Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Q2 2024 Live Oak Bancshares Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all lines are in a listen-only mode. Following the presentation, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. This call is being recorded on Thursday, July 25, 2024. I would now like to turn the conference over to Greg Seward, General Counsel and Chief Risk Officer. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to Live Oak's second quarter 2024 earnings conference call. We are webcasting live over the Internet, and this call is being recorded. To access the call over the Internet and review the presentation materials that we will reference on the call, please visit our website at investor.liveoakbank.com and go to the Events and Presentations tab for supporting materials. Our second quarter earnings release is also available on our website. Before we get started, I'd like to caution you that we may make forward-looking statements during today's call that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations are detailed in the materials accompanying this call and in our SEC filings. We do not undertake to update the forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that may arise after the date of today's call. Information about any non-GAAP financial measures referenced, including reconciliation of those measures to GAAP measures, can also be found in our SEC filings and in the presentation materials. I will now turn the call over to Chip Mahan, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.

Good morning, everyone, and we're excited to tell you about our second quarter performance. Firstly, to use a baseball analogy, I'm instituting a line of change. Appropriately, BJ Losch, our President, will be our lead-off batter today; Walt Phifer, our CFO, will be on deck; and even more appropriately, I will be in the hole to wrap things up before the Q&A. BJ?

Thanks, Chip. Good morning, everybody. Let's start on Slides 4 and 5 together. Second quarter results, as I hope you've been able to take a look at, are reflective of significant efforts by everyone across the company here at Live Oak to grow our business profitably and, very importantly, control what we can control. And it showed up this quarter certainly in strong EPS and PPNR on both a reported and adjusted basis, in healthy loan and deposit growth, higher production and activity, and continued credit quality. That's what we'll demonstrate over the next several minutes. Momentum is building across numerous parts of the company. On the lending front, our teams delivered exceptional production and balance sheet growth results and healthy spreads in the quarter. And yet, approvals are up 30% from this time last year and pipelines are still near all-time highs, both of which bode well for continued growth. As you can see on Slide 6, our focus on the basics, growing revenues faster than expenses, while still investing in good costs such as new lenders, verticals, products, and technology, has resulted in exponential PPNR growth, up 33% on revenue growth of 11% on an adjusted basis since Q2 of last year. Our credit quality continues to be a hallmark. The result, as you can see on Slide 7, is very healthy reserve levels, low levels of charge-offs, and significant reserve building, well in excess of charge-offs. Importantly, with our disciplined credit box, a deep understanding of the government-guaranteed lending process, and an unmatched in-depth servicing and watch list process, results in an ability to get ahead of borrower stress. And as we've discussed previously, we are proactive with provisioning for growth, for changes in portfolio performance, and for impairments of specific loans when warranted. So we are well reserved if charge-offs occur. Turning to Slide 8. While I'm certainly pleased with this quarter's results, as a growth company, I'm much more excited about where we're headed. Checking balances, which were immaterial six months ago, crested $125 million in the quarter and continue to build. Our new small dollar SBA lending effort is ramping up quickly and will be a meaningful contributor to our results over time. Our brand and reputation continues to attract and retain the highest quality talent. And we continue to heavily invest in the future through innovative technology and partnerships. The flywheel is definitely turning at Live Oak and our ongoing opportunities to serve more of America's small businesses are vast. So with a big thank you to all Live Oakers and our customers for a strong quarter, I'll turn it over to Walt for some more highlights.

Thank you, BJ. Good morning, everyone. As BJ just provided a high-level overview of the quarter, I'll spend the next few pages focusing on additional context on trends related to our balance sheet growth, key revenue and expense components, and credit. Slide 11 highlights our loan originations by vertical and business unit. As BJ mentioned, we had a strong quarter of loan originations in Q2 with approximately $1.2 billion of loans closed. This is 45% higher than Q1 and is our second largest quarter in bank history. Two items to note on this page. The first is on the bubble chart on the left. Approximately 60% of our verticals have had a year-to-date loan origination volume at or above prior year levels. The second is the strong performance by our Small Business Banking specialty business units in Q2 2024 compared to Q2 2023. You can see this on the bottom right-hand side of the page as the Q2 2024 originations for Small Business Banking and Specialty are up 30% and 88% year-over-year respectively. Our Energy & Infrastructure business unit has had a slow start in the first half of 2024 due to delays in loan closing timelines, yet that team has closed approximately $80 million of loans thus far in Q3, and the pipeline remains strong. Slide 12 illustrates the strength and consistency of our balance sheet growth over the past five quarters. While many banks across the industry are seeing minimal, if any, loan growth, our loan balances were up 3% linked quarter and 14% compared to the prior year, and this growth is net of our loan sales and participation activity. Deposit growth is fueled by our customer deposit platform, specifically our business deposits, which are up 8% linked quarter and 29% compared to the prior year. This is an outstanding story given how competitive the customer deposit market is today, with many banks across the industry struggling to grow or even maintain their deposit base, especially their non-interest-bearing deposits. Slide 13 gives a little more detail on our quarter-over-quarter loan growth by component. The key takeaway from this page is that prior to our typical sales and participation activity, our loan portfolio growth was 7%. That’s right, 7% linked quarter, as new fully funded originations and construction loans continue to drive balance growth. Slide 14 unpacks our net interest income, NIM, and yield trends. Our net interest income increased 1% linked quarter and is up 80% compared to Q2 2023. This is primarily driven by our loan growth. Our net interest margin compressed 5 basis points quarter-over-quarter due to a full quarter of interest expense related to a $100 million term loan added at the end of Q1 for growth capital of the bank. Absent this borrowing, our net interest margin would have been flat quarter-over-quarter. That’s a great outcome. Now, there are things we can’t control and things that we can control. Some things we can’t control are when the Fed will reduce rates and by how much, the competitiveness of the deposit market, or other macroeconomic or political impacts. Now these types of things will certainly have an impact on the slope of our NIM trajectory, yet we feel good about the things we can control, all of which will help our NIM performance going forward. As I just mentioned, our loan growth momentum and pipeline remains robust. Growth will be an essential component of our net interest income and NIM expansion. We continue to demonstrate good pricing discipline on new loan originations, averaging prime plus 60 basis points or 9.1% in Q2, thus remaining accretive to our loan portfolio yield, which currently averages 7.79%. Our increasing cost of funds since Q2 2023 has largely been driven by maturing CDs renewing into a higher-priced offering. You can see in the middle of the page the substantial headwinds this has generated in 2023 and 2024, as that portfolio is approximately 26% of our deposits. The fact that we have been able to maintain our margin over the last five quarters with this level of volume repricing at those significant increases is a great outcome. These headwinds have slowed in Q2 2024, and we expect our CD portfolio repricing to provide tailwinds over time once the Fed reduces rates. Quarter-over-quarter fee income is outlined on Slide 15. We sold $250 million in Q2 2024 for an average premium of 6%, largely in line with Q2 2023. Two important things to note on our Q2 sales volume. We sold our first batch of small loan SBA 7(a) loans, amounting to $9 million, for an average premium of 11%. We continue to be excited about the profitability opportunity on the small loan front. The other item to note is that given the improvement in the secondary market in general, we were also able to sell approximately $40 million of seasoned loans that were previously underwater, another great outcome for the quarter. Turning to expenses on Slide 16, our Q2 2024 expenses of $78 million were flat linked quarter and increased 3% compared to Q2 2023. Our teams have shown great expense discipline over the last year, even while adding 20 growth-oriented full-time employees in our lending verticals and five full-time employees in our treasury management department to support our business checking initiative, and continuing to invest in the technology side of the house. As we have been over the last five quarters, we remain focused on adding good costs where needed while continuing to identify expense efficiencies where possible so we can continue the positive PPNR trends that BJ just spoke about. Key credit trends are included on Slide 17. We continue to be pleased with the performance of our credit portfolio in what’s been a challenging environment. Our Q2 $12 million provision was primarily due to loan growth, what we refer to as a good provision. And our linked quarter credit trends are generally favorable with non-accruals and classified asset ratios trending downwards. As you can see in the top left graph, our over 30-day past dues were up linked quarter. This was largely a result of two loans with a total of $15 million in unguaranteed balances. We are currently unconcerned about further deterioration of those loans at this time. Given our highly attractive portfolio characteristics and our significant credit monitoring activity, as outlined in our last call, we remain confident in our reserve and the portfolio’s credit strengths. Lastly, Slide 18 highlights our capital strength, which remains positioned well to help support our growth going forward. Overall, as BJ said, it was a fantastic quarter. We were very pleased with the outcome, and we are looking forward to the continued momentum. I will now turn it over to Chip to add his final comments before Q&A.

Thanks, Walt. Thanks, BJ. How do you hold us accountable, right? And I’ve been thinking about that and reflecting on the last several years. And as I look back, yes, PPP, interesting. We generated $80 million for fee income. Yes, we invested $13 million in Finxact and got back $135 million. And we sold the business to Fiserv. Yes, we invested about $3 million or $4 million in Payrailz and got back about $35 million. And then we invested that money. We were a bit behind. Renato today has 130 folks. We needed to beef up cyber; we needed to beef up data. He is constantly extending our moat, referencing the express product, with more to come there. So where does that actually leave us and how do you – how should you hold us accountable? Bank accountants create, in my judgment, a lot of mumbo jumbo. For instance, a typical list of adjustments to revenues, EPPP-related impacts, servicing asset revaluations, loans accounted for under fair value option impacts, any one-time gains from the sale of fixed assets. Like this quarter, we sold an airplane and had a gain of $6 million or $7 million. Any gains from investment portfolio sales, fintech investment activities, valuations, and realized gains and losses from sales, and non-cash gains and losses from investments in venture funds. Now let’s move to the expense side. Non-routine employee bonuses related to fintech gains, impairments or losses from the sales of long-term fixed assets, renewable energy tax credit impairments, and wrapping up with litigation settlement expenses. You need to take all that noise out to see how this business is doing. So I thought it would be interesting to go back 12 months. So from 6/30/2023 to 6/30/2024, what were the operating earnings of this business with all that noise out? $174 million. What was it the previous 12 months? From 6/30/2022 to 6/30/2023, $137 million. I don’t know any other bank that increases operating earnings 27% year-over-year. And to me, and lastly, the most exciting thing, BJ alluded to the wonderful origination quarter that we had, which matched our previous high, which was Q4 of 2022. We left Q4 of 2022 with a pipeline of $2.4 billion. Today it’s $3.6 billion. So those good costs and those revenue producers that have finally learned the Live Oak way are out there generating high-quality loans. And with that, we will be happy to entertain questions.

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now begin the question-and-answer session. Your first question comes from David Feaster with Raymond James. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning, everybody.

Hey, David.

Good morning, David.

Maybe just following up on kind of Chip, your last commentary, just talking about the origination strength. Could you talk about how much of the strength that you’re seeing is from maybe improving demand versus share gains, and just kind of the composition of the line and where you’re seeing the most opportunities today?

Yes. I’ll start, David. Good morning. It’s BJ. We’re seeing it across the board, which feels really, really good. The first quarter was a little bit lighter than what we would have wanted. Even though pipelines were significant and approvals were significant, we didn’t see the pull-through that we had wanted in the first quarter. Not only did that come through in the second, but as Chip talked about, as I mentioned, pipelines going forward, most importantly, are still healthy. So I think it’s a combination of a few things. One is certainly our lenders are excellent at what they do. They’re constantly talking to customers and their referral sources, and they want to win; they want to do more loans and do more business for our customers. Obviously, that is priority number one. I think number two, though, is with the Fed making more and more noise about rates kind of being at their peak for sure, and inevitably coming down sooner rather than later, I think we’re starting to see more optimism and more activity across our different verticals, such that buyers and sellers are more willing to come together and get deals done. So we’re really pleased about that. One more thing I’ll mention. I think Walt maybe hit on it a little bit. Our small business banking verticals and our specialty finance business have had a great quarter, and our energy and infrastructure business was down from last year. They had a lighter first quarter as well. But their pipeline is significant, and they closed almost $100 million in the first month and a half of this quarter. So the pipeline’s there – the pipeline’s growing. So when we get energy and infrastructure back where we know it can be, along with the great performance of our other two businesses, we’re feeling really good about the outlook.

That’s great. And maybe touching on the expense side, you guys have done a great job controlling expenses. Could you just touch on kind of what you guys are seeing? I know you’re continually investing, but are we just being a bit more discerning with growth projects? Or are we at the point where we can just scale up and leverage the existing infrastructure that you’ve already built? I’m just kind of curious, how does that play into the pace of expense growth as we go forward? Sounds like it should be slowing.

Yes, David, I’ll add some color and then Walt can jump in as well. You may recall over the last couple of years, we talked about different things. Chip alluded to it from the fintech gains that we had. We accelerated coming out of the pandemic, production growth, but needed to catch up on lender support growth, underwriters, closers, servicers, et cetera. We did that. We then accelerated our technology investments in 2022 and a little bit in the first half of 2023 to again try to accelerate where our growth would be. So we put a significant amount of expenses ahead of revenue over the last 24 months, I’d say. Here we’ve gotten to the point where we’ve got the expense infrastructure in place across our businesses that we need to grow. We’ve just got to put the revenue apparatus on it. And that’s exactly what you’re seeing. Our revenues are up 9% on an adjusted basis, as Chip showed over the last 12 months, on only 1% expense growth. About 90% of the incremental people that we’re adding right now are in revenue-producing spots in our organization, and we want that to continue. We have really good infrastructure and support to be able to scale this business now because of the hard work of people over the last 24 months. And so now we’re in a position to be able to provide much more operating leverage on that expense base than we had been previously.

David, I’ll just add on quickly to what BJ just mentioned. Now, we’ve been really fortunate that our company has embraced this challenge of how we think about expenses. And you can definitely grow your expenses, and we’ll inherently have growth in our expenses because we’re a growth organization and that’s what we’re about, for all the reasons BJ just mentioned. But there are other opportunities across the company where we can look to find efficiencies as well. So thus far in 2024, we found a really nice balance between the two, growing and investing. I wouldn’t say we’re slowing down on any technology or growth initiative whatsoever. I think if anything, it’s the opposite. We’re trying to progress as quickly as we can. But we continue to look for other ways across our lines, across our business units to find expense reductions when you can as well. And that’s just good healthy expense discipline that we’ve really demonstrated over the last 12 months.

That’s great. And then last one for me, just great to hear the commentary on deposit costs stabilizing. It sounds like we’re starting to see some opportunity to even the CD repricing is behind us. And you’re seeing a lot of success on the core deposit front from the business customers. I’m just kind of curious, would you expect the funding costs to start to decline, I guess, if you can continue to have this kind of success with the business clients? And we could maybe be set up for approaching a pretty material inflection point in the margin. And how quickly do you expect to be able to reprice those business clients in a potential down rate scenario?

Yes, I’ll start and then BJ could jump in. Great question, David. Look, I think ultimately we’re going to control what we can control, right? We have a really good problem right now, and that problem is we’re growing. I say problem with a smile because I think that’s not something many other banks are seeing. So we’re going to price accordingly, and we’re going to really see what the competitive market does here going forward. There are things like the Fed, like I mentioned, that we can’t control. We don’t know what they’re going to do. Well, ultimately, a $330 million margin with our level of growth over the last 12 months feels pretty good. And I think if we can maintain that going forward, we’ll be just fine.

Just one thing, David, on your first question to BJ. Sorry to back up. BJ does such a wonderful job operating this bank, and I get to spend probably two or three days a week at least on the road with customers. And certainly in our SBA business, in our 35 verticals, when Steve designs the credit box and tells the lending officers what the credit box is, it’s kind of banking 101. Am I approved? And when are you going to get me the money? So these lending officers know exactly what to say to these borrowers. On the other side in this sponsor business, yesterday in the Northeast, I had a chance to visit with a firm that has about $3 billion in assets under management, does business with a lot of banks. This guy that runs the firm said, you guys are different; we never have to worry about the loan committee. We never have to worry about going back and forth. Your guys give us an answer, and it’s always direct, and we get to move on with their customer and book the deal. So I think it’s like banking 101, David. Sorry.

Okay.

David, I’ll just add one more quick thing going back to the deposit dynamics. There’s something that Walt has on his deposit slide that I think is pretty important and insightful. About half of our loan portfolio is variable rate, but almost three-quarters of our deposit portfolio will reprice in less than a year. So when the Fed does start to reduce rates, there’ll probably be a little bit of treading water because our loan portfolio is coming down a little bit quicker than the deposit portfolio. But once we start to get past the first quarter or two, the majority of our deposit costs will be coming down more quickly, and we believe that we’ll start to see NIM expansion over time to levels that we expect we can generate from this business model.

Thanks, everybody.

Thank you. Next question comes from Tim Switzer at KBW. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning. Thank you for taking my questions. Can I ask a clarification real quick? Did you say 25% of your deposits reprice within a year or quarter?

So over the next 12 months, we'll have – it's roughly about 76%. So you have our liquid savings portfolio and then you have our CD portfolio that takes time just to migrate through the maturity schedule, and it's roughly about a quarter of that CD maturity. A quarter of that CD portfolio matures each quarter over the next 12 months, as you've seen over the last 12 months.

Well, I think, Tim, to add to in Walt's initial comments, you were talking about how over 25% of our entire deposit portfolio reprices because of CD maturities. Almost 200 basis points higher at the beginning, 150 basis points through the middle of last year, and we still held the margins flat and we grew our net interest income by 8% year-over-year. So I think we're just incredibly pleased with the pricing discipline that our lenders have had and the activity that they've generated to continue our loan growth and the discipline that our deposits team has had to manage that large repricing and still maintain our margins.

Okay, that's helpful. And could you guys talk about the secondary market demand in the SBA space? Is it – did the rate movement help at all? And do you think lower rates will help improve going forward? And then have you started to see some rising competition generally in SBA from other banks who are kind of trying to diversify their loan exposures?

Tim, this is Walt. I'll start with the secondary market. The rates helped or at least the outlook of what the fiscal you do has helped. Really, what we're starting to see there is the assumption that when the Fed cuts rates, prepayment rates, both voluntary and involuntary will slow, depending on why the Fed is cutting rates and if they do it in a disciplined fashion. So that has definitely helped, as well as our spreads continue to be competitive, especially on the small loans front, which could range anywhere from 5 plus 1.5 to 5 plus 4. So broadly speaking, expectations for the Fed have helped. The treasury curve coming down has helped. And then just continued high demand from investors for those SBA pools that they start taking downward rate protection and alternatives to cash. So I'll start with that one. And then, I'm sorry, the second question was...

Are you seeing any more competition from other banks in the SBA?

Yes. Thanks. So on the competition side, I think it's pretty much the same, right? I think every industry is very different, and every industry has their own competitive pressures. And so we actually get this question a lot about what banks are we seeing out in the market. And my answer always is what industry you're looking at. But really, no, I wouldn't say we've seen any migration or any more competition pretty much across the spectrum. It seems to be the same players.

Hey Tim, one more thing I'll mention on secondary markets. I'm particularly proud of this because it speaks to what our lenders are doing to balance production growth and doing the right thing for the customer and being disciplined on pricing. We generally don't like to sell any SBA guaranteed loans that are less than a 105 premium, by and large, because we think it makes more sense to hold those than it does to sell those at those levels. And over the last – over the previous four quarters, what we were generating in terms of production was anywhere between 30% to 50% of what we were producing of SBA guaranteed was going to yield a 105 or greater. This works for – it was 70%. So in addition to whatever the pricing dynamics are going on in the marketplace, our people are producing loans that give us the optionality to either keep or sell for very attractive profitability metrics. So I'm really pleased at how our lenders and how our business are really kind of turning over to Rubik's Cube to give us as much optionality as we can.

And BJ, I think in the small dollar in the express situation where we're not having to take many times all the way little collateral, and we can close these loans much more quickly, and we're seeing pricing in that area of 1.11 to 1.17. And that's going to help too because that's going to pick up dramatically for sure.

Okay, great. Appreciate all the color. Thank you.

Thanks, Tim.

Thank you. Next question comes from Alex Lau at JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning.

Good morning, Alex.

I had a follow-up on the expenses. So with expenses flat in the first half of the year when you compare year-over-year, have you changed your expectations for your full year expense growth outlook from the high single-digit to low double-digit range?

Hey Alex, this is Walt. Look, I think the – we continue to do what we can on that front, like I mentioned, balancing, finding expense efficiencies while you continue to invest in our growth organization, especially on the revenue generator side. I think our expenses will continue to inherently grow. And I think if you take the last couple of quarters and you run rate those for the full year, adding a growth expectation on top of that just given the focus on hiring new lenders and other support personnel to proactively aid our growth in terms of complexity, I think you'll get a pretty good expectation versus last year.

Yes. I would just add, Alex, that we're going to continue to look for new lenders, invest in technology, and build our business. So we're not really concerned quarter-to-quarter on how much expense we're going to add ahead of revenues or expense growth. But with that said, if I were betting that, I would be optimistic about us being better than what we have talked about on expenses for the year.

Thank you. And Walt, just to confirm your comment earlier on the net interest margin, are you expecting to maintain the NIM in the 3.30%s range for the rest of the year, or was there any change to the prior NIM outlook in the 3.50% to 3.75% range for year-end? Thanks.

Yes, no, I think the – if we focus on the things we can control, which outline our pricing discipline, our growth, and our pricing discipline on the deposit side too, I think that up into the right trajectory still applies. I think the slope of that trajectory will really depend on some of the things we can't control, right? That’s the competitiveness of the deposits and the Fed. So I think that 3.50%-plus range still remains our target, right? And I think we'll navigate our way back there. The timing of that really depends on those things we can't control.

It's probably not in 2024, Alex; it's probably into 2025. Just thinking about the forward curve, what our business model is generating is moving us up into the right, but probably getting into the 3.50%-plus ranges some time next year.

Got it. And is that also assuming rate cuts for the rest of the year?

Yes. To migrate into that level, we would expect one or two cuts this year and then going to three or four cuts going into next year, similar to what you see in the forward curve.

Thank you. And then just on the stronger loan production and pipeline, your all-time highs in the second quarter, do you expect loans on balance sheet growth for the year to be in that low double-digit range, or is there a potential upside to that given the strong pipeline?

Yes. I think that low double-digit range feels right early on. I think the upside there really just depends on Q3 and Q4. We think we have the pipeline and the production to really have a strong second half. So I think kind of that expectation still applies right now.

Got it. And just one follow-up on the comment on the tailwinds on the CD portfolio. How much of the CD book is repricing in the third quarter? And what are the rates of CDs rolling off and being replaced at? Thank you.

Yes, great question. So in Q3, Q3 is actually are the lightest of the four quarters in terms of CD maturities. So you'll roughly be somewhere between 15% to 20% of our customers' CD portfolio will reprice in Q3. Q4 is a large quarter as well as Q1. I think that the rate that it's rolling off on right now would be – our current offering is about 5%, rolling off 5.20% to 5.25%, so you see a slight pick-up there. Again, that all depends on our growth and our funding needs, especially short-term CDs which are one of the primary tactics that we use, given the Fed uncertainty going into the second half.

Great, thanks for taking my questions.

Thanks, Alex.

Thank you. We have no further questions. I will turn the call back over to Chip Mahan for closing comments.

Well, we enjoyed being with you this morning, and we look forward to seeing you in the fall. Thanks for attending.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes your conference for today. We thank you for participating. And we ask that you please disconnect your lines.