Good day, everyone, and welcome to the Nucor Corporation First Quarter of 2022 Earnings Call. As a reminder, today's call is being recorded. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session and instructions will come at that time. Certain statements made during the conference will be forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The words we expect, believe, anticipate and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify those forward-looking statements, which are based on management's current expectations and information that is currently available. Although Nucor believes they are based on reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that future events will not affect their accuracy. More information about the risks and uncertainties relating to these forward-looking statements may be found in Nucor's latest 10-K and subsequently filed 10-Qs, which are available on the SEC's and Nucor's website. The forward-looking statements made in this conference call speak only as of this date, and Nucor does not assume any obligation to update them, either as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. For opening remarks and introductions, I would like to turn the call over to Mr. Leon Topalian, Chief Executive Officer of Nucor Corporation. Please go ahead.

Good afternoon, and welcome to our first quarter earnings call. I'd like to begin the call by introducing our new Chief Financial Officer, Steve Laxton. During the first quarter, we announced the retirement of Jim Frias and the appointment of Steve to the role of CFO. Steve began his career in Nucor in 2003 and has spent the last 8 years as our Vice President of Business Development. We're excited for Steve's future as CFO and welcome him to the executive team. And you'll be hearing from Steve in a few minutes about our first quarter financial performance. I'd also like to take the opportunity to thank Jim Frias for his 30 years with Nucor. He has had a tremendous impact on me, our team and our company, and we wish Jim and his wife, Sharon, and family the very best in his upcoming retirement. Also joining us on the call today are members of the Nucor executive team, including Dave Sumoski, our Chief Operating Officer; Al Behr, responsible for plate and structural products; Doug Jellison, responsible for raw materials and logistics; Greg Murphy, responsible for business services and our General Counsel; Dan Needham, responsible for bar, engineered bar and rebar fabrication; Rex Query, responsible for sheet and tubular products; MaryEmily Slate, responsible for our enterprise, commercial strategy; and Chad Utermark, responsible for fabricated construction products. Last year, we achieved record safety performance, beating the safety record we set in 2020, and the Nucor team is off to another strong start in the first quarter of 2022. We continue to see excellent safety performance across our divisions as our teams work to meet strong demand from our customers. I'm proud of our team's commitment and progress toward achieving our goal of becoming the world's safest steel company. Team, together, let's set another record in 2022. Turning to our financial performance. We achieved record first quarter results with earnings per share of $7.67. The quarter was marked by pronounced volatility as Russia's invasion of Ukraine impacted commodity markets and the supply chains of nearly every industry. While the Ukraine-Russia conflict certainly is having an impact on our industry, the much larger concern is the humanitarian disaster that has unfolded in Ukraine. The images coming out of Ukraine are heartbreaking and our thoughts and prayers are with the Ukrainian people who continue to endure significant suffering due to the invasion. The onset of the pandemic in March of 2020 and the Russian invasion of Ukraine are 2 recent events that upended markets and showed the resilience and sustainability of our business model. Our flexible production process and diversified product portfolio have helped us to thrive in the volatile market conditions that followed. I'm extremely proud of how our Nucor team has navigated the pandemic and several unexpected supply chain disruptions over the past 2 years. We are on the cusp of completing $4.1 billion in strategic organic growth investments by the end of 2022. We have also completed $2.1 billion in strategic acquisitions and returned approximately $4.8 billion in capital to our investors through the last 5 quarters. Our balance sheet remains under-leveraged, and we have a fresh series of new organic growth initiatives that are just getting underway. Nucor delivered breakout record performance in 2021. And now we're beginning 2022 with a new quarterly record, which we expect to surpass again in the second quarter. Our team's ability to navigate the current disruption to the seaborne pig iron markets highlights the benefit of Nucor's powerful and adaptive business model. Pig iron makes up roughly 10% of Nucor's overall metallic supply in a typical year. Russia and Ukraine have historically accounted for over half of that supply. However, at the outset of this war, we immediately ceased all purchases of pig iron and any other raw materials from Russian suppliers. We could do this without disrupting customer supply or quality because we have worked over the years to effectively manage the risks related to our raw material needs. While we have not been able to source material from Ukraine since the war began, we look forward to partnering with our Ukrainian suppliers when conditions in the region permit. We have several advantages that are enabling us to manage through this disruption, including good long-term relationships with numerous pig iron producers globally; reliable DRI production capabilities in Trinidad and Louisiana that are particularly helpful in this environment; the ability to increase our production of low copper spread and to continue to invest in additional technologies for high-quality metallics, especially those that can help us further reduce Nucor's carbon footprint; and our DJJ brokerage arm that has once again proven its value as it utilizes its broad network to ensure our steel mills have the scrap they need to meet our customers' requirements. Turning to current market conditions. We continue to see robust demand across the key end-use markets we serve. Some markets, like automotive, continue to be constrained due to supply chain issues. Last year, we realized outstanding results despite key markets like automotive and energy being challenged and well below their averages and our initial expectations. The first quarter of 2022 was similar, with very strong overall demand despite continued supply constraints, production challenges in automotive and relatively tepid response for energy products despite strong pricing for hydrocarbons. And now let me provide a quick update on some specific growth initiatives. During the first quarter, we completed our acquisition of a majority stake in California Steel Industries. And as we've discussed on our last call, this $400 million investment expands our geographic reach in the sheet market to the West Coast, grows our portfolio of value-added sheet products and creates supply chain efficiencies with Nucor's downstream businesses in the region, including Verco and Hannibal Industries. We welcome CSI teammates to our Nucor family. We also announced plans to modernize and expand the product capabilities of our sheet mill in Crawfordsville, Indiana by adding a construction-grade continuous galvanizing line and prepaint line. The construction-grade continuous galvanizing line will have a capacity of 300,000 tons per year, while the prepaint line will have an annual capacity of 250,000 tons per year. Crawfordsville was our first sheet mill, pioneering EAF thin slab casting. These projects in Indiana will enhance Crawfordsville's ability to competitively serve the regional construction market. Earlier this month, we announced plans to build our third rebar micro mill in Lexington, North Carolina. We have had great success with our micro mills in Missouri and Florida, and saw a real opportunity to supply rebar to the fast-growing region between Washington and Atlanta. Population growth in this region, along with the new federal infrastructure spending, is increasing rebar demand. The site in Lexington is near abundant scrap supplies and transportation corridors, allowing us to efficiently deliver rebar to customers in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast. We're really excited to be growing our presence and creating jobs in our home state of North Carolina. With regard to our modernization and expansion project at Gallatin, the team there has completed commissioning the EAF and LMF. The caster and second down coiler will be commissioned during the coming weeks. Following that, we'll have a 7-day outage in early June to commission the roughing mill and hot mill crop shear. By June, all of Gallatin's new capabilities and capacities will be online. We currently anticipate shipping approximately 0.5 million tons of Gallatin's added capacity in 2022. By Q3, Gallatin should be able to produce at a 3 million ton per year rate. Our team continues to receive recognition from our customers for the high-quality products we provide. For the fourth year in a row, Nucor has received the GM Supplier of the Year Award. We remain the only EES steelmaker to receive this award. In addition, Nucor received GM's Overdrive Award for supplying them with our iconic products. GM is our first customer to receive these products, and it is an example of how we work and listen to our customers to help them achieve their sustainability goals. These awards also demonstrate the benefits of the investments we are making to serve our automotive and other customers with demanding applications for lower-CO2-intensity steel. To our Nucor team, you should be extremely proud of receiving this recognition for 4 years running. Econiq is just one example of our focus on sustainability. While our greenhouse gas emissions are just 1/4 of the global average for the steel industry, we continue to look for ways to further reduce our emissions. We have supported the development of solar and wind energy projects by signing 3 power purchase agreements for roughly 600 megawatts of renewable power generation capacity. And earlier this month, we announced an investment in NuScale, a leading developer of new nuclear power technology called the small modular reactor. This investment in NuScale complements these efforts to help the United States develop new sources of clean power. An effective electric grid requires both baseload and intermittent power sources, which is why we believe that both nuclear and renewable energy must be a part of the solution to achieve carbon reductions while maintaining grid reliability. On the trade front, unfairly traded imports remain a concern. The U.S. ITC is conducting 5-year sunset reviews this year of key trade orders on flat products, including cold-rolled steel and corrosion-resistant steel. These orders are important to market stability and industry performance, and Nucor will vigorously work to ensure that they remain in place. We view our advocacy for effective trade law enforcement as an essential component of Nucor's efforts to take care of our customers, teammates and shareholders. Nucor is investing more than $7.5 billion in our steelmaking operations over the 2019 to 2025 period. These investments are expanding the Nucor team by approximately 3,000 jobs and are driven by exciting opportunities to compete in a global steel marketplace where winners are determined by real cost and quality advantages that create sustainable value for consumers and not by government subsidies or other noneconomic factors. I'm incredibly proud of the Nucor team's exceptional focus on delivering world-class performance in every area of our business, particularly our record-breaking results in safety and profitability. We are grateful for the trust our customers place in the Nucor team with every order, and we strive to offer exceptional customer value by being leaders and delivering the cleanest and most sustainable steel solutions in the world. Our key forward-looking indicators for 2022 remain favorable, and we expect another strong year in both earnings and cash generation. Now Steve Laxton will provide more details about our first quarter performance. Steve?

Thanks, Leon. I want to start out by thanking all of my Nucor teammates for their outstanding work in the first quarter. As they've done over my 19 years with Nucor, the men and women of this team continue to inspire me by what is achieved working together. And I'm honored and privileged to be working alongside you in my new role as CFO. As Leon mentioned, first quarter of 2022 earnings of $7.67 per share establishes a new first quarter record, more than doubling the prior record of $3.10 set last year in the first quarter. These results also exceeded our guidance range of $7.20 to $7.30 per diluted share. Better-than-forecast earnings for the month of March were achieved across a broad array of businesses, including our rebar and merchant bar mills, sheet mills, building systems and raw materials businesses. The value of Nucor's unrivaled product diversity, coupled with our highly variable and adaptive cost structure, was on display yet again in the first quarter. Comparing the first quarter of 2022 to the fourth quarter of 2021, a number of our businesses achieved strong earnings growth and provided an offset to weaker pricing and volumes that impacted our sheet business. Our Steel Products segment profits of $684 million was the highest quarterly result ever. We fully expect the segment to set a new quarterly earnings record in the second quarter as nonresidential construction demand remains strong, and margins continue to expand in joist and deck, metal buildings and tubular products. It's worth noting here that over the last 10 years, the period ended in 2021, our Steel Products segment EBITDA increased from $66 million in 2012 to just under $1.5 billion last year. Over time, we've intentionally developed a diverse portfolio of market-leading businesses that provide a wider set of the end-market solutions. These include joists, deck, tubular products, cold finished bars, metal buildings, fasteners, and most recently, insulated metal panels and racking systems. These last two additions made in 2021 are a fantastic complement to Nucor as they sit at the confluence of our core capabilities and growth sectors of the economy. Strong net earnings for the quarter translated into strong cash flows from operations, which amounted to approximately $2.5 billion. We redeployed a portion of this cash via cash expenditures and acquisitions totaling almost $800 million. These strong cash flows also positioned us well to continue to deliver on our commitment to provide attractive cash returns to our shareholders. Capital returns during the period totaled over $1 billion or about 50% of quarterly net income. They consisted of dividends of $137 million and share repurchases of $905 million or approximately 7 million shares. Financial strength remains a critical enabler of Nucor's ability to create incremental value for shareholders. Our company continues to have the strongest credit rating in the North American steel sector. At the close of the first quarter, our cash, short-term investments and restricted cash holdings totaled $4.3 billion. Nucor's liquidity also includes our undrawn $1.75 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, which matures in November of 2026. Total long-term debt, including current portion, was approximately $6.7 billion at the end of the first quarter. This includes $1.1 billion of bonds we issued last month. Half of these are 10-year notes with a coupon rate just above 3.1%, and the other half are 30-year notes with a coupon rate just under 3.9%. These proceeds will be used to redeem our $600 million of 4 1/8% notes due this September and our $500 million of 4% notes due in August of 2023. On March 25, we issued a notice to redeem all $500 million of the 4% notes. Excluding the debt being redeemed this month and the debt maturing in September, gross debt as a percentage of total capital was approximately 26% at the close of the first quarter. And now I'd like to spend a minute or two on capital allocation. Nucor has a clear capital allocation framework that remains unchanged. Our first priority for capital is to create additional value through deployment that leverages our existing capabilities and positions of strength. Our second priority is to maintain and grow a healthy regular dividend, something we've done for 49 straight years without fail. Lastly, we remain committed to sharing upside returns directly with our shareholders. Specifically, we target a minimum of 40% of our earnings going directly to shareholders via cash dividends and share repurchases. The execution of that first priority is how we create meaningful long-term value for our shareholders. The present successes we are realizing today are a result of our team's consistent focus over our company's long history on disciplined execution of our business model and growth strategy. Today, we are laying the foundation for a future of further value creation. Let me highlight here a summary of some of the key activities. As Leon mentioned, with the completion of Brandenburg later this year, we will have deployed approximately $4.1 billion of capital over the past few years on 10 significant projects that enhance Nucor's competitive position across its product portfolio. We remain confident that these 10 projects will generate annual EBITDA of at least $600 million during normal market conditions. During stronger environments, such as 2021 and '22, we can expect far better results from them. You may recall that during our fourth quarter earnings call, we noted that 5 completed projects, accounting for approximately $1 billion of capital spending, generated about $675 million in EBITDA during 2021. Looking further ahead, we have roughly another $3.5 billion of incremental capital spending on significant projects planned for the coming years, including our North Carolina rebar micro mill, enhanced capabilities at our Gallatin and Crawfordsville mills, and our West Virginia sheet mill. We expect that once fully ramped up, these facilities will be able to generate around $700 million of incremental EBITDA annually for Nucor, again, during normal market conditions. In addition to our organic growth opportunities, Nucor continues to engage in strategic and targeted M&A activity. As Leon mentioned, we've deployed about $2.1 billion in capital via acquisitions during his tenure as CEO. Collectively, these investments further differentiate Nucor and create a powerful catalyst for future sustainability and shareholder value. We expect to add more than $1.6 billion to Nucor's run rate EBITDA in future years from these already completed and underway investments. We're excited about these opportunities to grow substantial shareholder value in the years ahead. We'll have a short slide deck summarizing and posted on the IR page of nucor.com later today. As Leon mentioned, demand remains strong across our key end-use markets. We expect that the second quarter of 2022 will be the most profitable quarter in Nucor's history, surpassing the previous record set in the fourth quarter of 2021. Second quarter earnings will be driven by the increased profitability in Steel Products segment I mentioned earlier. In addition, the Steel Mills segment earnings are expected to strengthen due primarily to increased profitability of our sheet and plate mills. Nucor's raw materials segment is expected to generate increased profits in the second quarter due to relatively higher selling prices for raw materials.

We'll take our first question from Emily Chieng with Goldman Sachs.

Thank you for the update today. My first question is just around the volumes that we did see in the first quarter. It looked like there were some declines in plate and maybe modestly lower sheet shipments sequentially. Any sort of end market that's particularly driving that and then expectations for the rest of the year as we progress? And maybe on that same note, I would note that steel mill operating rates did were noted to fall into 77%. Is that just a function of a higher denominator?

Thank you for your questions, Emily. If I miss any of them, please remind me. I’ll start by discussing the context of what we observed in the first quarter. Our Executive Vice President of Sheet, Rex Query, may provide additional insights. As we transitioned from the fourth quarter, which marked the end of a historic year across all our product groups and the company, we identified three key factors influencing the year-end. First, imports resumed, particularly from Mexico and Canada. Second, distributors became fully stocked. Third, the mills managed to catch up simultaneously. As we entered 2022, we noticed a slight decrease in pricing along with some softness on the sheet side. A significant portion of our sheet business operates on contracts, prompting us to make strategic choices to focus on maintenance and take downtime at various facilities to ensure we would be ready for future demand. This shift occurred shortly thereafter. I also want to mention that we made a conscious decision not to flood the spot market when we didn’t foresee sufficient volumes, resulting in some decline in our utilization rates. However, the underlying demand for sheet and plate remains exceptionally strong. As Steve indicated earlier, we anticipate a very robust second quarter. Regarding profitability for Q2, part of the rationale for our optimistic outlook is tied to our strategic approach and execution. We expect the higher-priced tons from our sales pivot in February and early March to flow into the second quarter promptly. Rex, would you like to add anything regarding sheet, and Al Behr, perhaps you could provide some comments on plate?

Emily, thanks for the question. And well covered, I can only add a few items. I think Leon did well setting the stage of what happened late in the year as we progress. And basically, what we saw was those conditions being corrected as we entered early into the first quarter. So the second part you asked was about expectations for the remainder of the year, and I'll tie that in with the utilization. To the utilization, that 77% you mentioned, we're going to see a substantial increase for that. We positioned ourselves well with the outages we've had and the maintenance work that occurred to be able to do that and ramp up for the remainder of the year. I can speak for the next coming months, bookings have been very strong. Backlog has increased, so we see strength. Underlying demand in our core segments that we have in the economy in general are very strong.

Thank you, Rex. Al?

Yes, the situation with plates is quite similar, Emily. I’d like to add a few detailed comments. When we examine the market, we consider a couple of levels. One is the end-user level, where actual consumption occurs. As Leon mentioned, we observed strong demand in that area. Fabricators continue to perform well, and the construction and heavy equipment sectors also demonstrated notable strength. There were several instances where the demand from the consumption side was robust. At the distributor level, we noticed some inventory adjustments throughout the quarter as they reduced their stock, which led to some weakness in the spot market. We decided not to pursue those tons and instead maintained a long-term focus on profitable tons. This allowed us to take some time for outages, perform preventative maintenance, and position our operations well to capitalize on the improving market conditions, including better pricing and increased activity. We anticipate running in Q2 at significantly higher utilization and potentially higher margins. Thank you for the question.

Great. That makes a lot of sense. Yes. No, that was very clear. I do have a follow-up, and it's just around the raw material mix. And I appreciate the comments that you provided earlier. My question is around the DRI component. I appreciate that you've got a couple of assets there in Trinidad and Louisiana. How should we think about the utilization rates of those two assets? And what's the opportunity to continue to increase production?

Yes. I'll ask Doug Jellison, our EVP of raw materials, to comment. I would just provide maybe a high-level first. The flexibility of Nucor's business model has enabled us to pivot. I couldn't be more proud of Doug or David Joseph's team and the entire raw materials team for how they've responded. Because quite frankly, outside of supply chain disruptions that really are inconsequential when we think about the humanitarian crisis that's existing and going on right now in Ukraine, it really pales into comparison. All that being said, the day after the invasion happened, we stopped buying materials immediately from Russia and have taken nothing from them. We pivoted very quickly to other sources around the world. And again, our customers are not going to miss a beat in delivery and/or quality. And so, Doug, maybe just touch on the DRI side and how you see that moving forward?

Yes, thanks, Leon. Both of our DRI facilities are performing well with extremely high reliability rates. We did experience a slight decrease in production during the first part of the quarter, but we are now increasing output and expect to operate near full capacity for the remainder of the year.

Doug, why don't you touch on the flexibility internally of the demand, where we can shift some products?

Yes, a number of things I'll touch on. So historically, we run about 10% pig iron in our mix, as Leon mentioned in the opening comments. We've adjusted that. Today, we're running about 6% of our mix is pig iron. We also, historically, in our sheet business, run about 25% prime scrap. So the DRI, you can see gives us a very different mix in our profile going into our sheet mills in there. As Leon mentioned, the team has done an outstanding job of really just turning things around literally overnight. And that doesn't happen overnight. That happens from years of investment in training and developing of the team and understanding the market and being able to read the signs and react quickly.

We'll take our next question from Carlos De Alba with Morgan Stanley.

Could you provide a follow-up on the metallic mix? Currently, you're operating with about 7% pig iron and 25% prime scrap. How do you view the role of shredded scrap in that mix? Additionally, what can you share regarding the cost pressures, specifically related to labor, energy, and natural gas? What should we anticipate moving forward?

Sure, I'll start with the latter part of your question. In terms of our raw material, we have a highly adaptable supply base that allows us to shift between prime and low copper materials. We're implementing various internal strategies and exploring external technologies that help us improve our sustainability efforts and incorporate CO2 products into our operations. We're also working to optimize how we utilize direct reduced iron (DRI) across the Nucor fleet. I believe the second part of your question was...

Yes, Carlos, this is Steve. You're inquiring about cost and inflation pressure. At Nucor, metallic materials account for about 70% of our costs, which closely correlates with steel demand. Therefore, we don’t see significant sensitivity to inflation indexes. For Nucor specifically, other major cost components differ due to our efficient and highly variable cost model. Energy is a substantial part of our remaining costs, predominantly derived from electricity, which varies by state due to tariff rate programs. We don't have direct exposure there. On natural gas, Nucor is in a strong position as we utilize a hedge program and have the capability to produce gas. Currently, we have hedged about 50% of our anticipated needs for 2022 and around 40% for 2023 and 2024, with prices well below current market rates due to our established hedging strategy. While we are not completely shielded from inflationary pressures, especially in freight and other areas, we are well-equipped to navigate these changes.

Thanks, Steve. Doug, anything you'd add on the raw materials?

Yes, Carlos, just one more comment on the shred. I don't have a specific number for that because all those numbers change really daily, weekly to give us the optimum cost in it. But what we have worked on, and we've worked on for a number of years, is low copper shred. We've always had a presence in producing low copper shred. But depending on the economics, there's times where it makes more sense than not. And right now, in this market, with the spread between the obsolete grades and the prime grades, it makes a lot more sense. And we're putting a lot more, not only short-term, but long-term development into the low copper shreds, which will again increase our flexibility.

Understood. I have another question. What insights do you have from your automotive customers? We continue to hear that the sector remains challenging. They are decreasing some production rates. When, based on your conversations, do you anticipate a potential increase in order rates?

That’s a valid question. I’d like to emphasize that we have been in this business for many years and have established strong long-term relationships with our customers. We understand their needs on a personal level. Our investment strategy focuses on enhancing capability rather than just expanding capacity. To specifically address your question, Carlos, as Steve noted, we are not immune to the effects of inflation and rising interest rates. Our team observes the impact of these factors daily as we drive to gas stations across the U.S. However, the demand in nonresidential construction and the digital sector, particularly digital warehousing, has been exceptional. It would be an understatement to describe it as resilient. Jobs in these areas are being addressed continuously, and we have record backlogs as we are being cautious about how far out we take orders. One sector that has been slow to rebound is automotive, which represents a small portion of Nucor’s overall business at around 5 to 6 percent, translating to about 1.5 to 1.6 million tons annually. We anticipate doubling that volume in the coming years. The energy sector, on the other hand, is experiencing a slower recovery post-pandemic, although there are some signs of improvement with rising rig counts. This sector still presents opportunities. Overall, the demand in the markets we serve remains exceptionally strong.

We'll take our next question from Timna Tanners with Wolfe Research.

So the past couple of months have seen unprecedented volatility. I'm just trying to unpack the way it's impacted Nucor because it's hard for me to contemplate like prices for hot-rolled fell dramatically, then doubled and cost of scrap have gone up unprecedented amounts. And so I'm just trying to think about, if you have a lag in terms of the contract pricing, are you not seeing some of those lower prices for Q1 and to your Q2 numbers? Can you remind us about the mix of that? And can you talk to us a little bit how to think about the scraps sequentially into the second quarter?

Yes. Maybe I'll jump in first, and then Rex on the sheet side, and Doug, if there's anything you want to add on the raw materials side. But Timna, typically, we're in that 75% contract rate on our sheet group. So that's the highest contract rate we have in any of our product groups. The sheet demand has been, again, through '21, was unlike anything I've seen in my 25 years. To your point, as we entered 2022, we did see some softening. So softening on pricing, which really drove some of the late Q3, early Q4 import buys that you saw, and then we're seeing now really come into the U.S. market where the delta between hot-rolled coil in the U.S. and the rest of the world was way too high. Again, that recovered or more equalized in the early part of '22. And again, as we maintain our market perspective and how we wanted to serve this market, as Rex and both Allen have played their share, we didn't go out and chase the spot tons. We didn't want to just simply look to bring tons in if our profitability was going to be impacted. And we just made some other decisions as we looked at the quarter, A, not thinking about market share, but also to look at how do we balance that approach moving forward. So to answer your question, as we've looked through that, Q2 is going to increase profitability. And why we stated already we believe that's going to be a record is largely because of the recovery and how quickly the sheet pricing is going to move through into the order book of Nucor or the bottom line of Nucor. And that's going to happen, again, in weeks instead of months. And again, over the years and in conversations with you, there's been times that lag has been way too long. And again, you're going to see a very quick recovery. The other thing you look at, in Q1 is our breakdown of EBITDA per ton. Our EBITDA per ton, we maximize that value. And I think that's going to reflect very strongly against our competition, and again, flows through to our bottom line for our shareholders. Rex, anything you'd add on the sheet side?

Timna, I understand your question. If there had been a prolonged and gradual decline, the recovery might have taken longer. However, due to the rapid decrease and subsequent rebound, we expect most of that to happen quickly, as Leon mentioned, within weeks rather than months. Additionally, most of our contracts are structured around monthly terms rather than longer durations, with only a few being quarterly. Therefore, the quick decline and recovery will advance swiftly. Also, as Leon pointed out, we did not place orders when spot prices were falling, but now that the market is improving, we have the chance to secure spot tons at higher prices than just weeks ago. This will significantly support and accelerate the price increase. I get your perspective, but we believe our management approach will mitigate the situation.

Timna, this is Doug. One other thing that is a little bit different is how we're leveraging our vertical integration, and we have a much tighter tie from commercial operations and raw materials. And the reaction time to prices moving against scrap is much, much quicker than we've seen in other swings. So building on what Rex has said and stuff, we expect that lag to be shorter with this one.

And last point, Timna, is as we've seen throughout the years and decades when scrap prices are really high, so are steel prices. And again, that's what you're seeing today, and that's reflecting in the bottom line.

I have a follow-up question to clarify Emily's inquiry. You mentioned the commercial strategy, but prices were weak in the first quarter while demand was strong, based on what I've heard from you. My volumes fell 20% year-over-year in sheet, and they're only up about 0.4%, despite strong construction and bar products. I’m trying to understand if the price decline is due to Nucor withholding tons or if it’s more related to demand. Additionally, how do you plan to ramp up Gallatin in a seasonally weaker demand environment in the second half? I'm just trying to piece that together, if you don’t mind.

Yes, demand definitely decreased in the first quarter as we experienced a slowdown in the sheet market. It was not the same situation as in the third or fourth quarters of 2021. Pricing was decreasing, and there was uncertainty in the market about the duration and intensity of this trend. This presented a great opportunity for Nucor to take advantage of the maintenance outages we had postponed in many of our sheet mills and catch up. We were intentional about not pursuing excess production. Additionally, in terms of distribution, that supply chain was full, and distributors did not enter the market as aggressively as we typically observe in early January or February, as they were trying to gauge the market's long-term direction into the second half of Q1 and into Q2. However, that shift happened quickly, and those volumes are now returning. Therefore, I expect, and I can say with confidence, that we will see a significant increase in utilization rates across both our sheet and plate divisions.

We'll take our next question from Seth Rosenfeld with BNP Paribas.

If I can ask a follow-up with regard to outlook for Gallatin, please. I believe in your prepared remarks, you targeted, I think, 0.5 million tons of shipments in '22 versus prior guidance last quarter of 800,000 tons. Can you give us a bit of color on what has led to this reduction in guidance and then a subsequent ramp-up schedule looking to the later quarters? Probably, if you can give us a bit of color also on Brandenburg and with that ramp in schedule for late '22 and into 2023, what sorts of volumes were you anticipating there?

Yes. Great questions. I'm going to turn it to Rex Query and Al Behr to give you a more detailed update on Gallatin and Brandenburg.

All right. Seth, this is Rex Query with the sheet group. Regarding Gallatin, we had an extended outage from December into January. We faced some unique challenges during the demolition, which unfortunately delayed the equipment installation by a few months. Our team handled the situation well and safely, and I am proud of their efforts. As Leon mentioned in the opening, in about 6 to 7 weeks, we will have all the equipment fully commissioned and operational. Depending on market conditions, we expect to be running at nameplate capacity during the third quarter, which will add an additional 500,000 tons, mostly in the second half of the year.

Seth, this is Allen. On Brandenburg, our team there in Brandenburg continues to do an outstanding job of executing on that project. They've come through COVID, they've come through supply chain issues, and they remain on track for the start-up at the end of the year, and in late Q4 of 2022. In terms of meaningful production tons, I'd expect those in Q1 of '23. I don't have a number to share with you other than to say, that's largely market-dependent. So typically, in the first year of start-up, we aim for a run rate by the end of the year of 3/4 of capacity. But how that looks through the year is determined on where the market sits at that point and how we can respond to it.

And if I have a separate question, please, with regards to steel products. In your prepared remarks, you touched on strength in the construction market. We heard from one of your peers earlier today discussing the really excellent margins you're seeing going into Q2 and then beyond that later quarters of this year. Can you give us a quick update on the strength of that backlog, both in volume and in pricing terms, and how you'd expect margins to develop, not just for Q2, but if you can, later quarters of the year, please?

Yes. Certainly, Seth. I'll ask Chad Utermark to comment on that. Just as a backdrop, the performance of our products groups has been spectacular. And again, I couldn't be more proud of how they responded again in what they've done and how they've achieved. And we expect continued great things and improving things as they head throughout the year. But Chad, do you want to provide a little more detail on the products?

Yes, thanks, Leon. Seth, this is Chad. As mentioned, we continue to see very strong, seasonally adjusted quoting activity in the first quarter. As we move into the second quarter, our overall backlogs remain robust, and I'm pleased to report improving margins. Our customers are very optimistic about demand in 2022. I want to highlight our new core portfolio of downstream businesses which gives us excellent visibility in that area, including our rebar fabrication, steel piling, pre-engineered metal buildings, racking, steel tubing, insulated metal panels, joist and deck, and steel conduit. Overall, we are very excited about the demand outlook as we enter 2022. I've noted this before, but I remain impressed by the strength of the digitized and green economies, which are generating significant demand for distribution centers, warehouses, server storage facilities, and electric vehicle-related facilities. We are also observing growth in manufacturing with new plants being constructed across the country. So yes, we are excited.

Yes. Seth, this is Steve. I just want to add on to Chad's comments here. Our product segment, our downstream steel products group is a meaningful part of our portfolio. And I think that's one of the real differentiators for Nucor versus many people in our space. We offer a wide array of end market solutions. And just in the last quarter, that group contributed just over $760 million in EBITDA, to give you a sense of scale on that. And we project that the second quarter will be even stronger. So that's a real lever and a positive attribute of our portfolio that some folks don't have.

We'll take our last caller from Curt Woodworth with Credit Suisse.

I wanted to follow up on the Steel Products segment. I know you have made several acquisitions in that area. Considering the backlog and the long-term earnings potential, do you think the run rate for the first quarter is reasonable? Regarding the second quarter, I notice your guidance indicates earnings will rise despite some potential spread compression in the long product side of the portfolio, suggesting that EBITDA might increase significantly in the Steel Products business. Could you provide more details on that? That's my first question.

Thank you, Curt. We are not providing a specific target EBITDA for that group at this time. We typically offer quantitative guidance much later in the quarter. However, we want to emphasize that market demand is strong across all areas and our backlogs remain robust. You've likely heard that from us earlier today. Additionally, these businesses have a strong capacity to generate increased cash flow benefits for the company when market conditions are favorable. One important aspect to consider is the highly variable nature of the costs associated with these products, as well as the distinct characteristics of these groups.

I would just add that typically, due to seasonality, the run rates will increase as we move into the second and third quarters. Construction projects are in full swing, and the backlog remains strong. We have many different businesses, so I'm careful when making general statements. Overall, I would expect to see an increase in the run rates in most of our businesses.

And Curt, you mentioned longs. I'll just provide a very quick comment on longs. If you think about the 10-year history, like our beam mill, for example, probably averaged 70% utilization over the last decade. As we entered in 2021, that increased over 90%. And so that beam mill and that market leadership position we have in structurals creates an incredible earning power. And again, that demand and those drivers remain very strong, both in beams and rebar and most of our longs businesses that are generating incredible returns for our company.

Okay. And then with respect to M&A, would you expect to continue to deploy more capital into the Steel Products segment? And then are you evaluating any potential increased investments, let's say, further DRI or other sorts of ways to get more captive pig iron prime scrap?

Look, as we continue to, again, set the first quarter record, as we set record earnings in 2021 at over $6 billion of earnings, we're continually looking for ways to deploy that capital. As Steve laid out earlier in his comments about our capital allocation framework and philosophy, it is, first, to reinvest in growth, and we're going to do that in a multitude of ways. Our mission statement is 8 words: it's grow the core, expand beyond and live our culture. The core being those core assets. So yes, you're going to see us continue to do things like the micro mill, like the West Virginia plant, like the expansion at Crawfordsville. Then on the expand beyond piece, like the Cornerstone acquisition of the insulated metal panel building or Hannibal Industries and bringing on the racking, those things will continue to be great opportunities for Nucor to continue to diversify and grow our portfolio. And then there's a whole bunch of irons in the fire, Curt, that I can't talk about, that we're going to continue to look and bring and maximize shareholder value that we're really excited about.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's question-and-answer session. At this time, I'd like to turn the conference back to Leon Topalian for any additional or closing remarks.

Thank you. As we conclude the call today, I just want to thank our team for your continued focus and delivering on our most important value, the safety, health and well-being of all 30,000 men and women who make up the Nucor family. To our customers, thank you. Thank you for the trust that you place in the Nucor team with every order. Our investment strategy is to build the capabilities to serve you today and well into the future. And finally, to our shareholders, thank you for the trust that you place in us with your valuable shareholder capital. We look to steward that well, maximizing your returns. Thank you for your interest in Nucor, and have a great day.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference. We appreciate your participation. You may now disconnect.