Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the Bloom Energy Third Quarter 2020 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants’ lines are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. Please be advised that today’s conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Mr. Mark Mesler, VP of Finance and Investor Relations. Thank you. Please go ahead, sir.

Thank you, operator. Good afternoon, everyone. We appreciate you joining us on Bloom Energy’s third quarter 2020 earnings conference call. To supplement this conference call, we have furnished our Q3 2020 shareholder letter and earnings release with the SEC and have posted it along with supplemental financial information that we will periodically reference throughout this call to our Investor Relations website. The matters we will be discussing today include forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future financial performance of the company. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that we discuss in detail in our documents filed with the SEC, specifically the most recent reports on Forms 10-K and 10-Q, which identify important risk factors, including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These include statements about the company's business results, financial position, liquidity, demand for our Energy server in new applications, timing of new applications, and the supporting market ecosystem and outlook. We assume no obligation to revise any forward-looking statements made on today's call. During this call and in our Q3 2020 shareholder letter, we refer to GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and are in addition to, and not a substitute for or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation between the GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures is included in our Q3 2020 shareholder letter, which has been furnished on Form 8-K and posted on the company’s investor relations website. Joining me on the call today are K. R. Sridhar, Principal Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer; and Greg Cameron, Bloom's Chief Financial Officer. K.R. and Greg will review the operating and financial highlights of the quarter, and then we will take questions. I would also like to note that we are all dialed into this call remotely, so we apologize in advance for any audio issues that may occur. I will now turn the call over to K.R.

Good day and thank you for joining us. Bloom Energy has made substantial progress in the third quarter as we continue to bring operational discipline and agility to drive our innovation and industry leadership. Reflecting upon third quarter results, I was reminded that we announced our fourth quarter and year-end 2019 earnings on March 16, the first day of the Bay Area's shelter-in-place order. It was impossible to know at that time how the unfolding situation would affect our business and our life. Since March, we have made great progress across the key pillars that are fundamental to our long-term future. We have significantly enhanced our balance sheet and liquidity, added proven leaders to our executive team, and pursued a number of additional initiatives that we believe will drive more predictability into our business over time. Importantly, we continue to innovate, making meaningful announcements on our core platform, as well as the role we intend to play in hydrogen, which is something that is personally very important to me. Even in times of great turmoil, we remain true to our culture and core values in serving our community, whether it was redeploying manufacturing resources to address an immediate need for ventilators or our rapid response to power up pop-up field hospitals in response to COVID or in hurricane devastated areas. I am confident we met the need of serving our community. I want to thank our resilient and motivated employees, including our exceptional leadership team for their outstanding collaboration to grow our business and drive innovation. I’m exceptionally proud of how team Bloom responded to the challenge. In a nutshell, Bloom Energy is stronger today than it was in March. We are performing well, and our outlook is brighter. This year, we have embarked on numerous initiatives to enter large new markets. Now, let me share with you some of the highlights of this period. First, our financial health is greatly enhanced. We have reduced debt, extended maturities, reduced our interest expense, and added cash to our balance sheet. Greg, who led the successful effort, will provide more details shortly. The reduced debt service is allowing us to prudently invest in Bloom’s expansion. We are accelerating our research and development and investing in top-line growth and manufacturing capacity. Second, increasingly, markets are valuing the core attributes of our technology platform. Power disruptions have grown more frequent and prolonged as hurricanes, storms, and wildfires have ravaged many parts of the country. Businesses are increasingly seeking resilient, cost-effective, always-on power solutions. Manufacturing, warehousing, healthcare, and retail businesses recognize that now is the time to take action to improve energy security. The 103 always-on microgrids that we have deployed have allowed our customers to ride through 139 power disruptions during Q3. Busier natural disasters are also providing clear evidence of the acceleration of climate change. Companies, in addition to wanting to protect their businesses, also want to be responsible stewards of the environment and are increasingly seeking more sustainable solutions like Bloom Energy's biogas and forthcoming hydrogen products. In the third quarter, we have strengthened relationships with our public utility partners, who are increasingly encouraging and embracing technology transformation in the energy industry. In Louisiana, we are partnering with Entergy to support mission-critical energy in the face of severe weather. Together with Entergy, we see opportunities to be facilitators in a new energy landscape, creating local microgrids, investing in a decentralized future, and providing the tools and services to achieve decarbonization. Third, we are advancing our technology roadmap, which will accelerate our growth by capitalizing on emerging market opportunities. Our growth initiatives include developing a hydrogen fuel cell and hydrogen electrolyzer, sustainably powering the maritime industry, implementing cost-effective carbon capture solutions, and enabling widespread adoption of biogas-based power generation. We are excited to share our progress in greater detail during our forthcoming Investor Day in December. Fourth, our innovation extends beyond our products and into our installation group. In the area of deploying our systems, we are continuously improving upon the ease and predictability of our installation process as part of our broader effort to simplify our business. This was necessary given the exogenous impediments that our installation team encounters in a world dealing with climate change. An example is Bloom Energy's new skid product. Recently, we shipped our first system pre-assembled for rapid installation on a skid ready to deploy out of our factory in Delaware. A skid essentially creates a pre-packaged environment where a lot of the wiring and construction is eliminated, allowing us to drop in the system and be ready to hook it up, eliminating the need for pouring concrete and elongating the construction process. We have included a picture of the Bloom Energy skid in our presentation. By transferring a significant portion of integration work and time from less predictable field conditions to the controlled factory environment, we reduce costs and time overruns. It is our expectation that a dedicated Bloom manufacturing team that is well trained in the final assembly process will deliver a more integrated product to the field and make it easier for field contractors to install. The ease of installing a skid in a customer location will enable Bloom to offer simple standardized procedures to outsourced installation partners, thereby enabling Bloom to scale up its operations, both geographically and in volume. It will also enable us to power customers on a short-term or emergency basis. Fifth, our product performance is unparalleled in the industry. Our 8.35 megawatt power tower installation in Korea is a week away from its two-year anniversary. Here are the highlights: Not one of the 167 power modules has required a field replacement unit. The capacity factor of our system, in other words, the amount of megawatt hours delivered as a fraction of the nameplate, is 98.7%. According to the Department of Energy's EIA, combined cycle gas turbines have a capacity factor of about 50%, wind turbines have a capacity factor of around 30%, and solar panels have only 20%. Other than a 16-hour period when our system had to stand down for a customer-initiated maintenance project unrelated to our servers, our installation provided power 24/7, 365 at 100% availability. Let me repeat, 100% availability, compares us to traditional base load power plants that have availability between 70% and 90%, and solar which has less than 20% availability. The lifetime efficiency of this installation is 57.4%. The capacity factor and performance efficiency far exceed our contractual commitments. In summary, the Bloom Energy servers that we continuously improved over the years are now showing a performance level and reliability that have never been demonstrated by any fuel cell. Sixth, I am delighted by the level of talent we’ve been able to attract to the company, especially in senior leadership positions. Since the March call, we have hired Greg Cameron as our CFO; Sharelynn Moore as our CMO; and Carl Guardino as our EVP of Government Affairs and Policy. Shortly, we will announce a new EVP of International Business Development. This person is exceptionally qualified and will be responsible for pursuing regional relationships similar to our win-win partnership with SK in South Korea. By leveraging trusted partners to grow its market footprint, Bloom can focus on what it does best—innovating and delivering best-in-class products and services to its customers. We are very pleased with the progress we have made in 2020. This has certainly been a year that has tested management teams and their ability to lead. In our case, we have overcome formidable challenges and forged ahead stronger. We are executing at a high level and are coming out in a better position than the company has ever been. We are excited about our future and believe there has never been a better time for Bloom Energy. With that, I will turn it over to Greg.

Thanks, K.R. As you said, we accomplished a great deal in the third quarter. Our management and operating teams are demonstrating our ability to execute in a complicated business environment. As we discussed in prior calls, when I joined the company, my near-term focus was to simplify our business, improve our liquidity, and address our debt. During the third quarter, we successfully raised $230 million in new financing through a convertible green bond offering at an attractive rate and term. We completed the conversion of the 10% convertible promissory notes due in 2021, retiring the entire June 30 balance of $249 million. The majority of these converted shares have now been traded by the former debt holders and are part of our public float. Additionally, we have called the outstanding balance of $79 million of the 10% senior secured notes due 2024 and will pay off the entire balance on November 9. In our supplemental financial information slide deck that Mark referenced, we've included a pro forma capital structure that details our post-retirement outstanding debt, cash balances, and leverage. A few highlights: Since the end of the first quarter, we have reduced our recourse outstanding debt by $143 million, eliminated any debt maturities prior to 2025, improved our available cash over $60 million, and reduced our annualized debt service by $44 million. Today, our recourse debt less unrestricted cash or net debt is only $57.7 million. These actions, which have improved our balance sheet, provide Bloom with the additional capital and the flexibility to pursue our technology roadmap and further advance our manufacturing capacity. With an improved capital structure, we are clearly well-positioned for growth. But I want to be clear that we will continue to be disciplined around those investments to ensure that the applications we develop have market demand, meaningful scale, and real opportunities for attractive returns on our invested capital. Now, let's turn to the third quarter financial performance. For your reference in the supplemental financial information slides, we've also provided a summary of key financials along with a summary P&L and balance sheet. I want to highlight some of the key financial metrics and provide some additional context around our results. A couple of items of note in our comparisons: Similar to last quarter in 2019, we benefited from a large repowering that did not repeat this year, making comparisons versus the prior year less relevant. Also, this quarter's results include a release of $14.2 million in previously deferred revenue relating to sales completed in 2014 and 2015. This is an unusual item related to prior year sales. So for transparency, and to provide a benchmark for future operating performance, we reference some metrics excluding this item. On 314 acceptances, revenue for the third quarter was $200.3 million, up 6.6% from the prior quarter as reported and roughly flat when adjusting for the revenue deferral. We experienced some delays in installations that impacted revenue timing, mostly related to storm activity in the northeast, where utilities rightly prioritized re-establishing power service. These sites are being recognized in the fourth quarter, with 41 systems being accepted in the first two weeks of October. Reported non-GAAP gross margin is 29.7%. When adjusted for the revenue deferral release, the business achieved 24.5%, up significantly from the first half. Our products and install unit economic profit, excluding the revenue deferral release, was very strong this quarter at $1,621 per kilowatt, up $679 per kilowatt from the prior quarter, driven primarily by lower product costs and a more profitable mix of acceptances. Our profit margin remains strong at 40%. On installations, we continue to look to simplify through partners and adapt our approach, like in the skid design, K.R. highlighted. We are committed to reducing operational complexity and improving the profitability in this component of our business. Our service business recorded a $6.6 million loss on a non-GAAP basis in the third quarter, as we made additional investments into our installed base to accelerate an increase in fleet output. Our focus is to make this business profitable by achieving our targeted output, increasing our fuel cell life, and reducing costs. Through improved performance and fleet management, we have reduced the number of replacement units required to support an installation by 45% since 2015. During the same time period, we reduced our replacement cost per unit by 59%. These improvements will continue to expand the time between service events and reduce the cost per event, ultimately resulting in improved financial results. We expect a profitable service business by 2022 with expanding margins in revenue growth in line with the installed base into the future. Reported non-GAAP operating income was $15.4 million, and adjusted EBITDA was $27.7 million. When adjusted for the revenue deferral, non-GAAP operating income was $1.2 million, and adjusted EBITDA was $13.5 million. Last quarter, we were extremely pleased with a positive adjusted EBITDA. In this quarter, we're even more pleased to have a positive non-GAAP operating income. These metrics highlight our progress on the journey to profitability. We ended the quarter with $504 million in consolidated cash. Our cash balance, excluding restricted cash, is $325 million, an increase of $181 million from the prior quarter, reflecting the new convertible debt raise, partially offset by debt service and working capital usage. This balance will decrease by $82 million in November when we pay off the 10% Senior Secured Notes due 2024. I mentioned the continued reductions for product costs, down 19% over the last year through enhancements to our manufacturing processes and our supply chain management. Based upon the commercial pipeline, we need additional capacity in the near term to meet demand, and we began to secure the long lead items such as equipment and facilities. The relative investment is manageable in both size and payback. We expect to invest $50 million to $75 million over the next two to three years to double our manufacturing capacity. While this may put some short-term pressure on cost absorption, we believe this investment to be critical to facilitate the rollout of Bloom 7.5 and our technology roadmap. We expect to fund these investments within our current capital structure framework utilizing equipment and real estate financing where appropriate. As expected, we plan to install our first Bloom 7.5 server on the customer site in the fourth quarter. During 2021, we will operationalize production as we build our manufacturing capacity. Our production will shift from primarily Bloom 5.0 to Bloom 7.5 in 2022. As we shift, we expect to continue on the path of aggressive cost reduction. In 2020, we suspended forward estimates based upon the potential risk from COVID. Like most other businesses, the pandemic continues to challenge our supply chain manufacturing capability, and in our case, the completion of installations. In the United States, we've seen an increase in climate-driven weather events, with fires on the west coast, storms in the northeast, and increased hurricanes in the southeast. While these events further support the resiliency benefits of our product and, coupled with the stress of the pandemic, they have caused understandable delays in our installations. We are adapting to this reality and structuring our operations to manage these risks. We believe we have an opportunity to simplify the partner relationships we are building. It is worth reiterating that despite the macro environment, no customer has canceled a contract. Additionally, we continue to have a strong pipeline and are making progress with several partners to secure customer product financing in 2021. This demonstrates the importance of our products and the quality of our backlog. We are seeing a comparable cadence in our revenue and profitability as in 2019 with the second half being stronger than the first. For the fourth quarter, we expect revenue to be slightly better than in the fourth quarter of last year, coupled with the strong operating margins and income performance we reported in the third quarter of this year. In closing, I'd like to share a few additional updates. When I became CFO, I committed to provide greater transparency in Bloom Energy. Earlier this month, we held a session on our marine solution and discussed that in the future, we will have similar events on other initiatives. Next month, on November 18, we will hold an event to discuss our hydrogen plants. We've made progress on the hydrogen energy server, with the first one being shipped this quarter, as well as advancement on our electrolyzer. During the hydrogen discussion, we will share our technical roadmap, commercialization plans, and demonstrate the advantages of our solid oxide technology. You can expect similar presentations on technologies such as carbon capture and biogas in the coming months. In addition, please plan to attend our very first Investor Day presentation in December, where we will discuss our technology roadmap, commercialization strategy, product cost approach, and financial framework for 2021 and beyond. We will share the details and logistics for that over the coming weeks. I look forward to discussing our plans and hope to gather feedback in advance to ensure we address your questions. With that, operator, you can open up the line with questions.

Your first question comes from the line of Stephen Byrd with Morgan Stanley.

Good afternoon, and thanks for taking my questions.

Hi Stephen.

Wanted to just talk about the fourth quarter, Greg, I think you had mentioned that you expect fourth quarter revenue to be similar to the fourth quarter of 2019, but margins – just want to make sure I understood what you were messaging there in terms of the margin similar to sort of the average for this year that we've seen, similar to this quarter, I just want to make sure I'm understanding kind of the margin outlook in the fourth quarter.

Yeah. So, when we think about the fourth quarter in where we are, revenue should be a little better than we were a year ago. And when I talk about margins, we've made a tremendous amount of progress on our margins over this year, I think on our first call, we were in the mid-teens, reported 29%. But really, when you strip out the revenue deferral, we're in the mid-24, 25 range, as well as positive on our operating income and EBITDA. So, as I look forward to the quarter, you should be a little bit better in revenue year-over-year, and my expectation is that we will report our profitability metrics. So, margin, as well as the other metrics, are very similar to what they were on an operating basis in the third quarter. We are very focused on maintaining the improvements that we've made on profitability.

Understood. And when you think about that, the performance you also talked about the – some of the delays of installations. And I think you mentioned 41 accepted in the first couple of weeks of October, when you think about performance for the fourth quarter, are you sort of baking in some degree of conservatism on the risk for potential additional delays, storms, or anything like that?

Yeah, when we look right. So, those to your point, those 41 acceptances from a timing basis could have fallen on either side of the reporting day. It gets more interesting as you think about the fourth quarter, because not only do you have the normal cut-offs, but you've got the holidays there as well. And history has told us that alone could put the pressure on it. So, as K.R. and I built the operating plan for the fourth quarter, we were very focused on anything that had a December date on it, seeing if we could get that earlier into the quarter or make sure that we weren't, it wasn't necessarily within the roll, as we thought about the quarter. So, we tried to take the learnings we've had from the third quarter and roll them through as we think about from the fourth quarter. I’d say as we think about the process, right, the real endgame here is to think about how we take some of that volatility out of our business? I mentioned in the script around working with partners. I think as we think about our installations, we've talked in the past around our ability to continue to simplify that and leverage partners that do that work as many OEMs do, and I think as we find partners like that, I'm hopeful to find the ones that have the ability to own the equipment through that process and take that volatility out of our operations and move it to where their core competencies are.

Got you. Last one from me here. Just as you think about growth overall, what are the biggest limiting factors to growth? Is it the issues around installation? Is it permitting? Is it appetite for natural gas usage? What would you characterize as the sort of biggest limiting factors on growth?

Okay, let me start and then I'll hand it over to K.R. So, I think we have made tremendous progress this year on really growing our relationships, not only in South Korea, which K.R. talked about, but within the U.S. as well. And I think in our shareholder letter, I know in our shareholder letter, we broke out some of the distribution on where our revenues are to really show when you adjust out for the repowering last year, how much growth we've had, just within our U.S. business. So, I think over the long-term, right, the growth is really to continue to expand with our current customers, as well as find additional markets within the U.S. where they value the resiliency of our product. I also think we can expand the map within the U.S. We also think there is a larger play internationally. I couldn't tell you how pleased I am with the SK relationship, not only from its operating mechanisms, but from our alignment from an operating view and process standpoint. As we look to expand internationally, we will announce our new international business development leader, who I'm very excited about. Our hope is to find partners similar to SK where we can expand into additional markets that will value our products. So, I look at and say there's opportunity within the markets we've been we’re in today, and there's an opportunity to play in some other markets as well.

And to add to what Greg had to say here, Stephen, if you just look at Korea that, you know, Greg talked about in numbers, since the beginning of this year, our partner SK in Korea has installed 58.8 megawatts. Okay, that's 500 intermediate systems that they’ve installed. And so while in the past, we would have seen installation as potentially a gating item for what you need to do, what this is showing us when we find the right partners, and then we are able to leverage it, that bottleneck can be significantly overcome. And so that's part of what we are planning to do is to find partnerships like that, you know, for sure, should be a great opportunity for us going forward, given the emphasis that they are putting on both decarbonization as well as resiliency, especially with hydrogen. And we're super excited about that. So those are the opportunities. In terms of limitations otherwise, we just need to look across our country, whether it's flooding events, wildfires, or hurricanes, resiliency is becoming extremely important. We don't see our ability to put out the best available product today, when it comes to balancing the attributes of liabilities, resiliency, sustainability, and everything together. We see that we are in the right place. So, look, we will be very enthusiastic about what the future holds.

Very good. Thank you very much.

Your next question comes from the line of Michael Weinstein with Credit Suisse.

Hi, guys.

Hi, Michael.

Could you talk a little bit about some of the drivers behind the total installed system costs declining? I think it's very across the goods sold roughly down 10% sequentially. Seems like a pretty good direction to be in and maybe you could talk more about some of the factors that are driving that?

Yeah, we were very pleased with our unit economics when we pulled them all together, especially after the second quarter. So, from $942 in the second quarter to $1,621 in the third quarter. If you start pulling that apart, there are a couple of things that are happening within there. One is just a very favorable mix, the deals that we were able to do within the quarter and the profitability related to them. Our pricing that was in that number had improved significantly without that margin and that was accelerated by a reduction in product cost at the same time. So, those two things added to a lot more profitability. We also had some legacy issues, I'd say, in the second quarter, as we worked through some of our older installs that came through. There were very valuable projects to get done. We completed them, we were excited to get them done, but they didn't have the profitability that we would have going forward. So, a big change quarter-over-quarter driven by both margin on the product and a reduction on installation. I would look at an operating basis; we're about breakeven on our installation this quarter, versus a small loss on that last quarter. As I think about that going forward, we will continue to take costs out of our product. So, you're going to continue to see that come down, but the favorability of the mix that we had is, as I take a peek forward into the deals that are in our next short-term installation process, my expectation is that number may not be as high when we get into the fourth quarter, probably drift down more towards not quite the average we've seen over the last quarter. We definitely benefited from a favorable mix. And it can move slightly each quarter. So, as I think forward on it, $1,621 was a great accomplishment. I don't look at it as a high watermark, but I think in the short-term, you'll see it drift down a few dollars as we move forward.

So what you’re saying is, you won’t see the same kind of decline going forward, but you don't expect it to creep up or anything like that?

Yeah, yeah. I mean, over time, it should, right? I mean, you're talking about product coming out 19%, and we're doing a really good job on our discipline on price, I'm really comfortable with what we have there. I would just look at $1,621 being a very favorable mix on this quarter versus what you may see in the next quarter or the following quarter.

Right. And I think Greg, you mentioned that replacement costs are also down on the servicing side is that and you expect to able to do less replacements per cycle?

Yeah, it's a combination. So, there's a couple of things that are happening there, right. One is we've just continued to improve on the stack life within the fuel cell. And it's continued to improve. And we've written about that in technical papers, and you could see that on the blog. The other thing that the team has done really well is been managing the entire fleet in managing to make sure that we're achieving the outputs that we want and being well optimizing the units that are there. Those two things combined, so having a longer life and doing a more optimization around where we put our foot has reduced the number of field replacement units that we've had to put out into individual sites. We did ship a few extra this quarter for the team. One is, it helps them manage what the total output does. And they can think about that, and there's some good economic trades there. We also did it as a way to when you look forward, you can just see this business gaining profitability and then growing margins, as well as revenue in the near future. So, we're through a process of that that’s trying to accelerate. The other place similar to where you see it on total product costs with new units, you see a very similar cost profile with the replacement units, and the team's done a very good job of driving costs out. So, we think as you go forward, you need lots of them and each one you need is less cost, and we see a very good trajectory. I think we talked about 2022 being the crossover point where that business is profitable, and we expect to gain from that, as well as the very valuable service business that every OEM wants.

Is that because by 2022 essentially all your generation five units will be generation five at that point?

Yes, that is correct. You know, we would have lost our legacy units, Michael, this is K.R. speaking, and we would have replaced them with our Gen 5 units. And again, the reason we talked about our Korea installation, the 8.35 megawatt system is because that performance is publicly reported. And you know, with our certain other systems, we have to be careful about contractually speaking here. It is something that’s publicly reported. Even though we have been saying what we’re shipping as close to a five-year life, in showing average data, that doesn't mean statistically everything lasted five years, but if you just look at this installation, it gives you a sense of the kind of quality, reliability, and life that we are continuously improving upon right on all those metrics. 167 little power plants, each putting out 50 kilowatts, not one of them had to be replaced. And they continue to operate. And I gave you all the metrics that are in the deck. I don't want to repeat it here. But that performance is pretty astounding, and it shows you how far we have come in making this technology robust. And the most important thing is, isn't it great for people speculating wrongly about how much of a liability that we will have going forward, to our CFO now telling you in 2022, it will be a profitable business.

Alright, I'll get back in the queue. Thank you.

Your next question comes from Colin Rusch with Oppenheimer.

Thanks so much, guys. You know, if you think about these cost reductions on the service side, how should we think about that flowing through into your bidding process in the sales pipeline, and pricing?

For us, when we look at it, Colin, the way to think about it is really at the end of the day, what's the value proposition for the customer? For them, it's not breaking it into fuel costs, product costs, service costs. For them, it is, what is the quality of electricity, with what attributes do they get, at what price, and what is their alternative? So, for us, pricing will always be dictated by market conditions, making it an attractive value proposition for the customer and for us. So, we would see in, you know, our costs coming down as either our ability to attract margin in certain places, because that's still a very good value proposition to the customer. And in certain other cases, we will see that as an opportunity for us to expand into markets where our economic value proposition may not be as high as it is. It will get more attractive going forward with that lower cost structure that we have for the same margins that we want to commence. That’s the way we would see it. Greg, would you add anything to that?

No, I think that's exactly right. I think as we look at what our value prop to our customers is, areas where we've been able to reduce our costs, whether it's on our product costs, service costs, or installation costs, those are all opportunities where we can create value for our customer as well as for ourselves. So, we want to make sure we're maintaining some of that, but using it to help us open up new markets where we can be competitive as well.

Okay, and then on the manufacturing side, and the evolution of the technology. Can you talk about the cadence of improvements? It sounded like there's a number of areas it has been working on and being able to move to different materials, different form factors. Can you talk about how that is progressing? And how we should think about that flowing through into the product margin, as we think about the balance of this year into next year?

Yeah, you know, it's – we've talked about this in the past. As we think about our cost-out, it's part of our D&A. It's part of our operating teams to think about it. In any particular quarter, our targets are anywhere from 10% to 12%, as high as 15% cost out year-over-year on our product. I'd tell you we get it through a number of different ways. Our supply chain is fairly sophisticated in working with our vendors to improve their manufacturing processes, as well as simplify our product through engineering to make it cheaper for our supply chain to manufacture; it can be assembled within our product. I'm very impressed with the manufacturing processes and our engineers working with our team there and coming up with additional ways in which to improve whether the yields, taking steps out of the process, etc. All those things help take the cost out, and as we project going forward, we give the team fairly aggressive cost targets that we expect them to achieve and we give them the tools and resources to do that. But it's part of our core operating D&A and how we move forward. In any particular quarter, it may come from – it may come from a different variable that they optimize, but quarter-in and quarter-out that team has been able to deliver on that product cost. And as you start to look back at it, year-over-year, quarter-over-quarter, it really demonstrates itself out. So, we count on that as we think about how we grow the business. When you add to capacity, we're going to have a little bit of challenge here on the cost absorption. So, the team is ahead of that and thinking about how they bring those capital investments on and they can increase – as they increase the number of units going through, the volume will recapture some of that. But our product cost is not an output metric. It is very much a target that we use to run the company around.

Great, thanks so much.

Next question comes from Benjamin Kallo with Baird.

Hey, guys, good evening. You guys have a couple of good announcements about new product lines with the hydrogen project electrolyzer and the marine project? Could you just talk to us about when those products were initially developed or started coming from the lab to announcing that? Just some history there? And then I think, Greg, you talked about having a new Head of Europe. Can you talk about just the management team and where you guys are in? If there are holes or anything you need to change? Thanks.

Yeah, sure. Ben, I'll get started, and then I'll pass it on to Greg because you asked about history. So, look, the company's history started with this particular technology used as an electrolyzer. That's my work that I did. Even in the very early days of the company, we were thinking about whether our product was going to be a single generation of electricity, generation of electricity and heat, or generation of electricity, heat, and hydrogen. So, we have thought about, and very uniquely, the solid oxide process is the only electrochemical process that you can effectively and practically run in a reversible manner; the same device can be run in one direction as the fuel cell and in another direction as an electrolyzer that is called a solid oxide regenerative fuel cell or SORFC, and I have some of the early papers and patents from that. And as a company, we have over 19 patents in this area, and we have been doing a lot of research. But why have we not spoken about hydrogen so far and why are we speaking about it now? It is because of market timing—-the world wanting decarbonization in a very strong way. Number one. And number two, the cost of renewable electricity coming down the way it has come down, as well as the ubiquity of that in certain places that make it very attractive and policymakers realizing that this is coming and putting policies in place to enable this, along with automotive makers coming up with a need for it in the transportation sector. And regulations coming along in the hard to decarbonize areas are saying that they would rather go to hydrogen than use other carbon-intensive forms of generating industrial heat and things like that. It is that combination, and so it's a matter of timing. If you look in the literature, purely based on technology, there is consensus that the solid oxide electrolyzer is far superior to the low-temperature electrolyzers. This is academic research. This is DOE research. You can just look at that; it's not just company research. So, we feel very confident that we will play an important role in the hydrogen economy transformation, and the timing is right. In terms of rolling out our first product and also addressing the international market development, Greg, I'll pass it on to you.

Yeah, thanks, K.R. So, when I first started looking at Bloom, what attracted me to the company was not only the product that we had today and its applicability and resiliency, but really what I got excited about was I spent time with the team around that technology roadmap. We call them five pillars internally that we are growing the company with. So, it's both forms of our hydrogen play, whether it be the fuel cell or the electrolyzer. Marine, we've talked about; biogas, which I think is a really exciting opportunity; and then carbon capture that can be part of our server processing there. And just some of the unique ability to do that with solid oxide fuel cell and a fuel cell make that really attractive. I think not only has the market opportunity come into play, but I feel now that we've got to the other side of what we needed to do with making sure that we fortified the balance sheet, taking care of some of the short-term issues, we have a lot more flexibility to go invest in those pillars than we may have had six or twelve months ago. And you know, the nice thing we've talked about it before, the server is a platform. It can do all of those things without requiring a lot of investment to go do that. We do have an operating process set up internally, with the engineers to make sure that they are moving through the process of doing the design. We’ve got Sharelynn Moore came in as our marketing leader; she has a great product management background and is really putting into place how you commercialize these products. So, it feels like everything is coming together quite nicely all at the same time for the company. It'll be some time until we see major revenue contributions from these particular items, but I'm glad to know that it's out there at the same time we're expanding the current products. So, I think it'll help. You asked about the team. I'm also impressed with the team here at Bloom and their operations; I talked about the product cost management before. But there's a lot of good operating rigor. I think, as the conversations with the board around the leadership team going forward, for me, it's really around scalability. And hopefully that's what you're seeing in the leaders that we're bringing in. It's how do you take a company that is $200 million a quarter and grow it to the size that you need it to grow? And how do you take that complexity that exists as a business grows and operationalize it in a way to make it scalable, so it's simpler? And you'll see the backgrounds of the people that have joined—they've been in different organizations. We haven’t all come from the power background, but we all come from organizations where working together as a leadership team, and focusing on building resilient teams that can scale is really what we need. I think with the last add here on our international business lead, and it's just not in Europe, when you see the background, you're going to see this person can play in a lot of different ways. And we're really excited to have them come in and wake up in a different time zone and think about parts of the world that we may not be able to get to from our desks or homes now in California. So, I'm really excited about the team we have here. I feel like we're at an inflection point, and I feel like we are really pulling together nicely as a team and as a company.

Great. Thanks, guys.

Thank you.

Thank you.

Your next question comes from the line of Jeff Osborne with Cowen and Company.

Good afternoon. A couple of quick ones on my end. I know you don't discuss bookings or backlog, but I was wondering if you could just qualitatively talk about the fire season and then coupling that with COVID, and the lack of being able to meet face-to-face as a virtual sales or digital sales—is that working for you? I know the solar industry has transitioned well to that, but I wasn't sure about you folks.

So, Jeff, as you know, we don’t give guidance on sales and now we're doing it only once a year. But look, our sales team is doing very well reaching out to customers. I would say getting those virtual meetings is probably a little bit easier than trying to go and have a face-to-face. And they are able to get a lot more of those calls in because they're not spending their time traveling, and I think it's pretty remarkable. I don't know what you are seeing everywhere else, but it’s pretty remarkable how our ecosystem we see people have adapted extremely well to this online, digital virtual process for everything other than the essential production processes and things like that where we need people out there. So, I would say the momentum is good. And I would say that we are seeing traction. The one use and, you know, you’ve heard us talk about Entergy during the script. You know, there are parts of the country where the hurricanes are making people really want to think about resiliency in a very different way. This is not a new normal; it is the beginning of a trend that’s getting worse by the day. And so people are seeing that, whether it's our last day, whether it's the wildfires here in California, or the hurricanes, and on top of that, grid prices are going up, not only is the quality of service not where it needs to be, but the prices are going up. And Greg talked to you about how we are able to get our unit economics to a place where we can play in some of these markets effectively that we could not in the past. So, it's all pointing in the right direction.

Got it. My follow-up was about Entergy. Are they similar to Southern and Duke in providing financing, or are they just selling? Who would actually own it, or is it a cash sale? Can you discuss when you anticipate bookings and what they are actually doing? Will the customer own and operate the microgrids you mentioned?

No, this is a new relationship. Here the common interest—their interest in resiliency is extremely high. Just think about the parts of Louisiana; within the last 60 days, three different hurricanes, category two or higher, have impacted. It has been devastating. Mother Nature has been devastating. So, resiliency is at the top of their mind. For a certain fraction of their customer base, distributed power is something that they are interested in, and their leadership team is thinking is very forward leaning on decarbonization. These are common interests. We are exploring these opportunities together. It is a mutual interest. We will find out when we are just discussing that and we will share with you as we make progress.

Got it? Thanks so much. That's all I had.

There are no other questions at this time. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may...

I was going to just give a concluding remark.

Okay, no problem. Everyone is still connected.

Thank you so much. So, I want to take this opportunity to thank Mark Mesler. This is his last meeting as our VP of Finance and Investor Relations. Mark has forged strong connections with the investor base and the analyst community and really adequately guided Bloom in his first year as a public company. He's leaving to join a promising Silicon Valley startup as a CFO. Mark, we thank you for all your services. And we wish you a very good future and we're excited for you. The Bloom team is proud of the work we have done over the last year. We have strengthened our financial position. Our business operations are more nimble, efficient, and effective. Customers are increasingly valuing our solution as we have powered through wildfires, hurricanes, and public safety power shutdowns. Our collaborations with public utilities and commercial partners are robust, and they are actively engaging with new partners and developing trailblazing low- and zero-carbon power generation distributions. They’re scalable, affordable, and integral to our planet's fight against climate change. Bloom’s future is very bright. Team Bloom joins me in expressing our gratitude to the investors, for being stakeholders with us in our journey. Thank you very much. Have a good evening.

Ladies and gentlemen, you may disconnect.