll maybe start with a question for Steve to give Kirk, maybe give you a little bit of a break. So another question on COCO, but more related to the margin framework. So I think in the prepared remarks, you talked about stable rates across the broader commodity input basket. You know, just given the precipitous decline we've seen in COCO, how should we think about COCO within the framework? Were you able to kind of capture any benefit from what we've seen over the last month? Or is this really a tailwind as we think about about 27? And what I'm really just trying to get at is, you know, I think you're implying 41 percent gross margins and 26, obviously a really nice recovery from 25, but still well below where you've been historically. So, you know, based on where COCO's gone, is it kind of reasonable to expect continued progress kind of back towards those historical gross margin levels in 27?

Sure, yes. Happy to take it. Hey, we're glad to see that the COCO financial markets have finally begun to reflect some of the fundamentals that we've been describing really for the last 18 months. You know, as we look out, we continue to anticipate a larger supply surplus in 25 and 26, driven by supply expansion and some of those new origins we've talked about, as well as a contraction in global demand. So I'd say we're optimistic as we look to the future. That said, you know, there's market volatility still as prices are trying to find that new equilibrium. And I think we still believe that new equilibrium is likely to be above what we've seen in historic levels. Our hedging program has been in great shape for 2026, and we're hedged above current market levels. So, you know, if you kind of extend current market levels flat, you know, that would suggest that we still have some upside for further deflation in 2027. So we'll talk more about that as we get more 2027 and 2028 perspective at the conference. But, you know, as we look ahead, we see more possibility for upside there in the future.

Okay, great. And maybe kind of a related question, a lot of discussion and then prepared remarks about the increased brand investment you're doing in 2026, including a double digit increase in advertising. So as you look out to 27, how should we think about kind of the durability of the increased brand investments you're making in 26? And, you know, as you mentioned, as gross margins hopefully kind of continue to expand as COCO deflates, how do you think about kind of the need or desire for incremental reinvestment, you know, beyond what you're doing in 26?

I mean, I think I would think about the things we're doing in 26 are, in some cases, multi-year investments that are going to lay a foundation for not just 26 but 27 and beyond while still delivering great growth in the present. You know, we're really focused on fueling demand creation through things like scaling some investments in R&D and innovation, brand building, the retail sales team and the technology around that that sets the portfolio up and really focuses on household penetration expansion and capturing new consumers, recapturing some of our lapsed consumers. So the investments are a mix of things they're going to deliver today, but also things that are laying a foundation, a multi-year foundation. And, again, if we look to 27, 27 is also going to be a year like 26 of driving growth, but also margin recovery. So, you know, that balance will be present in 27 just like it is in 26.

We'll go in greater detail at our investor conference in March. We'll really unpack this brand building, our investments in R&D. You know, the solution here is to have sustainable long-term top-line growth, and those capabilities and investments that we make are really important, and we'll unpack that in March.

Great. Thanks so much. Looking forward to it.

Our next question comes from the line of Peter Galbo with Bank of America. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, good morning, guys. Thanks for the question. Steve, I actually was hoping maybe we could unpack the quarter a little bit. You had some pretty nice upside in the gross margin, I think even relative to your own expectations to the tune of like 250 basis points plus. I know you outlined maybe some of that in the preparator marks of the buckets, but maybe you could just give us a little bit more detail on the upside in the quarter between kind of tariff, cost saving, volume D leverage, where those kind of buckets stood.

Sure. Yeah, you're right. We had a few hundred basis points of better performance and gross margin than we expected in the fourth quarter. And there are a couple things in there. Obviously, volumes were strong, so we got a little bit more leverage. But probably the single biggest piece was tariffs. Now, you think about tariffs in two ways, tariffs on our products, which we have high visibility to, and we'll talk about that as some of that still sitting in inventory to come out in Q1. But we also pay tariffs on some of our suppliers' items. And that was an area where we anticipated paying more tariffs on some of our suppliers' materials than we ended up paying in the fourth quarter. And that was one of the, I'll say, surprises to the upside or the positive for the quarter. Upsetting that, we had a little bit of LIFO headwinds, inventory revale headwinds, but that was the biggest piece for the upside. Got it. Okay.

Thanks for that. And, Kirk, you know, the prepared remarks had a notable on kind of Hershey and Reese's, you know, having a true campaign for the first time in eight years. I was commenting to Inori this morning, like, I've seen the Team USA ad. It's great ad copy. But just, like, the impetus kind of for why now, you know, why this, why now on both those brands, again, given it's been some time, would be helpful. Thanks very much.

Yeah, thanks for that question. Yeah, this is the year of Hershey, and we're investing in Reese's as well. But when you look at the campaign, it's your happy place with Hershey's. That really builds on the connection and love that consumers have for the brand. And staying relevant with consumers on big brands is so important to fuel our growth. We've got a full year planned on both Reese's and Hershey. You'll see innovation on both. There's big innovation coming out on Hershey. And then, of course, we have the movie celebrating Milton Hershey and really the great American story, success story of the Hershey Company coming out in the fall. So it really is an action-packed year that really celebrates these two big brands, and that drives growth for us.

Thanks very much. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Peter Grom with UBS. Please proceed with your question.

Great. Good morning, everyone. I wanted to ask on the 26 guidance and, you know, understanding a lot has changed over the last few months as it relates to COCO, tariffs, elasticity, but I kind of wanted to bridge from the expectation last quarter of being on algorithms, maybe being a little bit above that post tariffs to now kind of expecting 30 to 35% earnings growth. And I asked that more in context of trying to understand the degree of cushion or flexibility in the guidance, just given the expectation for such strong growth.

Yeah, let me address just the momentum on the top line and let Steve talk about the EPS proportion. But if you think about what's different between now and when we talked last, is the momentum in the business, and it's across the portfolio. So we've got real strength in our CMG business, and we continue to see that. And then fundamentally, how we're investing in our brands and delivering innovation, that gives us the confidence on the top line. And then our salty portfolio has been really, you know, has got a lot of tailwinds. It's really positioned with consumers in the right places. Again, we saw 18% growth on organic growth in quarter four in our salty business. And that's double digit volume growth. So we see real health there. And the combination of our salty and sweet portfolio gives us the confidence to deliver the top line, which also, of course, helps our earnings. So that's different. Then on EPS, Steve can talk through the levers there.

It's a good spot to be in for a change where we have two of our biggest risks, COCO and tariffs, fully understood, at least up to the moment, for the year. So that's a good place to start. On top of that, since we last talked, we've got a better view. We get new data every day on elasticities. We feel better about what we're seeing. We haven't, as we said earlier, we haven't built all that potential upside into the plan, but we believe we've got a good balanced outlook on elasticities. We've got strong operating plans that Kirk and I have been through in detail in the last few months, and we're excited about those. And at the same time, we're balancing that with, you know, understanding the headwinds from the macros and making sure that we've got a balanced view of how those could play out for the year. You know, as we think about the gives and takes, we sometimes focus on, you know, what's in our control and what's outside our control. You know, in our control, as we said earlier, we want to do better on elasticities, and we've got strong programming and brand engagement to do that. We've got investments in innovation, media, in-store activation, and then, you know, the ability, which we've done a great job of, delivering on productivity and cost savings. So I've got very high confidence in that set of controllables. But there are things out of our control, you know, macro headwinds, which, again, I believe we've got a prudent outlook for. competitive response. Again, we're not seeing anything today that's causing concern, but these are the things that we will certainly keep an eye on. I think a key as we think about the 26 guide is that we have flexibility to respond to what's going to change and challenge. And so we've done a good job of being agile in 25, and we will do the same in 2020.

Great. And then maybe just a follow-up on Salty. There was a competitor this week that talked about affordability, price reduction, that they're seeing expanded shell space distribution. I know there's some subcategory differences, but just curious how you see that playing out for the category and maybe any implications for your business as well.

Yeah, our Salty business has got a lot of momentum, like we talked about, you know, 18%, double-digit growth for the full year, and really healthy volume growth. Customers reward space on performance and velocity. That's the fundamentals of category management. And so we are, as well, we're expanding with our customers, and customers need our growth. If you think about the category, the Salty category was relatively flat last year, and we grew double digits. So we provided a lot of growth in the category, and we'll continue to do that with our customers, and we'll be rewarded with space gains and additions, including support for the innovation that we bring out on our Salty business. So I feel really good about the fundamentals of where we are with our Salter business, and that momentum will continue.

Great. Thank you so much. I'll pass it on.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of David Palmer with Evercore ISI. Please proceed with your question.

Great. Thank you. Good morning, guys. You know, I want to hit on that line of questioning you heard earlier. You know, people right now are going to be wrestling with how to think about earnings into 27, which is ridiculously early, I know, but, you know, people are going to clearly be imagining, you know, 10 bucks or more in earnings in 27, just thinking through where Coco is today, and likely it could be in the 4000s for that upcoming year, just based on how you might be hedging this year into that year. I'm just wondering, like, things that would maybe not make – we don't want to get ahead of ourselves in terms of flow-through, things that could hold back that flow-through to get to those types of numbers. You know, price elasticity moving over 0.8, I would imagine, would be one. But other wish list types of reinvestments, any thoughts on that would be helpful and I have a follow-up.

More in the investor day. You know, I agree with you. I think we all agree the external factors, as we look out, seem to be improving. COCO, one of those, you know, we'd agree that today if you were to snap a chalk line, you'd probably say that looks like a potential tailwind for 2027. But it's still volatile. It still hasn't found its new normal. And, you know, we continue to watch it. On the other side, you know, we are going to, as we said earlier, continue to make investments in the portfolio and products that are going to set us up for, you know, multi-year performance. And so we feel good about what we have in the 2026 plan. Some of those are going to carry over into 2027. We are always going to balance the margin recovery and the growth. So, you know, don't think about that investment that's taking away that margin recovery. But it's a balancing factor to make sure we enable long-term growth. And then, as we talked about earlier, you know, we're going to watch those macros very closely. You know, we'll get more data on SNAP. You know, we've got a lot of data coming in on GLP-1s, just like many of you do. We have a team of people who does nothing but study and analyze these macros to understand the impact on our business. And so we have built in what we believe is the best information today into that guide, but that will be a place we'll watch as it develops over the course of this year and we get more data.

Thanks for that. And just I don't want to front run your investor day, but, you know, Kirk, you obviously have been in the CPG space for a while. You have fresh eyes on this business. You obviously have a chance to have a say in the plan for 26 and 27. You know, in terms of how we should think about the type of growth activations and the things that you're doing, the levers that we will see more of perhaps than that we've seen in the recent past. Any thoughts on that? Just tease the analyst a bit.

Yeah, let's tease it out. But, hey, look, first of all, we'd love to see you all on March 31st in New York. We're excited to share that. I'm excited to share the plan. So, you know, 2026 is really the first chapter of our next generation of growth. And what we'll kind of share with you is the portfolio that we're building. Look, we have a terrific portfolio today. We'll continue to invest in that portfolio. And we're going to double down on our strengths. And those strengths will fuel that top-line growth while we return earnings to our shareholders. And we'll bring that to life at the Investor Day. And we'll be very articulate about what investments we're making, what capabilities and what outcomes we expect, but you'll see that really come to life. We're really excited to share that with you.

Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Leah Jordan with Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning. Thank you for taking my question. There just seems to be a lot of attention and excitement about the innovation and activation plans and a lot of your commentary today. So seeing if you could provide more color on the plans you have for the coming year, key timing we should think about. And then I think ultimately, how do you think about growth and innovation versus core for the coming year?

Yeah, I think it's a balance. You know, we just talked about some of the investments we're making on Hershey's and Reese's. I think that, you know, quality core growth is really important. And there's innovation in those places as well. But innovation is so important to the category. And we've had some really good innovation as of late. Reese's Oreo has been a really nice tailwind for us, and that continues through most of this year where we have, you know, two-thirds of the year will have, you know, that being a real positive to us. And then we have a pipeline of innovation that, you know, we're launching across our sweets and chocolate portfolio that we're excited. Plus, we have really good innovation on our salty business. And so innovation on our Hershey brand, Dots brand, Skinny Pop, Jolly Rancher, you'll see all that innovation. We'll share all that innovation at our upcoming Investor Day, but it is robust. And then if you think about 27 and beyond, the pipeline of innovation, that's why we're making continued investments in R&D. Come to the market faster with the most relevant, consuming ideas, and we'll share that pipeline.

Okay, great. We'll look forward to that. I think for my follow-up, I just wanted to go back to the gross margin discussion, specifically around this year and the cadence. Thank you for the color on the 400 basis points. We should expect for the full year a little bit of pressure in 1Q and improve thereafter, but any more color on the puts and takes we should think about and the magnitude of that improvement as we go through each quarter? Thank you.

Sure, you bet. I can take that one. As we kind of look through the flow of the, we're going to see, you know, the first half is going to be or excuse me q1 will be the strongest from a top line standpoint you know we're going to carry the momentum out of the fourth quarter feel really good about our visibility in the first quarter on the top line uh but margin and earnings are going to remain under pressure because we still are going to have higher cost inventory you know we're still going to have tariffs in that inventory so we'll see margin and earnings pressured in q1 as we go to q2 the top line growth is going to moderate slightly but you're going to see an inflection from a gross margin standpoint. And we expect to see double-digit EPS growth for the balance of the year from there. Of course, we know we got tougher comps in the second half, but we factored that in as we think about this flow. So think about momentum carrying through the first half on the top line, second quarter inflection from a profitability standpoint. And then we'd expect to see our brand investment up double digits across the quarters. And this reflects some of those investments we talked about earlier.

That's very helpful. Thank you.

You bet.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Max Gunport with B&P Paraba. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, thanks for the question. Clearly, elastically so far have been encouraging, and I'm not expressing my own view here, but one that I hear from some investors. I think there's a narrative out there that once you get through this pricing cycle, you'll be unable to grow your chocolate volumes for several years. It's similar to what we're seeing in other packaged food categories currently. I realize we're a long way away from that point in time, but I'm just curious what pushback you'd offer to that narrative and if there's any historical precedence you're focused on. Thank you.

Yeah, let me break it down. Look, we like where we're at with really the big categories across our confection business and our salty business. The confection, it is an emotional And if you think about where the growth is right now in retail, it really is around functional and emotional brand. If you just look historically, it's been a very resilient category, so a really good category. On the salty side of the business, I think it's really important, permissible, better for you, portion control. Those are areas where the growth is, and that's where our brands are positioned in the category. I'll give you a couple examples. Skinny Pop is doing exceptionally well. It's a rumor trends in what they're looking for. Dots pretzels really shows how you can reinvent a category and drive growth. Dots is now the number one pretzel in the category, and it is about tying into the relevance of what consumers are looking for. So that, of course, you're going to hear more about kind of the long-term, and I'm really plugging this Investor Day, so I hope you're all coming. But we'll walk through kind of the long-term plan and how we see the categories and how we see the sustainability of that over the long-term horizon.

Yeah, and I think we'll have an opportunity there, too, to talk about how we can play offense on some of the categories that are going to see more growth. So, we know sweets, better for you, premium, some of the functional products that we're going to talk about. I think we're going to have a really good story about how they can lean into the volume story as well.

Great. Thank you. And then in Europe, where I realize you don't have much of a chocolate presence, but it's a market where we – it's an interesting corollary because in Europe, we saw chocolate pricing get taken earlier in a sizable way. And initially, elasticity were quite encouraging, as you're seeing in the U.S. currently for your own chocolate business. But in the middle of 2025, we started to see pricey assets ramp up meaningfully in Europe ahead of where the industry expected them to be. So I'm sure you're studying consumer behavior over there, even if you don't have much of a presence. I'm curious what your learnings are that you've taken, and if there's any factors you're seeing that make the consumer in Europe and how they approach chocolate different from the U.S. consumer. Thanks very much.

Yeah, yeah. Thanks for that question. Yes, and we are definitely studying that. Look, we've taken a very patient approach as we've, you know, the impact of cocoa and the pricing. So we've taken a very patient approach through the lens of the consumer. The categories, though, in the U.S. look very different than Europe. There's more brand differentiation. So you look at the brands across the portfolio, there's a high level of differentiation. There's a variety across the portfolio. And the top players have higher market share. Europe has a concentration of chocolate tablet bars and private label, but there is a very distinguished difference between the brands in the U.S. and the role of each of those brands play in the confection category, so there is a big difference. And the category skews premium in Europe, and it skews mainstream in the U.S. Relative affordability is still a key component of the category. Again, you know, we mentioned that 75% of our portfolio was under $4, very accessible.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jim Solera with Stephen Zink. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, Steve. Good morning. Thanks for taking our question. Good morning. I wanted to ask a little bit around SNAP. As, you know, we roll into 26, there's some incremental rule changes, I think, both on work requirements and some states restricting what you can buy with SNAP dollars. Just walk us through, I guess, first, the overall percentage of your portfolio that is exposed to SNAP dollars and maybe how you're thinking about those changes in 2026 since they're all relatively new to the program.

Yeah, thanks, Jim. The SNAP, let me just give you what we know on SNAP, and this is how we're seeing it. Look, our early assessment in the states where waivers are in place is still pretty noisy. It's been just since January, and we're looking at winter storm implications, and really the difference across retailers is they implement it. We've been proactively spending time with customers and consumers in these states to get ahead of the choices they're making, and we are readying our strategies to deliver for them. We have factored the SNAP waiver adoption into our outlook and we'll continue to monitor that and provide updates over the course of the year so to date only two states have implemented implemented SNAP waivers for candy of the 12 states that have waivers approved so in total throughout the course of the year there'll be 12 states that are impacted two states so far will gather those insights again it's pretty early days But I would tell you it's a manageable headwind, and it's contemplated in our outlook. Great.

And then shifting gears a little bit, you called out the, you know, 10 different cultural and seasonal events this year to boost engagement. Are you able to quantify how much of an incremental uplift we should see from kind of that more filled calendar relative to, you know, what like a normalized year would be?

Yeah, I think it looks, if you kind of look at our outlook, it's reflected in that outlook. Look, it continues to make our top line robust. And some of the kind of the background on this is we have excellence in executing seasons. So we gained share across the seasons last year. But what makes it so great is we have these consumer-loved brands coupled with great execution in the marketplace with our retail sales team. This gave us insight. It's like we have the opportunity to be a part of more cultural moments, and the Olympics starting this weekend is really the first of those. But we'll show up for NCAA Final Four, then we'll show up in the summer celebrating 250-year anniversary of our country. Our brands are expected by consumers to show up in these big cultural moments, and connecting our brands to these cultural moments gives us the license to have more activity throughout the year in these cultural moments in addition to seasons. And it has this almost always-on approach where you can see our brands, our salty and our sweet brands together in the marketplace celebrating these moments. And kind of that's the background of that.

I appreciate the call. I'll have a second to you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Tom Palmer with J.P. Morgan. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning. Thanks for the questions. You discussed plans for double-digit ANC increases, and then, lest I missed it, your answer to Andrew suggests that your pricing plans, some of which have not rolled out, still hold. I did want to ask on promotions.

How do you consider the possibility of stepped-up promotions later this year and maybe balancing the optionality of promotions versus allocating towards marketing dollars? yeah so let me ask let me answer the advertising and the investment we're making there so we've got great programming around building our big brands like we talked about hershey and resus plus we have these programs these moments that we will support throughout the course of the year it is a balance of delivering pull and push so you think about that demand creation We're very cognizant, and we have great return on these investments to deliver that, and that delivers the top line. And then from an execution standpoint, I would tell you that the category remains very rational from a pricing standpoint. We'll continue to leverage promotion to drive excitement with consumers and deliver that right concert with the execution across our seasons in these terms. But I would expect, overall, a very rational category.

Yep. And I would just say on the first part of your question, just to be clear, all the pricing's been sold in, so that's not a risk. There's nothing else pricing-wise.

Thanks for that. In the prepared remarks, there was a comment about expected low single-digit sales growth for international. I wondered if maybe you could provide some color on expectations in the other two segments. And then also there was a comment about profit recovery for international, and I wondered to what extent that might reflect incremental pricing actions, because they were relatively modest as we look at 2025. Thank you.

Sure. I can take maybe the segment piece first, just to share a couple headlines. So organic sales growth on the confection segment, around 3%. Salty snacks, mid-single digits, international, down-low single digits. So that's the organic top line. From an EBIT standpoint, we've got all double digits across the segments year over year. So that's kind of the high. On international, you know, we've taken a lot of price this year. And, you know, that's part of what we're seeing in terms of some of the volume impact from that. We play in the premium part of the market. We've got cocoa-intensive products, and so we've been, in some cases, stronger on pricing in order to make sure we're setting up a good, strong future P&L. We've been very thoughtful about trying to focus on the markets where we believe we have the best case to win and making some choices on go-to-market that, again, are thinking about the future and the profitability. Despite the challenges, we've had some wins in the international market, and we'll talk about some of those and how we're expanding on those when we get to March. But we do have a mix of sort of recovering for COCO, pricing, and then also optimizing the portfolio itself to make sure that as we look to the future, you know, we're investing behind our big brand like Reese and also our core markets with a streamlined route to market.

Yeah, let me add on a couple of things on international. Look, I'm really bullish on the opportunity that we have internationally. I look at our track record right now just from how we're performing in the markets. It's our key markets, and we're gaining share, gaining share across Canada, Mexico, Brazil, the U.K. I think those are really important. We have the opportunity to do that. We're going to bring a focused strategy that really articulates how we're going to make investments and why we have a right to win.

Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Lavery with Piper Sandler. Please proceed with your question.

Thank you. Good morning. I want to come back to guidance. I know you laid out some of the flexibility or ways that, you know, you're trying to allow for risks and capture those. But curious, not to get too greedy, if there's expectations where you can point to potential upside and maybe also specifically how to think about buybacks. I know you said there weren't any in the last quarter, but you mentioned the authorization that remains. or any of those included in the outlook for 2026?

So I'll come on to VIVAX. On the upsides, we touched on some of these already. I mean, if elasticities were to hold in the sort of space they're in now, that would be a potential upside. Even the macros, although our outlook is to expect the macros like SNAP and GLP-1s to have a growing impact across the quarters, which I think is reasonable. If that is slower or less impact, I think that's upside to what we've tried to prudently build into the outlook. Things like the performance on innovation, media, all these in-store activations and tentpoles that we've talked about. Again, our goal is to execute all those to try to beat the plan, but those would be potential upsides. And then, you know, as always, we want to exceed our productivity and cost savings goals. So we've got what I think are good, challenging objectives there to go get, but our supply chain teams are fantastic, and they're going to go hard against trying to beat those. So I think those are all the kind of things we would point to. When I look at it in total, I feel like as we look at the guide, you know, it's balanced. We're trying to recognize there are upsides and opportunities to beat in some areas, but also, you know, there are still some unknowns that we want to make sure we can contend with. And that's where the agility piece comes in. On buybacks, you know, I'll just maybe just say our capital allocation strategy is kind of resetting back to normal a little bit. And so, you know, without some of the pressure, cash pressure in particular on. And so, you know, as you can tell from the guide, you know, our focus in job one is to make sure we're funding the business and driving good, smart, long-term investment in the organic business, you know, maintaining a posture of agility relative to inorganic growth opportunities. And, you know, we're integrating lesser evil. That's going very well. We're going to continue to look for those sort of opportunistic places. You see CapEx kind of normalizing again back into the space where it should be. You see us focused on, you know, working capital efficiency like we are every year, driving savings, dividend returning to growth, which is very important to us, and I'm pleased to see that, and we feel good about leverage, and we have to read on leverage. So all that kind of comes then down to the repurchase, and as we've said in the past, you know, share repurchase is a great way to put tension in the capital allocation equation, We're not going to warehouse the shareholders' money.

If we can't wisely invest it for the future, we're going to give it back, and so that conversation is now back on the table because we're going to have strong cash flow we've got great investment supporting the business and as the year progresses and we get a little bit more perspective on on some of these macros and everything else we'll reintroduce that conversation no that's that's great color thanks and it sounds like you might be having an investor day soon but um and i'm sure you'll you'll get into this in obviously much more detail but But as you lay out some of the investment opportunities and the reinvestments you're making this year, just at a high level, maybe can you give us a sense of how much we should expect a near-term impact versus longer-term and how that kind of fits into your thinking?

Yeah, I'm going to punt the details of that side to the investment. What I would say is all of these investments have something to do for us now and are going to have things to do for us for the future. You can imagine investments in R&D, you know, the near term on R&D investment may not be as big as we're going to see in 27 and 28. But even so, we'll get some early insights from that. And so we'll unpack that more, but, you know, think of these as multi-year investments, but they do have benefits even as we get to especially the back end of this year.

Yeah, let me just add, you know, these investments are all about driving growth, top line growth, sustainable growth, modernizing our portfolio. So those are fundamentally what's backing this growth, is to fuel and keep heat on our brands with consumers, launch innovations that are relevant, and do the R&D so that we can continue to modernize our portfolio for the future. And staying relevant is so important. So it really is about fueling growth.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Alexia Howard with Bernstein. Please proceed with your question. Good morning, everyone.

Can I start with the price elasticity in international markets versus the U.S.? Do you have views on why the trends seem to be worse in the international markets and why they're better over here at the moment?

Let me take that question. You know, we discussed a little bit. There's a big difference between the two categories for starters. The category in the U.S. is highly unique. The category is very differentiated across the portfolio. There's a lot of runway by brand across the landscape in the confection category in the U.S. versus a high chocolate tablet bar market in Europe, along with the impact of private label. So you think about affordability also is a real big lever, and the category is affordable. It skews mainstream. You know, our portfolio is still mostly under $4. That, I think, is a really big difference. But the resiliency has been really positive for the category here in the U.S., and, you know, what we've seen so far, we're encouraged by.

I would say, you know, specific to our portfolio and international and the elasticities, you know, keeping in mind we are premium market positioning, so we see some more elasticity there. We're relatively limited in scale in some regions and, you know, not a market leader. So those are factors with our portfolio in particular that drive higher elasticity.

Great. Thank you very much. I'll pass it on.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Smith with Stiefel. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, good morning. Steve, you called out an increase in both marketing and operating costs through the year. It sounds like marketing up double digits is fairly evenly phased, but is there anything unique you'd call out on the operating costs? And with operating costs growing in line with sales, is this a level of investment that as you exit 2026 allows some future leverage from SG&A?

I think across the course, I would guide say it's probably going to be pretty even. And there are going to be some, and again, I'll go back to things like R&D that will probably build a little bit more in the back half. And we'll unpack that more when we get to investor day, too. But I think overall, it should be up across the quarters. With respect to leverage in 27 and beyond, again, I'll go back and say while we're investing and some of these investments are multi-year investments to set up a future of growth, we are also aware of the margin recovery story that we need to continue in 2027. So, you know, we have always two things going on at once. You know, we're looking to make smart, long-term investments in the business, but at the same time, we want to fuel that investment with productivity and savings. And so we kind of say, hey, we're investing for demand creation, but we want to drive demand fulfillment efficiency. And we're very good at that. And so we're going to continue to drive supply chain efficiencies. We're going to drive efficiencies between the lines, like we've done with the transformation work, and continue to drive there, too. So our goal is over time we are going to see leverage across all.

Looking forward to seeing you in March, and I'll pass it on.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Lime of Robert Mosko with TD Cowan. Please proceed with your question.

Hi. I had a question about, like, just trying to understand how you forecast all of these macro factors at once. Like, you know, you have the snap cuts from a federal level. you have the waivers at the state level, you have the GLPs, and then you have, you know, elasticity from higher pricing. And I think you've done a really good job of keeping things pretty conservative on the elasticity assumption. But the models that your team is working on, Steve, like, can they figure out the cumulative impact of all these things at once? It sounds just like a lot to put into models that probably don't have a lot of historical precedence for that.

Yeah, I mean, it is, it's a challenge for sure. Each one, and we've said this before, you know, we've got, we've got a small team on each of these, really trying to dig deep. And in the case, as Kirk said, in the case of Snap, we have people on the ground working with retailers to understand exactly how this is working out on shelves, what retailers are doing, what we're doing. And so, you know, we're trying to get firsthand information to build into these models. And then at the same time, we do try to run scenarios and come up with a risk-balanced view across these macros to try to come up with an assumption for the outlook. And, you know, I know we'll be wrong. You know, we try to be prudent and balanced in the way we look for and project these out. But taking the best information that we have. You know, we get smarter. Every month that goes by, we'll have more data. And I expect that some of these programs, or excuse me, some of these things like SNAP, more states get involved, GLP-1's adoption gets easier. You know, we're trying to predict different ways it could play out. And then again, how our portfolio can play offense against some of those challenges.

And that was kind of my follow-up. You said that you're working with retailers in a couple of states where the waivers are happening. Like, can you be more specific on what playing offense means? Like, what kind of things can you do?

Sure. You want me to take down one? Yeah, I can jump in. I like playing offense, so this is good. Yeah, I mean, a lot of it has to do with, yeah, when you work with customers, affordable price, affordability still remains a really important part, and driving other channels too. So, you know, we have a big convenience business, driving our immediate consumption business, driving availability of those top SKUs are incredibly important. But I just go back to how do we drive the insights around the affordable price points, unique packages. Those are solutions with our customers. Again, two states out of the 12 states have been implemented. It's early days. We'll continue to, you know, discuss this as we get greater insights, and we'll talk about the tools that we're leveraging to, you know, curtail this.

Very good.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Scott Marks with Jeffries. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, good morning. Thanks so much for taking the questions. Two questions from me. The first one is on cocoa. I think previously you had said that you were hedged for 26 above the rates you had locked in for 25, but that you also had some flexible hedging structures. So, given the comments today around stable commodity basket, should we assume that means that your COCO cost in 26 is actually in line with that of 25?

So, yeah, so COCO is up 25, and what we said before is it's hedged materially above 25, just hedged above where COCO is trading right now. When we – just like we did last year, you know, we've got a variety of hedging structures, and some of those structures allow us to participate in downside. So even in 26, we have a little opportunity. It's not like it was last year to participate in downside, but there's still a little bit there that if COCO continues to decline, we'll have some potential. And then, of course, as we looked at 27, you know, placing hedges today would mean that we'd have deflation between 27 and 26. So we're watching that space. And, again, we've got a very structured hedging policy to take advantage of that.

Understood. Thanks for that. And then second question, you know, today there's obviously a lot of discussion around focusing with innovation and media behind some of the largest brands. And I think over the past maybe year, year and a half, there was maybe a little more emphasis on supporting some of the smaller brands within the chocolate portfolio as well. So I'm wondering if you can just kind of share how you're thinking about some of those tail brands and how we should be thinking about investment in those going forward.

Yeah, this is really about, you know, world-class portfolio management. And we announced, obviously, Hershey's and Reese's big investment across those. That gives us a lot of momentum in the business, and it drives a lot of growth. We do have a beautiful portfolio across our confection and salty brands, and there are other tools that we're leveraging to grow those brands. So we are paying attention to the entire portfolio, and we're clear about each brand and the role it plays in our portfolio so that we can get to the consumers in a more targeted way. So it is a balance of both. It's not a tradeoff between our large brands and our smaller brands that have lots of potential. We're investing across our portfolio, but it's very deliberate about the opportunity each brand and the role it plays in our portfolio.

We'd like some of those small brands to become the next billion-dollar brands. We're going to continue to leverage non-working media to support new brands and occasions as well.

Thanks very much. We'll pass it on.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Chris Carey with Wells Fargo Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Hi. Good morning, everyone. I just wanted to ask one follow-up on Coco. Just as you think about 2027, how aggressive can you be about hedging the current drop? And if I heard it correctly, did I hear that you don't need to take pricing in 2027? That's how you're viewing current levels right now? And then I would follow up.

So there's a couple things in there. We're not going to get specific about 2027 hedging, but we will be very thoughtful. We have a program that gives us some structure in how we attack that. But that's probably all we're going to share relative to that. Relative to pricing, I think, you know, where Cocoa is trading today, looking ahead to 27, it probably takes some pressure off pricing in the near term. You know, we've taken price, we're going to execute and activate against that. You know, in a broader sense, you know, pricing is part of a long-term strategy, but it's only one part. You know, we have mix and innovation and, you know, other ways to drive value pack price pack architecture and so in the long term you know we look at all those things through the mix it's just we happen to be in a case more recently because of cocoa to have to rely more on price okay great and then one quick follow-up would just be when you think about volume obviously margins are recovering nicely do you have a view on where you want volumes to be as we look out over the next 18 months um and when you think volumes can get back to kind of flash to positive things yeah i think kirk kind of touched on this earlier you know as we get we're going to be digesting the price increase in 2026 activating against it as we get further out and we look to you know 2027 and beyond you know our goal is to get back to a more balanced mix of price and volume and we know we've got parts in the portfolio that even with some of the macro headwinds are set up for volume growth you know sweets better for you premiums the functional products and that's not to say we can't get volume in the core just to say that even as you look at the macros there are places where our portfolio can play stronger from a volume standpoint so again this is something we'll also unpack more when we're together in March as we look out past 26 but you know recovering volume you know we've got we've got equipment ready to go to make more candy and so we're anxious to be able to deploy it against volume.

Yeah, let me just add just a couple things. Yeah, volume unit growth, occasion growth is really important to us. And we'll build on that. And we've got plans, of course, in 27 and 28 that we'll share. But it really is coming down to, you know, delivering that consumer occasion and driving growth in that. And we'll do that in a variety of ways. But that is a really important the lever for us.

Thank you. Our next question comes online of John Baumgartner with Mizuho Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning. Thanks for the question. Good morning. There was a comment this morning about investing in your protein portfolio. And it's been six years since the acquisition of OneBar. So I imagine Hershey's gained some decent understanding of the category by now. How do you think about participating in protein as a theme? I mean, to what extent do you view protein as sort of an edge to retain consumers gravitating to healthier snacks? And I guess especially since we've seen numerous cases already of snacking flavors, you know, applied successfully in the protein space.

Yeah, I think that's really a good question, really relevant for what we're talking about. Investing in our protein business, we have a really strong outlook for our protein business this year. We've invested in a lot of R&D around protein and fiber and things that our consumers are looking for. I look at the total snacking universe and functional snacking is a reality and we have to participate in that space and we are and we really like what we're building with one and fulfill and we'll continue to add resources against that and see the growth coming through. Yeah, that is an area that we'll focus and build on for the future.

And then maybe to follow up on that, Kirk, just, you know, considering how Hershey built the Salty Snacks portfolio through M&A, I guess, what's the feasibility or interest level to use balance sheet to expand similarly in protein? I mean, does your interest level rise to build a portfolio of brands and subcategories, or should we just think about future protein efforts really just anchored more to the one bar brand?

Yeah, it's a big white space, and there's so much traction from consumers, I think you have to really be open to two. I mean, both, right? Growing organically, we see lots of potential for the brands that we have, but we're also open for those opportunities that build our portfolio. So I would say we're open for that approach. But, you know, the first thing, the things that we can control right now are let's grow these businesses, let's innovate in these spaces, let's get thriving brands, and then we'll be open for opportunities in the future.

Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Binking Zoo with Rothschild & Company, Redburn. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. My first one is trying to follow up on the volume question. Because your 2026 guidance, two and a half, three and a half organic cells, and 10% pricing, that embed is quite meaningful, volume makes it cry. I appreciate that the early in the year and the elasticity is favorable so far, but how much volume decline are you comfortable absorbing before you would reconsider pricing and maybe lean more towards promotion and price adjustment to support the volume? And then I'll have a follow-up, please.

I mean, the volume impact of the pricing that we have taken is embedded in the guide, So, you know, we accept that. We don't like it. We want, as we said several times, you know, we want more volume growth when we're together. In March, we're going to talk more about that. But the volume impact of elasticity that we have inside the plan has been factored in. In our plan, between marketing dollars, promotion dollars, investments, you know, we believe we have the agility inside the plan to be able to deploy to protect sensitive areas and respond if we see a concern. You know, as we sit here today, as Kirk said, the market's been rational. You know, the kind of competitive environment is stable, so we don't have any particular pockets of concern. Elasticities are as expected, and so it's not a little better. But we're ready inside the plan to respond if we need to.

Okay, thank you. Then I have a follow-up on the pricing. So in the prepared remarks, you mentioned pricing to the 10% in 2026. If I recall correctly, I think a few quarters back in Q2 when you announced the price increase, you expect to be mid-teams in 26. So that's a bit lower than what you previously guided. Can you provide more color on that, please? Does that mean you maybe rolled back some pricing you originally planned, or what does that mean?

Yeah, we haven't rolled back any pricing. It may be just a misunderstanding of, you know, if we're talking by segment or we're talking overall company. pricing increase. That might be where the misunderstanding is. But we've realized that the pricing that we had announced earlier in 2025, as we said earlier, the more recently announced pricing is already in the market. So from a pricing standpoint, everything is on track and nothing's been rolled back. And, you know, we're all in execution mode.

Thank you. Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes our question and answer session. I'll turn the floor back to management for any final comments.

Thank you all for your questions.

And we look forward to catching up with you over the coming days and weeks yeah thank you very much thank you this concludes today's conference you may disconnect your lines at this time thank you for your participation